Impact of the harsh Antarctic environment on mucosal immunity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Brij Bhushan ◽  
Himanshi Tanwar ◽  
Malleswara Rao Eslavath ◽  
Shashi Bala Singh ◽  
Bhuvnesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Salivary Iga ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Antarctic Environment

Abstract Mucosal immunity of Indian Antarctic personnel was analysed during the 34th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica (ISEA) by ship voyage. Serum and salivary IgA, IgA1 and IgA2 levels along with salivary cortisol and TGF-β were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Samples were collected at three different time points (T1, T2 and T3) during the expedition. Serum and salivary IgA, IgA1 and IgA2 concentrations incrementally increased towards the end of the expedition as compared to the beginning of the expedition. Salivary IgA and TGF-β levels were significantly altered during the expedition. Levels of IgA1 (P = 0.0007) and IgA2 (P = 0.0135) increased significantly at T3 as compared to T1. Additionally, significant changes in serum IgA were observed, with peak levels at T3 (P = 0.0015) and T2 (P < 0.001). However, the level of serum IgA2 was also significantly altered at T3 (P < 0.05) and T2 (P = 0.0006) in comparison with T1. The exact cause of the changes in serum and salivary IgA, IgA1, IgA2 and TGF-β levels during the summer expedition are unknown; however, the changes are evident in mucosal immunity.

scholarly journals Salivary Immunoglobulins in Individuals with Common Variable Immunodeficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Sá Fernandes ◽  
Michella Bezerra Lima ◽  
Cíntia de Paula Martins ◽  
Maria Cristina dos-Santos ◽  
Fabio Daumas Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Common Variable Immunodeficiency ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salivary Iga ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Immunoglobulin Levels ◽  
Common Variable

Abstract Oral manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are rare, have rarely been studied and have given controversial results. There are few data about IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody salivary levels in the literature, and there are few papers about the clinical impact of antibody deficiencies and CVID on the oral health of such patients. The aim of this study was to measure serum and salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in CVID participants and controls, and to associate immunoglobulin levels with caries and periodontal disease. This was a case-control study involving 51 CVID individuals and 50 healthy controls. All participants underwent examination for dental caries and periodontal disease. Blood and whole saliva samples were collected on the same day of the oral examination. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were measured by turbidimetry and salivary IgA, IgM, and IgG titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Incidences of caries and gingivitis were significantly higher in the CVID group than in the control group (p<0.05). Salivary and blood IgA and IgM titers were significantly reduced in the CVID group, but there was no association of salivary immunoglobulin levels with periodontal disease or with caries incidence (p>0.05 for both). Although CVID was associated with increased susceptibility to caries and gingivitis, it was not associated with low salivary levels of IgA and IgM.

Assessment of Circadian Rhythm of Salivary Cortisol in the Childhood of Preterm Infants by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieko Shimada ◽  
Kiyohisa Takahashi ◽  
Masaaki Sasajima ◽  
Masaya Segawa ◽  
Makoto Higurashi
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

scholarly journals Kinetics and Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Quantitative Western Blot Analysis and Antigen-Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Experimental Canine Leishmaniasis

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Talmi-Frank ◽  
D. Strauss-Ayali ◽  
C. L. Jaffe ◽  
G. Baneth
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Western Blot Analysis ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Experimental Canine

ABSTRACT Quantitative computerized Western blot analysis of antibody responses during experimental canine Leishmania infantum infection distinguished between immunodominant and nonimmunodominant protein bands. Six infected beagles, positive by both PCR and parasite culture, were monitored over 75 weeks postinfection and during a 12-week allopurinol treatment course. All dogs were symptomatic at the time of treatment. Of 12 antigenic bands examined, the immunodominant bands (12, 14, 24, 29, 48, and 68 kDa) showed significantly increased intensities (P < 0.01) and higher frequencies of recognition than the nonimmunodominant bands at all time points. Detection of the former bands at 6 weeks postinfection preceded seroconversion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) both on crude Leishmania antigen or the recombinant proteins rK39 and HSP70. Reactivity with the 14-, 48-, and 68-kDa bands signified early infection, whereas increased reactivity with the 14-, 24-, and 29-kDa bands was associated with posttreatment parasite persistence and potential unfavorable prognosis. Total lane intensity (TLI) emerged as a sensitive marker for early infection and increased as early as 4 weeks postinfection. TLI had a significantly higher (P < 0.01) relative increase rate than crude Leishmania antigen or HSP70 or rK39 ELISA at all time points. These immunodominant antigens and TLI, as determined by quantitative Western blotting, will be valuable for early detection and treatment evaluation of canine leishmaniasis.

HEALTH-RELATED LIFESTYLE AND PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR RELATED TO HEALTH EFFECTS OF LEISURE TRAVEL

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Toda ◽  
Hiroaki Makino ◽  
Hidetoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Kanehisa Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Leisure Travel ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior

Whether or not leisure travel might have positive effects on personal health was investigated. During a short leisure trip, saliva samples were collected from 40 females. Levels of salivary cortisol and chromogranin A (CgA) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To quantitatively evaluate the health-related lifestyle and the patterns of behavior of the subjects, we also administered written questionnaires. For samples taken during the trip, there was a significant increase in the levels of CgA. Meanwhile, there was a significant increase in the levels of cortisol after the tour. These tendencies were more pronounced in individuals who scored well for health-related lifestyle. These findings suggest that the effects of travel were more beneficial for persons with positive characteristics related to health-related lifestyle.

Biotin-avidin amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of canine serum IgA, IgG and IgM

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J Ginel ◽  
J.M Margarito ◽  
J.M Molleda ◽  
R López ◽  
M Novales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Canine Serum

scholarly journals Faecal IgA concentration is influenced by age in dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S183-S186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Zaine ◽  
Chayanne Ferreira ◽  
Marcia de O. S. Gomes ◽  
Mariana Monti ◽  
Leticia Tortola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Intestinal Secretion ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Salivary Iga ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Elisa Data

Data comparing age-related alterations in faecal IgA concentrations of dogs are not available in the literature. The present study aimed to compare the faecal concentrations of IgA in puppies, mature and senior dogs. A total of twenty-four beagle dogs were used, including eight puppies (5 months old, four females and four males), eight mature (4·6 years old, eight males) and eight senior dogs (10·6 years old, three males and five females). Fresh faecal samples were collected from each dog for three consecutive days and pooled by animal. After saline extraction, IgA content was measured by ELISA. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA, and means were compared with Tukey's test (P < 0·05). Results showed that puppies have lower faecal IgA concentrations than mature dogs (P < 0·05); senior animals presented intermediary results. The reduced faecal IgA concentration in puppies is consistent with the reduced serum and salivary IgA concentrations reported previously, suggesting a reduced mucosal immunity in this age group. Although some studies have found an increased serum IgA concentration in older dogs, this may differ from the intestinal secretion of IgA, which appears to be lower in some senior animals (four of the eight dogs studied).

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