scholarly journals Statistical audit of original research articles in International Psychogeriatrics for the year 2003

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-396
Author(s):  
John T. Chibnall
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Power Calculation ◽  
Type 1 Error ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
The Right

Background: At the request of the Editor of International Psychogeriatrics, a statistical audit of all papers published in the journal during 2003 was undertaken by the statistical advisor to International Psychogeriatrics.Method: Only research papers using inferential statistical techniques were assessed and only the statistical elements of these papers were evaluated. The following issues were addressed: did the authors report a power calculation or address power issues? Did the authors report an appropriate effect size indicator? When multiple univariate statistical tests were used was a correction for type 1 error employed? Did authors demonstrate the adequacy of the data analyzed for the statistical tests employed? Were sufficient details reported to enable an evaluation of the statistical analyses and reported results?Results: Twenty papers published during 2003 were suitable for analysis. None addressed power issues. About half reported an effect size indicator and about half adjusted the statistical analysis for the effects of multiple univariate statistical comparisons. Few demonstrated the adequacy of the data being analyzed and few provided sufficient detail to evaluate the statistical analyses and reported results. Most papers used the right statistic in the right way.Conclusion: The statistical quality of articles published in International Psychogeriatrics could be improved by attention to a few relatively fundamental issues.

scholarly journals Enhancing the operational efficiency of quantum random number generators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Botond L. Márton ◽  
Dóra Istenes ◽  
László Bacsárdi
Keyword(s):  
Random Number ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Random Numbers ◽  
Random Number Generators ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Quantum Phenomena ◽  
The Right

Random numbers are of vital importance in today’s world and used for example in many cryptographical protocols to secure the communication over the internet. The generators producing these numbers are Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNGs) or True Random Number Generators (TRNGs). A subclass of TRNGs are the Quantum based Random Number Generators (QRNGs) whose generation processes are based on quantum phenomena. However, the achievable quality of the numbers generated from a practical implementation can differ from the theoretically possible. To ease this negative effect post-processing can be used, which contains the use of extractors. They extract as much entropy as possible from the original source and produce a new output with better properties. The quality and the different properties of a given output can be measured with the help of statistical tests. In our work we examined the effect of different extractors on two QRNG outputs and found that witg the right extractor we can improve their quality.

scholarly journals Surgery Combined With Embolization in the Treatment of Plexiform Neurofibroma: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Plexiform Neurofibroma ◽  
Arterial Embolization ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Feeding Vessels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol Particles

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant multisystem genodermatosis resulting from a mutation on chromosome 17q11.2, characterized by diverse clinical expression with involvement of the skin, nervous system, bones, eyes and other systems. Neurofibromas are tumors located along nerve bundles; when they become large, they are called plexiform neurofibromas. Complications of neurofibromas are rare, but include malignant transformation and potentially life-threatening hemorrhages. A comprehensive perioperative management, including arterial embolization of feeding vessels, is required in order to perform a safe surgical procedure and to reduce potential surgical complications. We report a case of a large plexiform neurofibroma on the right flank, treated in a two-stage approach: first, embolization with polyvinyl alcohol particles of the inferior epigastric, lumbar and superior gluteal arteries on the right and, second, 24 hours after embolization, exeresis of the lesion, which weighed 2.5 kg. Two years after surgery, the patient was asymptomatic, without tumor recurrence and with an important improvement in self-esteem and quality of life.

scholarly journals Analytic and bootstrap confidence intervals for the common-language effect size estimate

Methodology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Johnson Ching-Hong Li ◽  
Virginia Man Chung Tze
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Sexual Compulsivity ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Bootstrap Confidence Intervals ◽  
Effect Size Estimate ◽  
Type 1 Error ◽  
Size Estimate ◽  
The Common

Evaluating how an effect-size estimate performs between two continuous variables based on the common-language effect size (CLES) has received increasing attention. While Blomqvist (1950; https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177729754) developed a parametric estimator (q') for the CLES, there has been limited progress in further refining CLES. This study: a) extends Blomqvist’s work by providing a mathematical foundation for Bp (a non-parametric version of CLES) and an analytic approach for estimating its standard error; and b) evaluates the performance of the analytic and bootstrap confidence intervals (CIs) for Bp. The simulation shows that the bootstrap bias-corrected-and-accelerated interval (BCaI) has the best protected Type 1 error rate with a slight compromise in Power, whereas the analytic-t CI has the highest overall Power but with a Type 1 error slightly larger than the nominal value. This study also uses a real-world data-set to demonstrate the applicability of the CLES in measuring the relationship between age and sexual compulsivity.

scholarly journals Customer Satisfaction Is Effected By The Quality Of Service: A Case Study Indonesian

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3560-3567
Author(s):  
Rusdiyanto Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Right

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of service quality indicators in measurement using Tangible, Emphaty, Reliability, Responsiveness, and Assurance on Banking Customer Satisfaction in Indonesia.This research uses quantitative methods that are descriptive and tends to analyze using an inductive approach. This type of research uses Explanatary Research, the study population uses banking customers. The data collection method in this study is to spread questions with the right target, the questionnaire in this study has requirements that must be met: The questions are factual, the questions are opinion, the questions are self-perception.The findings in this study explain that service quality affects customer satisfaction, the results of statistical tests with t test can be concluded that service quality has an influence on banking customer satisfaction.

scholarly journals Why we need to report more than 'Data were Analyzed by t-tests or ANOVA'

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey L Weissgerber ◽  
Oscar Garcia-Valencia ◽  
Vesna D Garovic ◽  
Natasa M Milic ◽  
Stacey J Winham
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Selection Of

Transparent reporting is essential for the critical evaluation of studies. However, the reporting of statistical methods for studies in the biomedical sciences is often limited. This systematic review examines the quality of reporting for two statistical tests, t-tests and ANOVA, for papers published in a selection of physiology journals in June 2017. Of the 328 original research articles examined, 277 (84.5%) included an ANOVA or t-test or both. However, papers in our sample were routinely missing essential information about both types of tests: 213 papers (95% of the papers that used ANOVA) did not contain the information needed to determine what type of ANOVA was performed, and 26.7% of papers did not specify what post-hoc test was performed. Most papers also omitted the information needed to verify ANOVA results. Essential information about t-tests was also missing in many papers. We conclude by discussing measures that could be taken to improve the quality of reporting.

scholarly journals Coordinate Based Random Effect Size meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Tench ◽  
Radu Tanasescu ◽  
WJ Cottam ◽  
CS Constantinescu ◽  
DP Auer
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Error Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Type 1 Error ◽  
Meta Analyses

1AbstractLow power in neuroimaging studies can make them difficult to interpret, and Coordinate based meta‐ analysis (CBMA) may go some way to mitigating this issue. CBMA has been used in many analyses to detect where published functional MRI or voxel-based morphometry studies testing similar hypotheses report significant summary results (coordinates) consistently. Only the reported coordinates and possibly t statistics are analysed, and statistical significance of clusters is determined by coordinate density.Here a method of performing coordinate based random effect size meta-analysis and meta-regression is introduced. The algorithm (ClusterZ) analyses both coordinates and reported t statistic or Z score, standardised by the number of subjects. Statistical significance is determined not by coordinate density, but by a random effects meta-analyses of reported effects performed cluster-wise using standard statistical methods and taking account of censoring inherent in the published summary results. Type 1 error control is achieved using the false cluster discovery rate (FCDR), which is based on the false discovery rate. This controls both the family wise error rate under the null hypothesis that coordinates are randomly drawn from a standard stereotaxic space, and the proportion of significant clusters that are expected under the null. Such control is vital to avoid propagating and even amplifying the very issues motivating the meta-analysis in the first place. ClusterZ is demonstrated on both numerically simulated data and on real data from reports of grey matter loss in multiple sclerosis (MS) and syndromes suggestive of MS, and of painful stimulus in healthy controls. The software implementation is available to download and use freely.

ANALYSIS OF REGULATIONS REGARDING THE SETTLEMENT OF ISSUES ON THE REMOVAL AND RECOVERY OF PLANTATIONS IN THE RIGHT-OF-WAY OF PUBLIC ROADS

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Nataliia Kharytonova ◽  
Olha Mykolaienko ◽  
Tetyana Lozova
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Visual Orientation ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Overhead Power Lines ◽  
The Right ◽  
Neck Diameter ◽  
Proper Operation

Greening of roads contributes to the protection of roads and their elements from influence of adverse weather and climatic factors; it includes the measures for improvement and landscaping of roads, ensures the protection of roadside areas from transport pollution, provides visual orientation of drivers. The solution of these issues will ensure creation and maintenance of safe and comfortable conditions for travelers. Green plantings in the right-of-way road area include woody, bushy, flower and grass vegetation of natural and artificial origin. For proper operation of public roads and satisfaction of other needs of the industry, there may be the need in removing the greenery. The reason for the removal of greenery in the right-of-way road area may be due to the following factors: construction of the architectural object, widening of the motor road, repair works in the security zone of overhead power lines, water supply, drainage, heating, telecommunications facilities, cutting of hazardous, dry and fautal trees, as well as self-grown and brushwood trees with a root neck diameter not exceeding 5 cm, elimination of the consequences of natural disasters and emergencies. The removal of plantations in the right-of-way area is executed in order to ensure traffic safety conditions and to improve the quality of plantations composition and their protective properties. Nowadays, in Ukraine there is no clear procedure for issuing permits for removing of such plantations. In order to resolve this issue, there is a need in determining the list of regulations in the area of forest resources of Ukraine and, if needed, the list of regulatory acts that have to be improved; to prepare a draft of the regulatory legal act that would establish the procedure of plantations cutting, the methodology of their condition determination, recovery costs determination, the features of cutting. Keywords: plantations, cutting, right-of-way, woodcutting permit, order.

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