Changing dynamics in problematic personality: A multiwave longitudinal study of the relationship between shyness and aggressiveness from childhood to early adulthood

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1083-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roos Hutteman ◽  
Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽  
Jens B. Asendorpf ◽  
Marcel A. G. van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Cascade Effect ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cascade Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Part Time Work

AbstractThe present longitudinal study investigated cascade effects linking the longitudinal trajectories of shyness and aggressiveness between age 4 and 23 and individual differences in this longitudinal relationship. Results demonstrated that there were cascade effects from shyness to adjacent measures of aggressiveness at three moments in time, and that the dynamics of these relationships changed over time. Children who were shy at age 6 became less aggressive at age 7 and the same effect was found between age 8 and age 10. From adolescence to early adulthood, the direction of the relationship changed and shy adolescents at age 17 became increasingly aggressive 5 years later. Interindividual differences were found in the latter cascade effect in that shyness at age 17 only predicted an increase in aggressiveness at age 23 for adolescents receiving low levels of support from their parents and for adolescents spending little time in part-time work. Together, findings suggest the importance of examining the development of normal variations in personality and personality disorders from a developmental perspective and taking into account person–environment interactions.

scholarly journals Politicising Women’s Part-Time Work in Norway: A Longitudinal Study of Ideas

2019 ◽  
pp. 095001701882127
Author(s):  
Anne Lise Ellingsæter ◽  
Ragnhild Steen Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Negative impact of part-time work on adolescent adjustment: Evidence from a longitudinal study.

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Steinberg ◽  
Suzanne Fegley ◽  
Sanford M. Dornbusch
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Adolescent Adjustment ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Exploiting students’ part-time work to enhance learning, teaching and assessment

2020 ◽  
pp. 095042222093018
Author(s):  
Carl Evans
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
University Lecturers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Part Time Work

This article highlights an opportunity for teaching staff in universities to utilise students’ part-time work experience to enhance learning, teaching and assessment activities. Increasing numbers of university students are working part-time while studying and, as a consequence, there have been several academic studies highlighting the adverse impact of this practice on academic performance. This has led to suggestions for changes in educational policy, seeking either to reduce students’ term-time working or to eliminate it altogether. With a gearing to business management education, this viewpoint piece provides an argument for university lecturers to embrace students’ part-time work experience and use it to enhance the learning, teaching and assessment experience. The use of students’ own work experience extends the case study method, which is common in business teaching, to give greater control and therefore reassurance to students and so yield deeper learning. The approach also strengthens the relationship between higher education and industry in that it connects more cohesively students’ work experience and university study.

scholarly journals Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and intention to leave: A comparative analysis between part-time and full-time faculties

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Pep Simo ◽  
Jose M Sallan ◽  
Vicenç Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Time Faculty ◽  
Part Time Work

The importance of part-time work has been growing in recent years, due to its significant increase in today's societies, and higher education institutions have not been alien to this trend. The present research tries to study the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction with the intention to leave the institution, comparing part-time and full-time faculty. An empirical research, grounded in the model proposed by Currivan (1999), has been undertaken, with a sample of faculty of ETSEIAT, a college of the Technical University of Catalonia. Results show the existence of the relationships with organizational commitment, job satisfaction and intention to leave predicted in the literature, and significant differences in job satisfaction and organizational commitment between part-time and full-time faculty. The paper ends with some proposals of further research.

Dilettantismus oder „Nebenwerk“?

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-499
Author(s):  
Martin Mulsow
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Part Time Work

Dilettantism or “Nebenwerk”? A Gotha Proposal on the Position of Science at the Courts in the Late 18th Century This essay discusses the contents of a presumably collective program that Gotha intellectuals published in 1776. In the text under study, “Von der spielenden Gelehrsamkeit”, they seek to legitimate their scientific and scholarly part-time work in addition to their employment as court officials or professionals in the ducal residence. The text is polyphonious and seems to be based on compromises between different authors. Accordingly, it does not present a consistent argument. For the historian, the consistency of the text is less relevant than what it reveals about the precarious status of part-time science and how it was viewed by contemporaries. The authors of the proposal argue that a self-confident form of patriotism – a patriotism that is related to the princely territory – and the emphasis on practical applications could help to prevent science and scholarship from sliding into pedantic specialization. For the authors, however, this did not mean rejecting the micrology, the collection of seemingly insignificant individual observations. On the contrary: micrology should be possible precisely because the part-time scholars – through their work for the principality at court – would never lose sight of the big picture. In the previous research discussion about the role of dilettantism in the genesis of science, the question of the relationship between the main activity at court and the secondary activity, the Nebenwerk, as a scientist has so far been neglected. The text under discussion therefore throws an important light on the coupling attempts that have been made here between different social subsystems.

scholarly journals Part-time work and non-school activities while in high school: Is there a threshold effect on achievement?

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Weir ◽  
Luanna H. Meyer ◽  
John McClure ◽  
Damian O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Positive Data ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Part Time Work

Student involvement in extracurricular activities including sport and part-time work is considered to have an influence on achievement, yet there are conflicting views on whether the effect is negative or positive. Data were collected from 2,257 secondary students to investigate the relationship of different participation patterns with grade averages. Results reveal higher grades for students reporting 5-20 hours of total extracurricular activities including part-time work. In contrast, fewer than 5 and more than 20 hours weekly spent in combined extracurricular activities were associated with lowerachievement. Implications for educators and parents are discussed.

scholarly journals How does engagement in society in adolescence affect educational attainment and employment in early adulthood: A prospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249312
Author(s):  
Vivi Just-Noerregaard ◽  
Johan Hviid Andersen ◽  
Ellen Aagaard Nohr ◽  
Jesper Medom Vestergaard ◽  
Trine Nohr Winding
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Introduction Educational attainment and employment are essential for young people to develop the skills needed to participate in society and maintain a stable connection to the labour market in adult life. The objective of this study was to examine associations between engagement in society, measured by leisure time activities and part-time work in mid and late adolescence and educational attainment and employment in early adulthood. Method A cohort of Danish young people born in 1989 was followed in a prospective study with questionnaires in 2004 (n = 3,054) and 2007 (n = 2,400) where information on leisure time activities and part-time work was collected. Information on connection to education and work was collected from a register of social benefits when participants were 25–29 years old and divided into high and low connection. The associations were examined using logistic regression and stratified by gender and childhood socioeconomic groups. Results Part-time work was, both in mid (OR: 1.7 [95% CI 1.3; 2.2]) and late (1.9 [1.4;2.6]) adolescence, positively associated with connection to education and work. Leisure time activities in mid adolescence were associated with connection to education and work (OR:1.6 [1.2;2.1]). Among men engagement in society showed strongest associations with later connection to education or work in mid adolescence (ORs up to 2.2), whereas the associations for women seemed strongest in late adolescence (ORs up to 2.8). Conclusion The study showed that adolescent engagement in society had positive associations with later educational attainment and employment, with stronger impact of part-time work compared to leisure time activities. The study identified differences between genders and the timing of engagement. Associations were consistent across socioeconomic groups.

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