Evaluation of a Rapid Method to Detect Terbufos Residue Levels in Corn (Zea mays) Seedlings

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-846
Author(s):  
Antonio Castro-Escobar ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Corn Plants

Postemergence applications of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron may injure corn plants depending on the level of terbufos present in the young corn plants from application of terbufos for corn rootworm control. Field studies were conducted in 1992 and 1993 to evaluate the interaction of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron with terbufos and to relate terbufos levels, detected with a rapid detection kit, to injury. Terbufos was applied in-furrow at 0, 186, 375, and 750 g ai/100 m of row. Nicosulfuron was applied at 35 and 70 g ai/ha and primisulfuron at 40 and 80 g ai/ha when the corn was at the four-leaf stage. Prior to herbicide application, both fresh and frozen plant samples from each treatment were subjected to terbufos analysis. The correlation coefficient for terbufos detected in the shoot extract with observed herbicide injury to corn was r = 0.89 in 1992 and r = 0.94 in 1993. Injury ratings showed a greater correlation with terbufos levels than did corn shoot height. Thus, the rapid detection kit provided an efficient method to determine whether an injurious terbufos-herbicide interaction might occur.

Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Selective Postemergence Herbicides

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey V. Ransom ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Shoot Emergence

Field studies were conducted from 1994 to 1996 in Michigan to evaluate postemergence (POST) herbicides for hemp dogbane control in corn. Studies were initiated at no-tillage and chisel-plowed sites each of the three years. Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron were evaluated alone and in combination with 2,4-D amine or dicamba. In 1995 and 1996, CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron was also applied alone and in combination with 2,4-D or dicamba. Control varied among years and sites. Nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, and CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron applied alone controlled 30% of the hemp dogbane, and dicamba or 2,4-D alone controlled 42 and 66%, respectively. Tank mixtures of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, or CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron with dicamba were more effective and more consistent than dicamba alone. Combinations of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, or CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron with 2,4-D gave the most effective and consistent control across sites, with an average of 93% control. In general, treatments controlled only shoots that had emerged at the time of application. New shoots emerged following herbicide application at the chisel-tillage sites in 1994 and 1995 but not at the no-tillage sites. However, in 1996, shoot emergence following treatment occurred in both no-tillage and chisel-tillage sites.

Metolachlor and Alachlor Persistence in Rice (Oryza sativa) Following Soybean (Glycine max)

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Griffin ◽  
John F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Soil Residue

Field studies were conducted for 3 yr to evaluate the persistence of metolachlor and alachlor applied to ‘Centennial’ soybean and to determine their residual effect on ‘Mars' rice. At labeled use rates of metolachlor at 2.8 kg ai/ha and alachlor at 3.9 kg ai/ha, soil residue levels in the fall 5 months after application on Crowley and Midland silt loam soils averaged 0.04 and 0.05 ppmw, respectively. Metolachlor fall soil residues averaged 3.5 times higher when applied at 5.6 and 11.2 kg/ha compared to 2.8 kg/ha, but residues for labeled and double rates of alachlor were similar. In the spring 9 months after herbicide application, soil residues averaged over years did not exceed 0.06 ppmw. The 3-yr rice yields were not affected by residual metolachlor or alachlor.

Some Effects of Buthidazole on Corn (Zea mays) Photosynthesis, Respiration, Anthocyanin Formation, and Leaf Ultrastructure

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriton K. Hatzios ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Leaf Ultrastructure ◽  
Anthocyanin Formation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Whole Plants

The effect of the herbicide buthidazole {3-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-imidazolidinone} on photosynthesis, respiration, anthocyanin formation and leaf ultrastructure of corn (Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3780’) was studied following pre- or postemergence applications. Total photosynthesis and dark respiration were measured with an infrared CO2 analyzer in an open air flow system 12, 18, and 24 days after preemergence treatment with 0, 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha of buthidazole. The 0.56 and 1.12 kg/ha preemergence treatments had no effect on total corn photosynthesis even 24 days after treatment, whereas buthidazole at 2.24 kg/ha inhibited photosynthesis as early as 12 days. Total photosynthesis and dark respiration were also measured in whole plants, 30 cm tall, before herbicide application and 4, 24, 48, and 96 h after postemergence treatment with buthidazole at 0, 0.28, 0.56, 0.84, and 1.12 kg/ha. Following postemergence treatment, buthidazole inhibited total corn photosynthesis at any rate examined as early as 4 h after treatment. Neither pre- or postemergence buthidazole applications influenced respiration with the exception of a transitory increase caused by 0.56 kg/ha 12 days after preemergence treatment and by 0.84 and 1.12 kg/ha 4 h after postemergence treatment. Transmission electron micrographs revealed that buthidazole applied postemergence at 0.28 and 1.12 kg/ha reduced or prevented the accumulation of starch in bundle sheath chloroplasts as early as 24 h after treatment. Ultrastructural disruptions in some mesophyll chloroplasts of treated corn plants were also evident. Preemergence application of buthidazole at rates of 0.28, 0.42, 0.56, and 1.12 kg/ha inhibited anthocyanin formation indicating an alteration in corn metabolism.

Efficacy Comparisons of Alachlor and Metolachlor Formulations in the Field

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines ◽  
Kriton K. Hatzios ◽  
J. Peyton Doub
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soybean Straw

In field studies conducted in 1984, 1985, and 1986, annual grass control by a microencapsulated (ME) formulation of alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] generally was greater than that by the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) in no-till and was comparable to EC-alachlor in conventionally tilled corn (Zea maysL.) and soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. In 1986, ME-metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] controlled annual grass similar to EC-metolachlor. In greenhouse studies, shoot height and fresh weight of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. # ECHCG] sown in pots and treated with ME-alachlor was significantly greater than that treated with EC-alachlor. Soybean straw on the soil surface did not affect the differences between alachlor formulations in the greenhouse.

scholarly journals PENDUGAAN DEFISIT DAN SURPLUS AIR UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS L.) DI KABUPATEN GORONTALO DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SIMULASI NERACA AIR

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Yunnita Rahim ◽  
Johannes E. X. Rogi ◽  
Samuel D. Runtunuwu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Plants

This study aims to apply the water balance simulation model developed by Handoko (1992) for estimating the deficit and surp4lus water for the development of corn plants in the province of Gorontalo. This study was implemented from April to August 2014 in the District of Gorontalo. The study metods included field studies and modeling of water balance using a simulation model by Handoko (1992). The results showed that the period of water deficit was found in August and September where rainfall (Ch) is smaller than potential evapotranspiration (ETP) whereas periods of surplus water in the district of Gorontalo found in January to July and October to December where rainfall (Ch) exceeds potential evepotranspiration (ETP).

Effects of Safener CGA-154281 on Metolachlor/Atrazine Injury to Corn (Zea mays)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester L. Foy ◽  
Harold L. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Vigorous Seed ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Crop Stand ◽  
Significant Injury

Three seed lots each of two varieties of field corn were compared in greenhouse and field studies. Cold test germination percentages of the seed lots were as follows: 79, 85, and 93% for ‘DK656’; 77, 84, and 91% for ‘T1100’. Tank mixes of metolachlor or metolachlor with safener CGA-154281 plus atrazine or formulated metolachlor/atrazine with and without the safener were applied preemergence. Crop stand of either variety or among seed lots within a variety was not affected by herbicide treatments. In the greenhouse, fewer corn plants were injured and growth of plants was greater with herbicides with safener than herbicides without safener. Plant heights and weights at harvest from the most vigorous seed lot of DK656 were higher than those of the other two seed lots. Herbicide treatments with the safener did not cause significant injury to corn in the field. Yields of both varieties increased with herbicide treatments in one conventional planting. No significant differences in injury or yields occurred among seed lots within varieties.

Soybeans (Glycine max) as a Rescue Crop Following Cyanazine and Procyazine Application

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Brewer ◽  
F. W. Slife
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Visible Injury

Field studies were conducted in 1975 and 1976 at Urbana, Illinois, to evaluate soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Amsoy 71′] as a potential rescue crop following the use of cyanazine{2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazin-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropionitrile} and procyazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(cyclopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile} with corn (Zea maysL.). Preplant incorporated and preemergence applications of each herbicide were made at the recommended broadcast rates to Dana and Flanagan silt loams. Corn was removed and soybeans were planted 7, 13, and 21 days (1975) or 10, 15, and 23 days (1976) following herbicide application. Visual injury ratings, stands, and yields for soybeans were determined. In spite of varying degrees of visible injury and stand reductions, yields were not reduced significantly when soybeans were planted 3 weeks after cyanazine or procyazine application.

scholarly journals CONTROLE QUÍMICO DE MILHO RESISTENTE AO GLYPHOSATE PROVENIENTE DE DIFERENTES HÍBRIDOS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
LUCAS BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
GUILHERME BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
SERGIO DE OLIVEIRA PROCÓPIO ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA SILVA ◽  
ANTONIO JOAQUIM BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Chemical Management ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Corn Plants

 RESUMO – As plantas voluntárias de milho podem causar perdas quando em convivência com outras culturas, tornando-se necessário proceder seu controle. Neste sentido, diferentes estratégias podem ser utilizadas, destacando-se o manejo químico. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a suscetibilidade de híbridos de milho RR® ao controle químico com aplicação de herbicidas em pós-emergência. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, utilizando-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. Na parcela principal foram avaliados oito tratamentos compostos pela aplicação de clethodim + glyphosate, quizalofop-p-ethyl + glyphosate, clodinafop + glyphosate, imazethapyr + glyphosate, [imazamox + bentazon] + glyphosate, cloransulan + glyphosate, glyphosate e testemunha sem aplicação. Nas subparcelas foram semeados nove híbridos de milho RR®. Tratamentos contendo [imazamox + bentazon] ou cloransulan não foram eficientes no controle de plantas de milho RR® em estádio V6. O imazethapyr associado ao glyphosate foi eficiente no controle de plantas de milho dos híbridos DKB390, SYN7025 e CD384, os quais mostram maior suscetibilidade a esse herbicida em comparação aos demais híbridos. Plantas provenientes de todos os híbridos avaliados, no estádio V6, podem ser totalmente controladas com a aplicação dos herbicidas quizalofop-p-ethyl, clodinafop e clethodim, contudo, clethodim apresentou ação mais lenta.Palavras-chave: herbicidas, plantas voluntárias, pós-emergência, Zea mays. CHEMICAL CONTROL IN DIFFERENT GLYPHOSATE RESISTANT MAIZE HYBRIDS  ABSTRACT – Volunteer corn plants can cause high losses when in coexistence with other crops, making necessary its control. In this sense, different strategies can be used, emphasizing the chemical management. The objective of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility of RR® corn hybrids to chemical control with post-emergence herbicides. The experiment was carried out at field, using a randomized complete block design in a split plots scheme, with four replications. In the main plot, eight treatments were evaluated using clethodim + glyphosate, quizalofop-p-ethyl + glyphosate, clodinafop + glyphosate, imazethapyr + glyphosate, [imazamox + bentazon] + glyphosate, cloransulan + glyphosate, glyphosate, and a control without herbicide application. In the subplots, nine RR® corn hybrids were sown. Treatments with [imazamox + bentazon] and cloransulan were not efficient in the control of RR® corn plants at V6 stage. The imazethapyr treatment associated to glyphosate was efficient in controlling the corn hybrids DKB390, SYN7025, and CD384, which showed greater susceptibility to this herbicide compared to the other hybrids evaluated. Plants of all evaluated hybrids can be controlled at V6 with the application of quizalofop-p-ethyl, clodinafop, and clethodim, however, clethodim presented slower action.Keywords: herbicides, volunteer plants, post-emergence, Zea mays. 

Effect of Soil pH on Imazaquin and Imazethapyr Adsorption to Soil and Phytotoxicity to Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Renner ◽  
W. F. Meggitt ◽  
D. Penner
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Pyridinecarboxylic Acid ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Quinolinecarboxylic Acid

Adsorption of14C-imazaquin {2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid} and imazethapyr [2-(4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid] to soil increased as soil pH decreased from 8.0 to 3.0 in laboratory studies. Significantly more imazethapyr3(AC-263,499) than imazaquin was adsorbed at soil pH levels 3.0 and 5.5, while the greatest difference in adsorption behavior between the two herbicides was observed at a soil pH of 5.5. In greenhouse studies, phytotoxicity to corn (Zea maysL.) was greater for imazaquin than AC-263,499 applied at 26 and 53 g ai/ha. There were significant pH by herbicide and pH by rate interactions, but in trend analysis only a small proportion of the corn response (r2= 0.01 to 0.35) was attributed to increasing soil pH values. In field studies where imazaquin was applied to soil pH levels of 4.2 to 4.8, 5.4 to 5.5, and 5.8 to 6.2, injury to corn across all pH levels decreased as the time delay between herbicide application and corn planting increased. There was no significant effect of soil pH on imazaquin injury to corn planted in July or August. Decreased injury from imazaquin was observed in 1985 on corn planted in June on the soil pH of 5.8 to 6.2. Imazaquin injury was less for June-planted corn in 1984 than in 1985, across all soil pH levels.

Application Timing and Corn (Zea mays) Residue Effects on Weed Control from Metribuzin plus Metolachlor

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz K. Koppatschek ◽  
Rex A. Liebl ◽  
Fred W. Slife
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Corn Residue ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field and laboratory studies were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to determine the effect of herbicide application timing and level of corn residue on metribuzin plus metolachlor for weed control in soybean. Herbicides were applied early preplant (35 days before planting), sequentially (early preplant and preemergence), or preemergence. Giant foxtail control was better with sequential application than early preplant herbicide application in both years. Control of velvetleaf, smooth pigweed, and jimsonweed was independent of application timing, except in 1986, when jimsonweed control was less from herbicides applied early preplant compared to sequentially. Metribuzin reaching the soil was less when applied to high levels of corn residue compared to low residue levels. However, corn residue level had no effect on weed control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document