THE ROLE OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY IN OBSTETRICS

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN R KACHURA
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Seldinger Technique ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lower Morbidity

Vascular and Interventional Radiology, more succinctly known as Interventional Radiology (IR), is the subspecialty of Medical Imaging or Radiology that deals with diagnosis and treatment using minimally invasive procedures under imaging guidance. Initially, fluoroscopy was the only imaging modality available, but ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are also currently being used for guidance. One of the basic skills used by interventional radiologists is the Seldinger technique: the introduction of a needle into a body cavity or lumen allowing passage of a wire guide, which in turn facilitates the insertion of a tube or catheter. Many IR procedures have supplanted more invasive surgical techniques, with the resultant benefits of lower morbidity and mortality, shorter hospital stays and recovery times, and lower costs. Traditionally, obstetricians and interventional radiologists seldom interacted with one another, but their collaboration in patient care and research is increasing as obstetricians realise the value of IR, and as the myriad techniques and tools in the interventionalist's armamentarium expand and evolve.

New Vistas in Perioperative Pain Management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Furnish ◽  
Engy Said
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ◽  
Mu Opioid ◽  
Perioperative Pain ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Perioperative Pain Management ◽  
Hospital Stays

The chapter “New Vistas in Perioperative Pain Management” provides an overview of analgesics for acute pain that have been recently introduced and that are in development as well as a discussion of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs that make use of multimodal analgesic regimens. It reviews the innovation in analgesics that has focused on new formulations and uses of older compounds including oral, intravenous, and transmucosal agents. It describes the potential role of mu-opioid g-protein modulators as novel opioids with an improved adverse effect profile as well as a novel opioid with the potential for lower abuse potential. It also explains the use of analgesic regimens and pathways in ERAS programs to reduce recovery times and length of hospital stays.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Ultrasound for Detection of Liver Metastasis: Hope or Hype?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Kumar Singh ◽  
Surinder S. Rana
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Intraoperative Ultrasound ◽  
Liver Lesions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Metastatic Liver

AbstractTransabdominal ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the common diagnostic tests for the detection of hepatic lesions. Use of enhanced and advanced MRI technique, that is, diffusion weighted MRI and hepatocyte-specific contrast agents, has further improved the accuracy of detection of metastatic liver lesions ≤10 mm in diameter. However, even with these advanced imaging modalities sensitivity is low for lesions smaller than 10 mm when compared with standard intraoperative ultrasound. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is an emerging imaging modality with resolution sufficient to detect and sample lesions as small as 5 mm in diameter. In this news and views, we have discussed the role of standard and enhanced EUS for the detection of metastatic liver lesions.

scholarly journals What the radiologist should know about the role of interventional radiology in urology

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Kojun Tibana ◽  
Vinícius Adami Vayego Fornazari ◽  
Walberth Gutierrez Junior ◽  
Edson Marchiori ◽  
Denis Szejnfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Conscious Sedation ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Previously Treated

Abstract Interventional radiology has been constantly developing in terms of the techniques, materials, and methods of intervention. It interacts with all areas of medicine, always with the ultimate goal of ensuring the well-being of patients. Advances in imaging techniques, especially in the last two decades, have led to a paradigm shift in the field of urological imaging interventions. Many urologic diseases that were previously treated only surgically can now be effectively managed using minimally invasive image-guided techniques, often with shorter hospital stays and requiring only local anesthesia or conscious sedation.

scholarly journals New Strategies in the Design of Paramagnetic CAs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alessio Smeraldo ◽  
Paolo A. Netti ◽  
Enza Torino
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Characteristic Relaxation Time ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Elimination Pathway ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
Clinical Mri ◽  
New Strategies

Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the first diagnostic imaging modality for numerous indications able to provide anatomical information with high spatial resolution through the use of magnetic fields and gradients. Indeed, thanks to the characteristic relaxation time of each tissue, it is possible to distinguish between healthy and pathological ones. However, the need to have brighter images to increase differences and catch important diagnostic details has led to the use of contrast agents (CAs). Among them, Gadolinium-based CAs (Gd-CAs) are routinely used in clinical MRI practice. During these last years, FDA highlighted many risks related to the use of Gd-CAs such as nephrotoxicity, heavy allergic effects, and, recently, about the deposition within the brain. These alerts opened a debate about the opportunity to formulate Gd-CAs in a different way but also to the use of alternative and safer compounds to be administered, such as manganese- (Mn-) based agents. In this review, the physical principle behind the role of relaxivity and the T1 boosting will be described in terms of characteristic correlation times and inner and outer spheres. Then, the recent advances in the entrapment of Gd-CAs within nanostructures will be analyzed in terms of relaxivity boosting obtained without the chemical modification of CAs as approved in the chemical practice. Finally, a critical evaluation of the use of manganese-based CAs will be illustrated as an alternative ion to Gd due to its excellent properties and endogenous elimination pathway.

The Use of Posterior Pericardiotomy Technique to Prevent Postoperative Pericardial Effusion in Cardiac Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canturk Cakalagaoglu ◽  
Cengiz Koksal ◽  
Ayse Baysal ◽  
Gokhan Alici ◽  
Birol Ozkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Pericardial Tamponade ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Echocardiographic Study ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Stays

<p><b>Aim:</b> The goal was to determine the effectiveness of the posterior pericardiotomy technique in preventing the development of early and late pericardial effusions (PEs) and to determine the role of anxiety level for the detection of late pericardial tamponade (PT).</p><p><b>Materials and Methods:</b> We divided 100 patients randomly into 2 groups, the posterior pericardiotomy group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG), valvular heart surgery, or combined valvular and CABG surgeries were included. The posterior pericardiotomy technique was performed in the first group of 50 patients. Evaluations completed preoperatively, postoperatively on day 1, before discharge, and on postoperative days 5 and 30 included electrocardiographic study, chest radiography, echocardiographic study, and evaluation of the patient's anxiety level. Postoperative causes of morbidity and durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays were recorded.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The 2 groups were not significantly different with respect to demographic and operative data (<i>P</i> > .05). Echocardiography evaluations revealed no significant differences between the groups preoperatively; however, before discharge the control group had a significantly higher number of patients with moderate, large, and very large PEs compared with the pericardiotomy group (<i>P</i> < .01). There were 6 cases of late PT in the control group, whereas there were none in the pericardiotomy group (<i>P</i> < .05). Before discharge and on postoperative day 15, the patients in the pericardiotomy group showed significant improvement in anxiety levels (<i>P</i> = .03 and .004, respectively). No differences in postoperative complications were observed between the 2 groups.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Pericardiotomy is a simple, safe, and effective method for reducing the incidence of PE and late PT after cardiac surgery. It also has the potential to provide a better quality of life.</p>

The Expanding Role of Echocardiography in Interventional Cardiology

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay A Smith ◽  
Amit Bhan ◽  
Mark J Monaghan ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Design And Technology ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team Approach ◽  
Case Selection ◽  
Optimal Imaging

Echocardiography provides excellent realtime imaging of the heart, making it the imaging modality of choice immediately before, during and after cardiac interventional procedures. It helps to guide case selection and execution of the intervention, evaluates the effects of the intervention and enables early detection of complications. Advances in the design and technology of medical devices and delivery systems, coupled with demand for alternative non-surgical therapies for common medical problems, have led to an increase in the volume, variety and complexity of non-coronary cardiac interventional procedures performed. Many of these procedures require a multidisciplinary team approach and demand optimal imaging to ensure successful outcomes. The aim of this article is to review the expanding role of echocardiography in non-coronary interventional cardiology in adults.

Role of Cardiac MRI in Detecting Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Marymol Koshy ◽  
Bushra Johari ◽  
Mohd Farhan Hamdan ◽  
Mohammad Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Potential Use

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a global disease affecting people of various ethnic origins and both genders. HCM is a genetic disorder with a wide range of symptoms, including the catastrophic presentation of sudden cardiac death. Proper diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can relieve symptoms and prolong life. Non-invasive imaging is essential in diagnosing HCM. We present a review to deliberate the potential use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in HCM assessment and also identify the risk factors entailed with risk stratification of HCM based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Role of USG guidance in percutaneous needle puncture in interventional radiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Sharad B Ghatge ◽  
◽  
Shivraj M Ingole ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Needle Puncture

Bioengineered in vitro Vascular Models for Applications in Interventional Radiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (45) ◽  
pp. 5367-5374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Seyed M. Moosavi-Basri ◽  
Rahul Sheth ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Yu S. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Conventional Animal ◽  
Vascular Structures

The role of endovascular interventions has progressed rapidly over the past several decades. While animal models have long-served as the mainstay for the advancement of this field, the use of in vitro models has become increasingly widely adopted with recent advances in engineering technologies. Here, we review the strategies, mainly including bioprinting and microfabrication, which allow for fabrication of biomimetic vascular models that will potentially serve to supplement the conventional animal models for convenient investigations of endovascular interventions. Besides normal blood vessels, those in diseased states, such as thrombosis, may also be modeled by integrating cues that simulate the microenvironment of vascular disorders. These novel engineering strategies for the development of biomimetic in vitro vascular structures will possibly enable unconventional means of studying complex endovascular intervention problems that are otherwise hard to address using existing models.

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