Joint trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Vaillancourt ◽  
John D. Haltigan ◽  
Isabel Smith ◽  
Lonnie Zwaigenbaum ◽  
Peter Szatmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Disorder Symptom ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractThe co-occurring development of internalizing and externalizing problems were examined in an inception cohort of 392 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at age 3 who were assessed on four occasions. Results indicated that internalizing and externalizing problems were stable over time and highly comorbid. Joint trajectory analysis suggested that 13% of the sample followed a dual high-risk trajectory. High risk was not found to be associated with intellectual ability or autism spectrum disorder symptom severity but was linked to lower income and gender: more girls than boys were found in the high/stable internalizing problems trajectory. The results suggest that 1 in 4 preschoolers followed a trajectory of internalizing or externalizing problems (or a combination of the two) that could be characterized as clinically elevated.

scholarly journals Emotional functioning and the development of internalizing and externalizing problems in young boys with and without autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-210
Author(s):  
Boya Li ◽  
Marieke GN Bos ◽  
Lex Stockmann ◽  
Carolien Rieffe
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Emotion Control ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Children with autism spectrum disorder are at risk of developing internalizing and externalizing problems. However, information on early development of behavior problems and the contributing role of emotional functioning in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder is scarce. This study collected data of boys with and without autism spectrum disorder ( N = 156; age: 2–6 years) over three consecutive years (three waves), about their internalizing and externalizing symptoms and emotional functioning (i.e. emotion control, recognition, and vocabulary), using parent-report questionnaires. No age effect was found on internalizing or externalizing problems for boys with and without autism spectrum disorder. Boys with autism spectrum disorder displayed more behavior problems than their typically developing peers and showed lower levels of emotional functioning. Better emotion control and improved emotion recognition were associated with a decrease in problem behaviors for boys with and without autism spectrum disorder, whereas improved emotion vocabulary was uniquely related to a decrease in externalizing problems in boys with autism spectrum disorder. Our findings suggest that boys with and without autism spectrum disorder showed similar developmental courses of internalizing and externalizing problems. However, lower levels of emotional functioning were already more pronounced in boys with autism spectrum disorder at a young age. This contributes to higher levels of behavior problems.

scholarly journals The characteristics and factors of the internalizing and externalizing behaviours of children at high risk for autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ding ◽  
Huiyun Gao ◽  
Jiying Jiang ◽  
Mengyao Zhai ◽  
Huan Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Parent Child

Abstract Background The behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not only affected by their disease, but also by their parenting environment. HR-ASD has the risk of developing internalization and externalization problems. How the early development of these behavioral problems is affected by parent-child interaction is worth exploring. We tested whether parent-child interactions and parenting characteristics were associated with behavioural problems during the infant periods. Methods This study collected data from 91 infants at high risk for ASD and 68 matched typically developing (TD) infants, about their internalizing and externalizing behavioural problems and engagement states (i.e. positive, negative, and parent-child interactions), using free play paradigm. Parent measures were assessed using the Broad Autism Phenotypic Questionnaire (BAPQ) and Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI-SF) questionnaire. The core symptoms of ASD were assessed using the the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule (ADOS). Results During free play, infants in the HR-ASD group showed more internalizing (P < 0.001) and externalizing (P < 0.05) behaviours and less positive engagement (P < 0.01) than the TD group. In the regression analysis, we found that parenting stress had an impact on the infants’ externalizing behaviours (△R2 = 0.215). Parent negative engagement had an impact on the infants’ internalizing behaviours (△R2 = 0.451). Conclusions The present study revealed that children at high risk for ASD exhibited more severe internalizing and externalizing behavioural problems than TD group. The parent negative engagement is associated with behavioural problems. The findings on the contribution of parents’ factors to behavioural problems suggests that the parenting stress and parent-child interactions are important factors for mitigating behavioural problems.

Examining bidirectional relationships between parenting and child maladjustment in youth with autism spectrum disorder: A 9-year longitudinal study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Dieleman ◽  
Sarah S. W. De Pauw ◽  
Bart Soenens ◽  
Wim Beyers ◽  
Peter Prinzie
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlling Parenting ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Child Problems

AbstractLongitudinal bidirectional effects between parents and children are usually studied in samples of typically developing children, but remain understudied in families with a child with autism spectrum disorder. This three-wave longitudinal study examined how parents and children with autism spectrum disorder influence one another, relying on parent reports of parenting behaviors and children's problem behaviors across 9 years, in a sample of 139 youngsters (M age Time 1 = 10.2 years, 83% boys). Cross-lagged analyses indicated that children's externalizing problems at Time 1 predicted negative controlling parenting 6 years later (Time 2) that in turn predicted externalizing problems 3 years later (Time 3). Negative parental control at Time 1 also increased the risk for internalizing problems at Time 2. It was surprising that externalizing problems at Time 2 also predicted positive parental involvement at Time 3. Thus, although results indicate that externalizing problems generally elicit maladaptive reactions in parents, this study also suggests that parents adjust their way of reacting to externalizing child problems as their child reaches adolescence/emerging adulthood. Implications for future research on parenting dynamics in families with a child with autism spectrum disorder are discussed.

Cellular Bioenergetic and Metabolic Changes in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gevezova ◽  
Danail Minchev ◽  
Iliana Pacheva ◽  
Yordan Sbirkov ◽  
Ralitsa Yordanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
And Gender

Background: Although Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is considered a heterogeneous neurological disease in childhood, a growing body of evidence associates it with mitochondrial dysfunction explaining the observed comorbidities. Introduction: The aim of this study is to identify variations in cellular bioenergetics and metabolism dependent on mitochondrial function in ASD patients and healthy controls using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We hypothesized that PBMCs may reveal the cellular pathology and provide evidence of bioenergetic and metabolic changes accompanying the disease. Method: PBMC from children with ASD and a control group of the same age and gender were isolated. All patients underwent an in-depth clinical evaluation. A well-characterized cohort of Bulgarian children was selected. Bioenergetic and metabolic studies of isolated PBMCs were performed with a Seahorse XFp analyzer. Result: Our data show that PBMCs from patients with ASD have increased respiratory reserve capacity (by 27.5%), increased maximal respiration (by 67%) and altered adaptive response to oxidative stress induced by DMNQ. In addition, we demonstrate а strong dependence on fatty acids and impaired ability to reprogram cell metabolism. The listed characteristics are not observed in the control group. These results can contribute to a better understanding of the underlying causes of ASD, which is crucial for selecting a successful treatment. Conclusion: The current study, for the first time, provides a functional analysis of cell bioenergetics and metabolic changes in a group of Bulgarian patients with ASD. It reveals physiological abnormalities that do not allow mitochondria to adapt and meet the increased energetic requirements of the cell. The link between mitochondria and ASD is not yet fully understood, but this may lead to the discovery of new approaches for nutrition and therapy.

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