Free oxygen radicals are generated at the time of aspiration of oocytes from ovaries that have been stored for a long time

Zygote ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisataka Iwata ◽  
Mayuko Ohota ◽  
Syu Hashimoto ◽  
Yoshiharu Nagai
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chromatin Configuration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Oocyte Aspiration ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion

In ischaemic tissues, reperfusion induces acute injury and functional changes. In this work, ovaries were stored for various times, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and dimethylthiourea (DTMU) were used at the time of oocyte aspiration. We then attempted to determine whether free oxygen radicals are generated at oocyte aspiration and whether they impair the developmental competence of oocytes. Over 2 mM of DMTU and 1000 U/ml of SOD significantly improved the rate of blastulation 8 days after insemination. For ovaries that were preserved for 3 and 7 h, using antioxidants also significantly improved the rate of blastulation 8 days after insemination. However, no effect was observed on oocytes from ovaries preserved for 1 h. We examined how the antioxidants affected the presence of germinal vesicles, chromatin configuration, and polar body extrusion 6 or 21 h after culture. Chromatin configuration was classified into three groups according to the amount of chromatin condensation (group 1, strong condensation; group 2, moderate; group 3, slight). Storing ovaries for a long time decreased the frequency of occurrence of group 2, but increased groups 1 and 3. However, using antioxidants at oocyte aspiration decreased the frequency of group 3 and increased group 1. Moreover, there was no difference in the rate of germinal vesicle breakdown and polar body extrusion. Our results show that preserving ovaries for a long time induces the generation of free oxygen radicals and that these chemicals impair oocyte viability. Using antioxidants at oocyte aspiration was beneficial for embryo production.

Antioxidant Effect of α-Tocopherol on Fracture Haematoma in Rabbits

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
K DUrak ◽  
Ö F Bilgen ◽  
T Kaleli ◽  
P Tuncel ◽  
R Özbek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

In this study, the effect of free oxygen radicals on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant role of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in these reactions were investigated in haematoma fluid and venous blood samples in rabbits with femoral fracture. There were 21 male rabbits, divided into 3 groups. Conjugated dienes values (as optical density) were compared in venous blood of the rabbits in Group I taken preanaesthesia and after the onset of anaesthesia and the difference between these values proved to be insignificant ( P > 0.05). A control group (Group 2) was given saline before fracture occurrence and the other group (Group 3) was injected with α-tocopherol 20 mg/kg intramuscularly. Venous blood samples and fracture haematoma fluids in both Group 2 and Group 3 were assayed biochemically. It was established that conjugated dienes values in fracture haematoma fluid in rabbits in the control group were higher than the values in the venous blood of the rabbits in the same group (P < 0.05). However, conjugated dienes values in the a-tocopherol injected group both in the haematoma fluid and in venous blood were reduced compared with those in the control group ( P < 0.5). In view of the fact that ischaemia and reperfusion develop in fractured regions and that general body ischaemia develops following serious fractures of the extremities, we consider that prophylactic administration of antioxidants such as α-tocopherol may be beneficial in suppressing the destructive effects of free oxygen radicals in cells.

The Dinitrophenol and Potassium Iodate Influence on Hordeum Vulgare Seedlings Viability\

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2160-2166
Author(s):  
Elena Todirascu Ciornea ◽  
Gabriela Dumitru ◽  
Ion Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Oxidative Stress Enzymes ◽  
Stress Enzymes ◽  
Seeds Germination

The using of the pesticides of dinitrophenol type in agriculture has as consequence the major pollution of the environment, the plants taking these substances from the soil and once with these ones they reach in the human and animal organism where they product disequilibrium that are interpreted through the accumulation of free oxygen radicals with direct repercussions on the antioxidant enzyme�s synthesis intensification and on their activity�s increase. The apply of treatments on the barley seeds had significant effects regarding the seeds� germination, the young plants� growth, the oxidative stress enzymes� activity, but also regarding the content of photoassimilators and carotenoids pigments.

scholarly journals Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Antioxidant Metalloenzymes and Therapeutic Strategies

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Pavlína Hemerková ◽  
Martin Vališ
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Sporadic Als ◽  
Familial Form ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord and leads to death due to respiratory failure within three to five years. Although the clinical symptoms of this disease were first described in 1869 and it is the most common motor neuron disease and the most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged individuals, the exact etiopathogenesis of ALS remains unclear and it remains incurable. However, free oxygen radicals (i.e., molecules containing one or more free electrons) are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease as they very readily bind intracellular structures, leading to functional impairment. Antioxidant enzymes, which are often metalloenzymes, inactivate free oxygen radicals by converting them into a less harmful substance. One of the most important antioxidant enzymes is Cu2+Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which is mutated in 20% of cases of the familial form of ALS (fALS) and up to 7% of sporadic ALS (sALS) cases. In addition, the proper functioning of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is essential for antioxidant protection. In this review article, we focus on the mechanisms through which these enzymes are involved in the antioxidant response to oxidative stress and thus the pathogenesis of ALS and their potential as therapeutic targets.

Participation of Free Oxygen Radicals in Damage of Porcine Erythrocytes

1981 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Jóźwiak ◽  
Z. Helszer ◽  
Z. Jozwiak
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen

Markers of Neuroinflammation in the Serum of Prepubertal Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fiore ◽  
Carla Petrella ◽  
Giovanna Coriale ◽  
Pamela Rosso ◽  
Elena Fico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Background: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are the manifestation of the damage caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), the extreme FASD manifestation, show both facial dysmorphology and mental retardation. Alcohol consumed during gestational age prejudices brain development by reducing, among others, the synthesis and release of neurotrophic factors and neuroinflammatory markers. Alcohol drinking induces also oxidative stress. Hypothesis/Objective : The present study aims at investigating the potential association between neurotrophins, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in 12 prepubertal male and female FASD children diagnosed as FAS or partial FAS (pFAS). Methods: Accordingly, we analyzed, in the serum, the level of BDNF and NGF and the oxidative stress, as free oxygen radicals test (FORT) and free oxygen radicals defense (FORD). Moreover, serum levels of inflammatory mediators (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, MCP-1, TGF-β and TNF-α) involved in neuroinflammatory and oxidative processes have been investigated. Results: We demonstrated in pre-pubertal FASD children low serum levels of NGF and BDNF, respect to healthy controls. These changes were associated with higher serum presence of TNF-α and IL-1α. Quite interestingly, an elevation in the FORD was also found despite normal FORT levels. Moreover, we found a potentiation of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-10 and IL-1α1 in the analyzed female compared to male children. Conclusion: The present investigation shows an imbalance in the peripheral neuroimmune pathways that could be used in children as early biomarkers of the deficits observed in FASD.

scholarly journals Neuroinflammatory Markers in the Serum of Prepubertal Children with Down Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Tarani ◽  
Valentina Carito ◽  
Giampiero Ferraguti ◽  
Carla Petrella ◽  
Antonio Greco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Chromosomal Disorder ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Physical Features

Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder. Although DS individuals are mostly perceived as characterized by some distinct physical features, cognitive disabilities, and cardiac defects, they also show important dysregulations of immune functions. While critical information is available for adults with DS, little literature is available on the neuroinflammation in prepubertal DS children. We aimed to evaluate in prepubertal DS children the serum levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), oxidative stress as free oxygen radicals defense (FORD), free oxygen radicals test (FORT), and cytokines playing key roles in neuroinflammation and oxidative processes as TNF-α, TGF-β, MCP-1, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12. No differences were found in NGF between DS children and controls. However, BDNF was higher in DS subjects compared to controls. We also did not reveal changes in FORD and FORT. Quite interestingly, the serum of DS children disclosed a marked decrease in all analyzed cytokines with evident differences in serum cytokine presence between male and female DS children. In conclusion, the present study evidences in DS prepubertal children a disruption in the neurotrophins and immune system pathways.

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