Sorbitol non-fermenting shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coliin cattle on smallholdings

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. ISLAM ◽  
J. P. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
P. K. BISWAS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYWe investigated faecal samples collected from the rectum of 518 cattle on 371 randomly selected smallholdings in Bangladesh for the presence of sorbitol non-fermenting (SN-F) shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC). The SN-F isolates were tested for the presence ofrfbO157,stx1, stx2, eaeandhlyAgenes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Seven SN-F isolates lacking these genes were profiled by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to verify their clonality. SN-FE. coliwas identified in 44 [8·5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6·4–11·2] samples; of these, 28 (5·4%, 95% CI 3·8–7·7) had shiga toxin-producing strains, although only two carried therfbO157 gene. Thirteen isolates carried thehlyAgene while 18 harboured theeaegene. Based on PFGE, six pulsotypes were observed among the seven isolates that had no virulence genes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on shiga toxin-producingE. colifrom direct rectal faecal samples of cattle on smallholdings.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics ofEscherichia coilserotype O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producingE. coliin healthy cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Blanco ◽  
J. E. Blanco ◽  
J. Blanco ◽  
E. A. Gonzalez ◽  
A. Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SummaryFrom February to July of 1994, 328 faecal samples from 32 herds were collected and verotoxin-producingEscherichia coli(VTEC) found on 84% of the farms. The proportion of animals infected varied from 0–63%. VTEC were recovered from 52 (20%) of 257 cows and from 16 (23%) of 71 calves. Although the VTEC belonged to 25 different serogroups, 7 (O8. O20, O22, O77, O113, O126 and O162) accounted for 46% of strains. Nearly 45% of the 83 bovine VTEC strains belonged to serogroups associated with haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraernic syndrome in humans. However, only 2 (2%) of 83 VTEC strains isolated from cattle belonged to enterohaemorrhagicE. coli(EHEC) serotypes (O26:H11 and O157:H7), and only 8 (10%) were positive for the attaching and effacingE. coli (eae)gene sequence. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that 17 (20%) of VTEC strains carried VT1 genes. 43 (52%) possessed VT2 genes, and 23 (28%) carried both VT1 and VT2 genes. Characterization of VTEC isolates revelated a heterogeneous population in terms of serogroup and toxin type in the positive herds. This study confirms that healthy cattle are a reservoir of VTEC, but, the absence ofeaegenes in most bovine VTEC strains suggests that they may be less virulent for humans thaneae-positive EHEC.

scholarly journals Fallow Deer (Dama dama) as a Reservoir of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Anna Szczerba-Turek ◽  
Bernard Kordas
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia (E.) coli (STEC) are responsible for the outbreaks of serious diseases in humans. Only a few reports on fallow deer as a reservoir of foodborne pathogens have been published to date. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of STEC strains in the fallow deer population in Poland. In all, 94 fallow deer swabs were tested. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the virulence profile of stx1, stx2 and eae or aggR genes, to identify the subtypes of stx1 and stx2 genes and to perform O and H serotyping. STEC and attaching and effacing (AE)-STEC were identified in 13 isolates (13.83%). The most hazardous virulence profile was detected in three strains, namely stx2d serotype O103:HNM, eae/stx1a serotype O26:HNM and eae/stx1a serotype O157:H7. The predominant stx gene was stx2, which was identified in 76.92% of isolates. E. coli O157 was detected in 4/94 (4.26%). Other E. coli serogroups, O26, O103, O111 and O145, were identified in 14/94 fallow deer (14.89%). The present findings suggest that fallow deer are carriers of STEC/AE-STEC that are potentially pathogenic to humans.

scholarly journals Verotoxins in commensal Escherichia coli in cattle: the effect of injectable subcutaneous oxytetracycline in addition to in-feed chlortetracycline on prevalence

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. O'CONNOR ◽  
K. A. ZIEBELL ◽  
C. POPPE ◽  
S. A. McEWEN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Using a self-paired observational study, the association between therapeutic oxytetracycline use and the prevalence of virulence genes in commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) from cattle was examined. Faeces were collected from 39 yearling bulls prior to and after treatment with oxytetracycline and from 44 untreated animals. Between samplings all animals received in-feed chlortetracycline for 16 days. Five E. coli were isolated from each sample and tested by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) capable of detecting all verotoxin (vt) genes. Positive isolates were further tested with a multiplex PCR to detect vt1, vt2, eaeA and hlyA. For vt, 23 animals were positive at both samplings, 26 negative at both samplings, 22 negative animals became positive and 12 positive animals became negative. Sixty-eight per cent of the discordant pairs changed from vt-negative to vt-positive (95% CI 48–80) suggesting pressure toward becoming vt-positive perhaps due to the transfer of genes due to mixing of cattle in the months between samplings or an effect of chlortetracycline.

Detection of Viable Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Quantitative Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. LI ◽  
M. A. DRAKE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

With the use of Escherichia coli O157:H7 as a model, a procedure for the quantitative detection of viable Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC) in broth and cooked ground beef enrichments with multiple–time point quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) was developed. The A subunit (a 401-bp fragment) of the stx2 gene was chosen as a target sequence. Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) was used to isolate and concentrate cells from ground beef enrichments. Cell viability was confirmed on the basis of the quantitative increase in the signal of target bands from QC-PCR across multiple time points. The application of IMS increased detection limits relative to those for QC-PCR without IMS. E. coli O157:H7 inoculated at 0.20 CFU/g of cooked ground beef (25 g of ground beef plus 225 ml of Bacto modified EC medium plus novobiocin) was detected and confirmed to be viable in <15 h. A DNA-based molecular approach can be used to determine cell viability.

scholarly journals Diverse Escherichia coli pathovars of phylogroups B2 and D isolated from animals in Tunisia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (07) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajer Kilani ◽  
Mohamed Salah Abbassi ◽  
Sana Ferjani ◽  
Rakia Ben Salem ◽  
Riadh Mansouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Relationship Of

Introduction: The virulent Escherichia coli strains responsible for extraintestinal infections were mainly belonged to B2 and D phylogroups. However, no past studies have determinate via the presence of virulence genes the frequency of E. coli pathovars recovered from animals housed in farms in Tunisia. The aims of this study were to investigate 26 E. coli isolated from healthy and diarrheic animals and to determinate via the presence of virulence genes the frequency of pathovars. Methodology: Twenty-six E. coli isolates of phylogroups B2 (n = 14), B22 (n = 9), B23 (n = 5), and D2 (n = 12) were characterized. Genes encoding virulence factors (fimH,eaeA,aggC,papC, papG allele III, hlyA, east1, cnf1, exhA,stx1, stx2, iutA, fyuA, ibeA,and ipaH), and antibiotic resistance as well as class 1 and 2 integrons were searched by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genetic relationship of isolates was done by PFGE. Results: According to the occurrence of specific genes the 26 isolates were classified as:9 EAEC, 2 EHEC, 4 UPEC, 3 EPEC/EHEC and 1 NTEC. Therefore, 2 Ex-PEC and 5 APEC were presented amongst our strains. Some isolates (12) were clonal and the remaining was unrelated. Conclusions: Higher diversity of pathovars which carried diverse combinations of virulence genes in healthy isolates. In addition, it seems that the infections were caused by different mechanisms.

Use of virulence determinants and seropathotypes to distinguish high- and low-riskEscherichia coliO157 and non-O157 isolates from Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. ANJUM ◽  
E. JONES ◽  
V. MORRISON ◽  
R. TOZZOLI ◽  
S. MORABITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Production Strain

SUMMARYThe presence of 10 virulence genes was examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 365 European O157 and non-O157Escherichia coliisolates associated with verotoxin production. Strain-specific PCR data were analysed using hierarchical clustering. The resulting dendrogram clearly separated O157 from non-O157 strains. The former clustered typical high-risk seropathotype (SPT) A strains from all regions, including Sweden and Spain, which were homogenous by Cramer'sVstatistic, and strains with less typical O157 features mostly from Hungary. The non-O157 strains divided into a high-risk SPTB harbouring O26, O111 and O103 strains, a group pathogenic to pigs, and a group with few virulence genes other than for verotoxin. The data demonstrate SPT designation and selected PCR separated verotoxigenicE. coliof high and low risk to humans; although more virulence genes or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis will need to be included to separate high-risk strains further for epidemiological tracing.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Avian PathogenicEscherichia coli(APEC) Clone HarboringsfaGene in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terezinha Knöbl ◽  
Andrea Micke Moreno ◽  
Renata Paixão ◽  
Tânia Aparecida Tardelli Gomes ◽  
Mônica Aparecida Midolli Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Escherichia coli sfa+ strains isolated from poultry were serotyped and characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Isolates collected from 12 Brazilian poultry farms mostly belonged to serogroup O6, followed by serogroups O2, O8, O21, O46, O78, O88, O106, O111, and O143. Virulence genes associated were:iuc90%,fim86%neuS60%,hly34%,tsh28%,crl/csg26%,iss26%,pap18%, and 14%cnf. Strains from the same farm presented more than one genotypic pattern belonging to different profiles in AFLP. AFLP showed a clonal relation betweenEscherichia coli sfa+ serogroup O6. The virulence genes found in these strains reveal some similarity with extraintestinalE. coli(ExPEC), thus alerting for potential zoonotic risk.

scholarly journals Diversity and relatedness of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coliandCampylobacter jejunibetween farms in a dairy catchment

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (7) ◽  
pp. 1406-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. IRSHAD ◽  
A. L. COOKSON ◽  
C. M. ROSS ◽  
P. JAROS ◽  
D. J. PRATTLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sequence Types

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to examine the population structure, transmission and spatial relationship between genotypes of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) andCampylobacter jejuni, on 20 dairy farms in a defined catchment. Pooled faecal samples (n= 72) obtained from 288 calves were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) forE. coliserotypes O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157. The number of samples positive forE. coliO26 (30/72) was high compared toE. coliO103 (7/72), O145 (3/72), O157 (2/72) and O111 (0/72). EighteenE. coliO26 and 53C. jejuniisolates were recovered from samples by bacterial culture.E. coliO26 andC. jejuniisolates were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing, respectively. AllE. coliO26 isolates could be divided into four clusters and the results indicated thatE. coliO26 isolates recovered from calves on the same farm were more similar than isolates recovered from different farms in the catchment. There were 11 different sequence types ofC. jejuniisolated from the cattle and 22 from water. An analysis of the population structure ofC. jejuniisolated from cattle provided evidence of clustering of genotypes within farms, and among groups of farms separated by road boundaries.

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