Uncommon aetiological agents of catheter-related bloodstream infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. REIGADAS ◽  
M. RODRÍGUEZ-CRÉIXEMS ◽  
C. SÁNCHEZ-CARRILLO ◽  
P. MARTÍN-RABADÁN ◽  
E. BOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThe clinical and microbiological characteristics of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) due to uncommon microorganisms was assessed in a retrospective case-control study over a 9-year period in a tertiary teaching hospital. Uncommon microorganisms were defined as those representing <0·5% of all CR-BSI. Diagnosis of CR-BSI required that the same microorganism was grown from at least one peripheral venous blood culture and a catheter tip culture. Thirty-one episodes of CR-BSI were identified due to 13 different genera and these accounted for 2·3% of all CR-BSI in the hospital. Although these infections were not associated with increased mortality, they occurred in patients with more severe underlying conditions who were receiving prolonged antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Arbo-Score: A Rapid Score for Early Identification of Patients with Imported Arbovirosis Caused by Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Iacopo Vellere ◽  
Filippo Lagi ◽  
Michele Spinicci ◽  
Antonia Mantella ◽  
Elisabetta Mantengoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Cutaneous Rash ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Local Transmission ◽  
Control Study

Background: Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and Zika (ZIKV) viruses present significant clinical and epidemiological overlap, making an accurate and rapid diagnosis challenging. Timely activation of preventive vector control measures is crucial to avoid outbreaks in non-endemic settings. Diagnosis is based on combination of serological and molecular assays which could be time consuming and sometimes disappointing. Methods: We report the results of a retrospective case-control study carried out at a tertiary teaching hospital in Italy, including all febrile subjects returning from tropical countries during the period 2014–2019. Controls were travelers with other febrile illnesses who tested negative in laboratory analysis for CHIKV, DENV, ZIKV arbovirosis. A score weighted on the regression coefficients for the independent predictors was generated. Results: Ninety patients were identified: 34 cases (22 DENV, 4 CHIKV, and 8 ZIKV) and 56 controls. According to our results, myalgia, cutaneous rash, absence of respiratory symptoms, leukopenia, and hypertransaminasemia showed the strongest association with arbovirosis. Combining these variables, we generated a scoring model that showed an excellent performance (AUC 0.93). The best cut-off (>=2) presented a sensitivity of 82.35% and specificity of 96.43%. Conclusion: A handy and simple score, based on three clinical data (myalgia, cutaneous rash and absence of respiratory symptoms) and two laboratory results (leukopenia and hypertransaminasemia), provides a useful tool to help diagnose arboviral infections and appropriately activate vector control measures in order to avoid local transmission.

Delivery characteristics in pregnancies with stillbirth: a retrospective case-control study from a tertiary teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pekkola ◽  
Minna Tikkanen ◽  
Mika Gissler ◽  
Mikko Loukovaara ◽  
Jorma Paavonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives We compared delivery characteristics and outcome of women with stillbirth to those with live birth. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study from Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. The study population comprised 214 antepartum singleton stillbirths during 2003–2015. Two age-adjusted controls giving live birth in the same year at the same institution were chosen for each case from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Delivery characteristics and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the cases and controls, adjusted for gestational age. Results Labor induction was more common (86.0 vs. 22.0%, p<0.001, gestational age adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 35.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12.37–100.45) and cesarean sections less frequent (9.3 vs 28.7%, p<0.001, aOR 0.21, 95% CI 0.10–0.47) among women with stillbirth. Duration of labor was significantly shorter among the cases (first stage 240.0 min [115.0–365.0 min] vs. 412.5 min [251.0–574.0 min], p<0.001; second stage 8.0 min [0.0–16.0 min] vs. 15.0 min [4.0–26.0 min], p<0.001). Placental abruption was more common in pregnancies with stillbirth (15.0 vs. 0.9%, p<0.001, aOR 8.52, 95% CI 2.51–28.94) and blood transfusion was needed more often (10.7 vs. 4.4%, p=0.002, aOR 6.5, 95% CI 2.10–20.13). The rates of serious maternal complications were low. Conclusions Most women with stillbirth delivered vaginally without obstetric complications. The duration of labor was shorter in pregnancies with stillbirth but the risk for postpartum interventions and bleeding complications was higher compared to those with live birth.

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Balance Impairment and Factors Associated with Balance among Patients with Stroke. A Cross Sectional Retrospective Case Control Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Fayaz Khan ◽  
Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, and balance impairments are common disabling factors in patients with stroke, leading to falls. Thus, the study objectives were as follows: (i) To find the prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke. (ii) To find out the factors associated with balance impairment in patients with stroke. This cross-sectional retrospective case control study involved eighty-one post stroke patients with a mean age of 58.36 ± 14.06, recruited from six hospitals, who underwent an assessment of balance, walking speed, depression and isometric strength of the ankle and knee. These patients were later categorized into subjects with good balance (<45) in the Berg balance scale (BBS) and those with poor balance (≥45), as cases and controls, to assess the factors associated with balance impairment using binary logistic regression. The prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke was 48.1%. The reduction in power of knee flexors (OR = 0.858), knee extensors (OR = 0.880) and ankle dorsiflexors (OR = 0.820) was found to be significantly associated with balance impairment, along with speed (OR = 1.187 (95% CI = 1.100, 1.280)), depression (OR = 1.331 (95% CI = 1.055–1.679)) and activities of daily living (OR = 0.313 (95% CI = 0.150–0.650)). In summary, around half of the patients with stroke exhibited balance impairments, with females being more prone.

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