Effect of Imazethapyr on Legumes and the Effect of Legumes on Weeds

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Weed Biomass

A three-year experiment was conducted near Scottsbluff, NE, to evaluate the selectivity of POST-applied imazethapyr for weed control in alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, red clover, sainfoin, and yellow sweetclover. Imazethapyr injured all legumes 15 DAT. Imazethapyr also reduced the height of birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, red clover, and yellow sweeclover 28 DAT. Legume first cutting yields were not reduced by imazethapyr and with alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, and sainfoin, first cutting yields were increased by imazethapyr. Imazethapyr reduced weed biomass in all legume seedings. Weed biomass in new seedings of alfalfa was reduced more than that of the other legumes.

scholarly journals 159 The effect of multispecies swards on parasite faecal egg counts of grazing lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Romina A Rodriguez ◽  
Cornelia Grace ◽  
Mary B Lynch ◽  
Helen Sheridan ◽  
Stephen Lott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts

Abstract Multispecies swards (MSS) for ruminants are increasing in popularity in temperate regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of MSS containing grasses, legumes and herbs on lambs faecal egg counts (FEC) compared to a perennial ryegrass monoculture. Over two years (2015 and 2016) lambs (n = 60 per year, n = 120 in total per treatment) grazed one of four sward types. The treatments were: perennial ryegrass only (PRG), perennial grass and white clover (PRGWC), six species sward (perennial ryegrass, timothy, plantain, chicory, white and red clover; 6S) and nine species (9S) additional to the 6S were cocksfoot, greater birdsfoot trefoil and yarrow. Feces samples were collected fortnightly commencing when lambs were six weeks old and FEC were determined by the modified McMaster procedure for quantifying Nematodirus and Trichostrongylus eggs. All lambs were treated with anthelmintic at 12 weeks of age and subsequent anthelmintic treatments were administered when a threshold of 400 egg per gram (epg) was reached. The statistical analysis used was a repeated measures model in PROC MIXED of SAS. Nematodirus FEC did not differ with treatment (P > 0.05). Trichostrongylus FEC was influenced by sward type (P < 0.05), the lambs grazing the PRG sward displaying higher FEC, while the lambs grazing the 9S sward displaying lower FEC compared to other treatments. The lambs offered PRG required fewer days in reach the 400 epg threshold compared to the other treatments (P < 0.05) that did not differ. The repeatability of FEC from one date to the next date was 21.54% and 11.85% for Nematodirus and Trichostrongylus respectively, being considered low. The correlation between FEC (Nematodirus) and ADG (weaning-slaughter) was positive (0.1377), but FEC (Trichostrongylus) and ADG correlation was negative (-0.1084). These results suggest that lambs offered the 9S treatment had lower FEC of Trichostrongylus eggs compared to PRG.

Effect of Imazethapyr on Perennial Grasses

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blue Grama ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Little Bluestem ◽  
Western Wheatgrass ◽  
Russian Wildrye

Experiments were conducted near Scottsbluff, NE in 1991 and 1992 to evaluate the selectivity of imazethapyr for weed control in blue grama, intermediate wheatgrass, little bluestem, Russian wildrye, switchgrass, and western wheatgrass. Imazethapyr reduced weed biomass in all seedings and injured all perennial grasses 12 days after treatment (DAT). Imazethapyr reduced the height of intermediate wheatgrass, Russian wildrye, and switchgrass 35 DAT. Russian wildrye, and switchgrass biomass 50 DAT was reduced by imazethapyr. Weed biomass in new seedings of intermediate wheatgrass and western wheatgrass were reduced more than that of the other grasses.

The effect of temperature on germination and seedling growth of temperate perennial pasture legumes.

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Hill ◽  
R Luck
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Sericea Lespedeza ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Leaf Appearance

Germination of 10 perennial pasture legumes, white clover, red clover, strawberry clover, lucerne, Caucasian clover, cicer milkvetch, crownvetch, birdsfoot trefoil, big trefoil and sericea lespedeza, was compared under five day/night temperature regimens: 24/20, 20/15, 15/10, 12/6 and 8/2�C. Growth of seedlings of Caucasian clover, birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, crownvetch and sericea lespedeza was compared with that of white clover at four serial harvests over a 5-week period at the three highest temperatures. Three main patterns of germination were observed. Firstly, temperature had little effect on maximum percentage, time to first germination and rate of germination in lucerne. Secondly, all Trifolium species and birdsfoot trefoil exhibited reductions in rate of germination and increases in time to germination at the two lowest temperatures. Thirdly, the remaining species showed either very slow or no germination at the two lowest temperatures, where there were large reductions in the maximum germination where germination occurred. Seedling growth was characterized by better dry matter and leaf production from white and Caucasian clovers at 15/10�C than for the other species, but very marked increases in growth at the higher temperatures by the other four species. Lespedeza was always the least vigorous seedling, and birdsfoot trefoil and crownvetch grew as well or better than the Trifolium species at 24/20�C. Slow first leaf appearance in crownvetch and cicer milkvetch seemed to be associated with a much greater capacity for cotyledon expansion in these species. While Caucasian clover appears to be well suited for establishment under Australian conditions, promising species such as cicer milkvetch and crownvetch will require selection for better germination and seedling growth at low temperatures or the introduction of more winter active germplasm if they are to become useful plants in Australian pastures.

Interaction of EPTC and DNBP on Seedlings of Alfalfa and Birdsfoot Trefoil

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Linscott ◽  
R. D. Hagin
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Perennial Weed

In 1965 and 1966, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., var. Cayuga) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L., var. Viking) were seeded in soil treated just before planting with ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC). To determine herbicidal interaction on a field scale, 4,6-dinitro-o-Sec-butylphenol (DNBP) was applied as a postemergence treatment. No significant interaction of EPTC and DNBP was evident on legume or weedy grass stands on yield. Interaction of EPTC and DNBP on control of annual broadleaf weeds was noted 1 year but not the second. DNBP but not EPTC significantly reduced birdsfoot trefoil stands during both years and reduced alfalfa stands 1 year but not the other. EPTC controlled annual and perennial weed grasses and DNBP controlled annual broadleaf weeds successfully. The incorporation of EPTC in soil before planting alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil followed by a postemergence DNBP treatment was considered to be a practical weed control method.

Influence of Oat (Avena sativa) Interseeding on Weed Suppression in the Final Year of an Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Stand

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Thomas Lanini ◽  
Steve B. Orloff ◽  
Warren E. Bendixen ◽  
W. Michael Canevari ◽  
Jerry L. Schmierer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Forage Yields

Paraquat, cultivation, or cultivation plus oat interseeding (56 or 84 kg/ha) into established alfalfa were evaluated for their effect on weeds, forage yield, and forage composition at Santa Ynez, Lancaster, and Stockton, CA. Treatments were applied during the winter to dormant alfalfa and evaluated in the subsequent harvest season. Paraquat reduced first harvest total forage yields 20 to 33% compared to untreated alfalfa, whereas oat interseeding increased total forage yields 16 to 36%. Cultivation reduced total forage yield in the first cutting by 26% at Lancaster but did not affect forage yield at the other sites. Total or component forage yields were not affected by any treatment in the second and subsequent harvests, with the exception of weeds. Paraquat reduced weed biomass in the first harvest by 45 and 49% at Lancaster and Stockton. Oat interseeding reduced first harvest weed biomass by 80% at Lancaster but did not affect weed biomass at Stockton or Santa Ynez. Oat interseeding or paraquat treatment reduced weed biomass in the second harvest at Stockton, but did not affect weeds in any other harvest at any of the sites. Oat interseeding was comparable to paraquat treatment for weed control, with the advantage of also increasing first harvest forage yield.

scholarly journals Hoeing as a Possibility for Mechanical Weed Control in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Crops ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schwabe ◽  
Sabine Gruber ◽  
Wilhelm Claupein
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Weed Plant

The framework conditions for chemical weed control in oilseed rape (OSR) are becoming increasingly unfavorable in Central Europe. On the one hand, weed resistance is spreading and, on the other, there is a growing social desire to reduce or eliminate the use of chemical crop protection products. In a field experiment, hoeing, as a weed control measure performed two times per growing season (one time in autumn and one time in spring) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus; two varieties), was compared to chemical control by herbicides and a combination of hoeing and herbicide application (five treatments altogether). The chemical control by herbicides consisted of a broad-spectrum pre-emergence treatment and a post-emergence graminicide application. The trial was set up in each of three periods (years 2014/2015, 2015/2016, and 2016/2017) at the experimental station Ihinger Hof, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. The effect of the treatments on weed plant density, weed biomass at the time of harvesting, and on OSR grain yield was investigated. Weed plant density was measured four times per trial year, each time before and after hoeing. In 2015/2016 after spring hoeing, and in 2016/2017 at all data collection times, weed plant density was significantly higher in hoeing without herbicide application than in the other variants. No significant differences occurred at the other data collection times. The weed plant density ranged from 0.5 to 57.8 plants m−2. Regardless of the trial year, pure hoeing always resulted in a significantly higher weed biomass at the time of harvesting than the herbicide applications or the combinations. The weed biomass at the time of harvesting ranged between 0.1 and 54.7 g m−2. No significant differences in grain yield between hoeing and herbicide application occurred in all three trial years. According to the results, hoeing is a suitable extension of existing integrated weed control strategies in OSR.

Weed Control During Establishment of Birdsfoot Trefoil(Lotus corniculatus)and Red Clover(Trifolium pratense)with EPTC and Dinoseb

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Linscott ◽  
R. D. Hagin
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
The Cost

Yields of birdsfoot trefoil(Lotus corniculatusL.) and red clover(Trifolium pratenseL.) were increased during establishment after herbicide treatments. All treatments, which included preplanting application and incorporation of EPTC(S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) at 2, and 4 kg/ha in all combinations with postemergence applications of dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) at 0.25 and 0.5 kg/ha, controlled weeds and increased yields over those of untreated plots during a 2-yr period. EPTC and dinoseb treatments alone and in combinations were economical in birdsfoot trefoil, using the cost for weed control and the value of the extra forage. However, with red clover only dinoseb proved economically feasible at hay prices less than $80/metric ton.

scholarly journals Effect of Selected Weed Management Practices on the Growth and Yield Components of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) in Western Region of Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mayaka Justus Mogaka ◽  
Korir Kibet Nicholas ◽  
Wafula Wekha Nelson ◽  
Joseph P. Onyango Gweyi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Finger millet (Elusine coracana) accounts for 8% of the total area and 11% of the millet production worldwide.  It is grown on over 4 million ha globally, mainly for food purposes. Millions of people in the dry lands of Central and East Africa, and South of India depend on finger millet as an important source of food to them (CGIAR, 2001). Finger millet is one of the most neglected and underutilized crops. Additionally, the crop has received limited research attention compared to wheat, rice, and maize (FAO, 2011). Therefore, production challenges such as those caused by weeds like goose grass Elusine indica remain at large. Manual weeding is the commonly employed weed control method in finger millet production, but is expensive and labour intensive. The current study was set to evaluate the influence of weed management practices on finger millet growth and yield components. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The plots measured 2 by 2m with a border width of 1m. The treatments included Pendimethalin, Dimethyl amine, Metolachlor, Metribuzin, Atrazine (at three rates each 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 l/ha), No weeding and Hand weeding. Data was collected on the number of weed species, weed biomass, number of basal tillers, herbicide phytotoxicity, weed and crop heights, number of panicles, weight of panicles, weight of un-threshed and threshed grains and 1000 grain weight. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA using GenStat version 15.1. Application of Pendimethalin at 1.5 and 2.0 L/ha Active Ingredient (AI), resulted in weed optimal control and least phytotoxicity. Results also indicated that the height of finger millet was significantly (p<0.001) higher where the herbicides were applied. Lower weed biomass was also positively correlated with higher crop height, more panicles, high unthreshed and threshed weights and a 1000 grain weight. Application of 2,4D at rates of 1.5L and 2.0L resulted in significantly taller plants 33.00 cm, than the other weed management methods. Finger millet under Pendimethalin 1.5 L gave the highest number of 86 panicles while Atrazine 2.0L and Pendimethalin1.5L methods of weed control, had significantly higher weight compared to all the other treatments. The 1000 seed mass across the treatments averaged 2.31 g while the on the untreated treatments had an average of 1.54 g. Weed control using pre emergence herbicides significantly (p<0.001) increased the yields of finger millet.

Pasture species and cultivars used in New Zealand - a list

1999 ◽  
pp. 147-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F.L. Charlton ◽  
A.V. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
Brome Grass ◽  
Industry Needs ◽  
Herb Species

In recent years, the number of pasture species and cultivars commercially available to farmers in New Zealand has increased significantly. Reasons for this include increased commercial activity in the development and supply of proprietary cultivars, and more specialisation in New Zealand's pastoral agriculture. In particular, pasture cultivars are increasingly marketed as proprietary products with associated technical support. This year there are 109 certified cultivars available, belonging to 23 grass, legume and herb species. As a result, farmers are now able to develop improved pasture feed supply, but they are somewhat confused about pasture species and cultivars, and this frustrates their aims to produce high quality animal products from productive pastures. Accordingly, the herbage seeds industry needs to work from a clear reference list, to avoid any confusion when supplying farmers and overseas clients with their seed requirements. Our list of pasture species, types and cultivars available within New Zealand aims to be that reference. Keywords: birdsfoot trefoil, brome grass, caucasian clover, chicory, clover, cocksfoot, cultivars, herbs, lotus, lucerne, pasture, phalaris, plantain, prairie grass, red clover, ryegrass, seeds, species, strawberry clover, sub clover, tall fescue, timothy, types, white clover, Yorkshire fog

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