Efficacy ofColletotrichum coccodesand Thidiazuron for Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Control in Soybean (Glycine max)

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Hodgson ◽  
Lee A. Wymore ◽  
Alan K. Watson ◽  
Robert H. Snyder ◽  
Anne Collette
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Wet Weather

The plant pathogenic fungusColletotrichum coccodes(Cc) and the plant growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) were evaluated in Maryland and Quebec for velvetleaf control in ‘Williams' and ‘Maple Arrow’ soybean. TDZ was applied at 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 kg ai/ha alone or was combined with Cc at 109spores/m2when velvetleaf was at the 1- to 2-leaf (Trial 1) or 4- to 6-leaf (Trial 2) growth stages. Velvetleaf control increased with TDZ rate, and TDZ combined with Cc further increased control. TDZ reduced velvetleaf biomass and height, and Cc increased velvetleaf mortality. In Quebec, Cc also reduced the biomass of velvetleaf treated in Trial 1 and interacted positively with TDZ at this growth stage. Cc nearly halved the rates of TDZ required for 90 and 75% mortality of velvetleaf treated at the 1- to 2-leaf and 4- to 6-leaf stages to 0.09 and 0.12 kg/ha, respectively, in Quebec. Cc similarly lowered the rate of TDZ required for 75% stand reduction of velvetleaf in Trial 1 to 0.17 kg/ha in Maryland. Cool wet weather in Quebec contrasted with warm, dry weather in Maryland. Soybean biomass and yield were increased significantly by treatment with TDZ plus Cc in Trial 1 at both locations.

Interaction Between a Velvetleaf Isolate ofColletotrichum coccodesand Thidiazuron for Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Control in the Field

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Wymore ◽  
A. K. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Soybean Yield

Spraying with tank mix combinations of the fungusColletotrichum coccodesand the plant growth regulator thidiazuron increased mortality, decreased biomass and height of velvetleaf, and increased soybean yield in field experiments. The velvetleaf isolate ofC. coccodeswas compatible with thidiazuron, and tank mix combinations consistently improved control over either component alone. In the moist 1986 season the fungus and the growth regulator interacted synergistically to increase velvetleaf mortality. In the drier 1987 season no significant interaction was detected between the two components.

Successful stem cutting propagation of chickpea, its wild relatives and their interspecific hybrids

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Danehloueipour ◽  
G. Yan ◽  
H. J. Clarke ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Stem Cutting ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Cicer Species

A successful stem cutting method was developed to propagate chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), its crossable wild annual relatives (C. reticulatum Ladiz. and C. echinospermum P.H. Davis) and their interspecific hybrids. The effect of plant growth regulator powder (0.5 mg/g indole butyric acid and 0.5 mg/g naphthalene acetic acid), honey, combined honey + plant growth regulator powder, different growth stages of the donor plant, and rooting substrates on rooting rate, root number, root length, and survival rate were investigated. The highest propagation success rate was achieved when cuttings were taken at the pre-flowering stage, treated with plant growth regulator powder and grown in a sand + potting mix substrate. The rooting rate ranged from 87.5 to 100% for chickpea, C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum, and interspecific hybrids. All of the accessions examined in the study were successfully propagated with the new method. This study provides a simple and efficient technique for vegetative propagation of Cicer species which will be useful for the multiplication of seed, production of clones for disease screening or for the development of mapping populations.

Effects of Chlorimuron Applied Postemergence to Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
C. Dale Monks ◽  
Thomas Rayburn ◽  
Glenn Wehtje
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Time Of Application

Chlorimuron applied postemergence at 2.2, 4.4, 8.8, 18, and 35 g ai/ha to cotton at either the 4-leaf, pinhead-square, first-bloom, or full-bloom growth stage was evaluated for potential as a plant growth regulator. Chlorimuron did not reduce bolls per plant at any rate or time of application, but the proportion of open to closed bolls decreased as rate increased. Seed cotton yields decreased with increasing chlorimuron rate and cotton age. The use of chlorimuron as a plant growth regulator for cotton appears limited.

Nitrogen application after plant growth regulator herbicide drift reduces soybean growth and yield

Weed Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
Brian Van de Stroet ◽  
Graig Reicks ◽  
Deepak Joshi ◽  
Sen Subramanian ◽  
David Clay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
N Application ◽  
Foliar N

AbstractThe success of dicamba-tolerant soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] has revived concerns about plant growth regulator (PGR) herbicide exposure to conventional soybean. In laboratory studies, soybean root nodulation is inhibited by excess auxin, which is the mechanism of action of PGR herbicides. Soybean exposed to PGRs in a field environment may have a similar response, and if nodulation is compromised, nitrogen (N) fixation may be reduced, with subsequent seed yield or protein content decreases. Many soybean–N studies report minimal impact to soybean yield. However, if soybeans show foliar PGR injury symptoms, could N application compensate for a potential nodulation inhibition response? This study examined the response of non–PGR tolerant soybean to N after exposure to low doses of 2,4-D and dicamba applied once (at soybean growth stages V1, V3, and early reproduction [R1 or R2]) or twice (V1 + V3 or V3 + R). N was either foliar or soil applied at early (∼5 d after PGR application) or late (10 d after PGR application) timings. Nodulation and plant growth were evaluated at R3, and grain yield and seed protein and oil content were quantified at maturity. Plant biomass and nodulation were reduced by 10% with some PGR treatments, and early foliar N application after PGR injury resulted in reduction up to 25%. N applications to non–PGR treated soybean did not increase yield. Soybean treated with PGR at V1 or V3, with or without N, had yields similar to control treatments. However, yield reductions of up to 20% were observed when PGRs were applied at V5 or R stages or when double PGR applications were followed by early foliar N application. Seed protein and oil content were not affected by PGR or N treatment.

Influence of plant growth regulator and rhizobial inoculation on nodulation and soybean nitrogen contant

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 993-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulejman Redžepović ◽  
Sanja Sikora ◽  
Josip Čolo ◽  
Mihaela Blažinkov ◽  
Marija Pecina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation

Yield increase and higher flesh firmness of 'Arctic Snow' nectarines both at harvest in Australia and after export to Taiwan following pre-harvest application of ReTain Plant Growth Regulator (aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG)

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Rath ◽  
A. J. Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Ambient Storage ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Harvest Delay

The effects ReTain Plant Growth Regulator (830 g in 1000 L water/ha) applied to a commercial block of 'Arctic Snow' nectarines 7 days before the first harvest was assessed in relation to harvest delay, fruit size, fruit quality (flesh firmness and brix), as well as the quality of the fruit following export to Taiwan. The untreated block (0.87 ha) and the ReTain-treated block (1.0 ha) were harvested according to the orchard's standard maturation criteria of background colour, size and percent blush colour. Based on picking schedules, the maturation of the ReTain block was delayed by 2.75 days (P<0.05). The fruit continued to grow during this delay and resulted in a 12.3% increase in yield and an increase of 393 packed cartons/ha. There were more (P<0.001) cartons of ReTain-treated fruit packed in grade sizes 69–78 mm diameter and less of smaller size classes (51–66 mm) compared with untreated fruit. The increase in both the number of cartons of class 1 fruit and fruit size on the ReTain block resulted in a Return on Investment (ROI) of 14.7 : 1 with an additional net return of AU$17 655/ha over the untreated block. There was a correlation between fruit size and flesh firmness with larger fruit being firmer than smaller fruit (P<0.001), however, packed ReTain-treated fruit was 3.2 N firmer on average (P<0.001) than packed untreated fruit for all size grades and from all harvests and packs. Brix levels increased (P<0.001) with fruit size but there was no difference (P = 0.568) between ReTain-treated fruit and untreated fruit. Two containers of fruit (early and late picks) were exported to Taiwan. The containers held a temperature of 0.5–2.0°C for the 14–15 day transit time from Australia to Taiwan. ReTain-treated fruit in both containers was 1.7 N firmer (P = 0.022) than untreated fruit upon arrival in Taiwan. After ambient storage (23°C) of fruit from container 1 for 45 h, fruit firmness declined (P<0.001) from an average of 65.7 to 43.2 N and there was no difference (P = 0.826) between treated or untreated fruit. It is concluded that ReTain application to 'Arctic Snow' nectarines can increase financial returns to growers through increased fruit size and quality benefits as well as maintain a higher flesh firmness following export.

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