Observed temperament from ages 6 to 36 months predicts parent- and teacher-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in first grade

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Willoughby ◽  
Nisha C. Gottfredson ◽  
Cynthia A. Stifter ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Latent Profile Analyses ◽  
Teacher Reports ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Family Life Project

AbstractThis study tested the prospective association between observational indicators of temperament, which were obtained across multiple assessments when children were 6–36 months of age, and parent and teacher reports of children's attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors, when children were in first grade. Data were drawn from the Family Life Project and included 1,074 children for whom temperament and either parent- or teacher-reported ADHD behavioral data were available. The results of variable-centered regression models indicated that individual differences in temperament regulation, but not temperamental reactivity, was uniquely predictive of parent- and teacher-reported ADHD behaviors. Latent profile analyses were used to characterize configurations of temperamental reactivity and regulation. Person-centered regression models were subsequently estimated in which temperamental profile membership replaced continuous indicators of temperamental reactivity and regulation as predictors. The results of person-centered regression models indicated that temperamental reactivity and regulation both contributed (both alone and in combination) to the prediction of subsequent ADHD behaviors. In general, the predictive associations from early temperament to later ADHD were of modest magnitude (R2 = .10–.17). Results are discussed with respect to interest in the early identification of children who are at elevated risk for later ADHD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Primary School Children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2015–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S120-S120
Author(s):  
T. Albatti ◽  
Z. ALHedyan
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

IntroductionADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorder among children. It is described as a chronic impairing disorder that negatively affects the academic attainment and social skills of the child. Furthermore, ADHD symptoms continue into adulthood in 30–60% of affected children. Consequently, they will most likely be missed from employment many times.AimsDetermine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children in Saudi Arabia.ObjectivesDetermine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among both governmental and private primary Saudi school children aged 6–9-year-old. And to measure the gender difference of ADHD prevalence. Also, to determine any association between the socio-demographic characteristic of parents of children with ADHD.MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study of 1000 primary school children belonging to 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade. The selected students were screened by the ADHD rating scale using multistage sampling technique. The first stage was selection of 20 schools from all Riyadh regions by simple randomization. The second stage was choosing children whom serial numbers were multiplies of five in each class. The ADHD rating scale was filled by both parents and teachers along with a socio-demographic questionnaire for the parents.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of ADHD was 3.4%. ADHD manifestations affect boys more than girls. In addition, ADHD was more frequent among children of illiterate mothers. Finally, ADHD was significantly more prevalent among first grade children.ConclusionThis epidemiological study filled the data gap of ADHD prevalence in Riyadh. The study's findings go in line with many nearby and global studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Prenatal pet keeping and caregiver-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder through preadolescence in a United States birth cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Cassidy-Bushrow ◽  
Alexandra R. Sitarik ◽  
Tisa M. Johnson-Hooper ◽  
Jannel M. Phillips ◽  
Kyra Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Wayne County ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Background While the keeping of pets has been shown to protect against childhood allergic disease and obesity, less is known regarding potential associations of prenatal pet keeping and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We sought to examine the associations between prenatal dog or cat keeping with caregiver-reported ADHD in preadolescents in the Wayne County Health, Environment, Allergy and Asthma Longitudinal Study (WHEALS) birth cohort (N = 1258). Methods At an interview with the caregiver at child age 10–12 years, caregivers reported if the WHEALS child had ever been diagnosed with ADHD. Similarly, during an interview with the mother prenatally, pet keeping (defined as dog or cat kept inside ≥1 h/day) was ascertained. Logistic regression models were fit to examine the association of prenatal pet keeping (dog keeping and cat keeping, separately) with ADHD. Results A subset of 627 children were included in the analyses: 93 who had ADHD and 534 with neurotypical development. After accounting for confounders and loss to follow-up, maternal prenatal dog exposure was associated with 2.23 times (95% CI: 1.15, 4.31; p = 0.017) greater odds of ADHD among boys. Prenatal dog keeping was not statistically significantly associated with ADHD in girls (odds ratio = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.06, 1.12; p = 0.070). Prenatal cat keeping was not associated with ADHD. Conclusions In boys, but not girls, maternal prenatal dog keeping was positively associated with ADHD. Further study to confirm these findings and to identify potential mechanisms of this association (e.g., modification of the gut microbiome, exposure to environmental toxicants or pet-related medications) is needed.

DIAGNOSES OF ATTENTION-DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER FROM PARENT REPORTS PREDICT DIAGNOSES BASED ON TEACHER REPORTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. A46-A46
Author(s):  
Joseph Biederman ◽  
Stephen V. Faraone ◽  
Sharon Milberger ◽  
Alysa Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Teacher Report ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Teacher Reports

Objective: For DSM-III attention deficit disorder (ADD), it was previously reported that, when a parent report leads to a diagnosis of ADD, it is highly likely that the teacher report will also be positive. This report seeks to generalize that finding to DSM-III-R attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: In a population of 34 children meeting clinical criteria for DSM-III-R ADHD, parents and teachers independently responded to questions about individual ADHD symptoms. Results: Correlations between parents and teachers for individ ual symptoms were low to moderate; however, there was a 77% probability that the teacher report would result in a positive diagnosis given a positive parental diagnosis. This probability increased to 88% if "broad" teacher diagnoses of ADHD, defined by 35% of the 14 DSM-III-R symptoms, were included. Conclusions: In clinically-referred children, a clinical diagnosis of ADHD based on parent report is likely to be corroborated by a teacher report.

Classical and Bayesian Estimation in the Logistic Regression Model Applied to Diagnosis of Child Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Gordóvil-Merino ◽  
Joan Guàrdia-Olmos ◽  
Maribel Peró-Cebollero ◽  
Emilia I. de la Fuente-Solanas
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Girls With Adhd

The limitations inherent to classical estimation of the logistic regression models are known. The Bayesian approach in statistical analysis is an alternative to be considered, given that it makes it possible to introduce prior information about the phenomenon under study. The aim of the present work is to analyze binary and multinomial logistic regression simple models estimated by means of a Bayesian approach in comparison to classical estimation. To that effect, Child Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) clinical data were analyzed. The sample included 286 participants of 6–12 years (78% boys, 22% girls) with ADHD positive diagnosis in 86.7% of the cases. The results show a reduction of standard errors associated to the coefficients obtained from the Bayesian analysis, thus bringing a greater stability to the coefficients. Complex models where parameter estimation may be easily compromised could benefit from this advantage.

Parental happiness and strain among young adult parents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon A Kroeger
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Disorder Potential ◽  
Feeling Overwhelmed

This study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine whether young adult parents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder experience less parental happiness and/or more parental strain than their counterparts not diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Results from logistic regression models indicated that young adult parents ever diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder have significantly greater odds of feeling overwhelmed as parents and significantly lower odds of feeling close to their children or happy in their role as parents compared to those never diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Potential implications of these results for scholars as well as health professionals treating adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder patients with children are discussed.

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