Assisted conception and the risk of CHD: a case–control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie J. Schofield ◽  
Victoria L. Doughty ◽  
Nicole van Stiphout ◽  
Rodney C. G. Franklin ◽  
Mark R. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Assisted Conception ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Royal Brompton Hospital ◽  
Using Data

AbstractEpidemiological studies suggest a higher prevalence of congenital malformations in children conceived through assisted reproductive technologies. There are a few studies that address CHD specifically and most have examined data from registries. We examined the relationship between CHD and assisted conception using data collected in a specialist paediatric cardiac service in the United Kingdom.Between April, 2010 and July, 2011, the parents of children attending paediatric cardiology clinics at the Royal Brompton Hospital, London, were invited to complete a questionnaire that enquired about the nature of their child’s conception, the route for their original referral, and a number of potential confounding exposures. “Cases” were defined as children diagnosed with one or more carefully defined CHDs and “controls” as those with normal hearts.Of 894 new attendees with complete data, half of them were cases (n=410, 45.9%). The overall prevalence of assisted conception was 5.4% (n=44). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a non-significant increase in the crude odds for the use of assisted reproduction (odds ratio 1.21, 95% confidence interval 0.66–2.22) in this group. After adjustment for gestation, parity, year of birth, and maternal age, the odds ratio reduced (odds ratio 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.48–1.88). Increased rates of assisted conception were observed in a number of CHD subgroups, although no significant differences were found.These findings do not suggest an overall association between CHD and assisted reproduction in this population.

Exploring the Multiplicity of Embodied Agency in Colombian Assisted Reproduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-80
Author(s):  
Malissa Kay Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Assisted Conception ◽  
Women's Narratives ◽  
Embodied Experiences ◽  
Embodied Agency

Analyses of assisted reproductive technologies have demonstrated how objectification and agency can coexist in infertility centres. How objectification creates opportunities for empowerment, however, has not yet been explored. In analysing women’s narratives of assisted conception in Colombian infertility clinics, I demonstrate the complexity in women’s embodied experiences of various objectifying stages of assisted conception and argue that their experiences produced multiple forms of embodied agency. Women used diagnostic procedures to learn about their bodies and infertility complications, which augmented their authority over their bodies and treatment. They drew upon their embodied knowledge to reduce treatment anxieties, while sensations such as pain were made purposeful, and hence meaningful, as women strove to reconfigure the significance of the embodied sensations of conception in a context of medicalized reproduction. In these narratives, we see that lived bodies are productive agents of social change, generating meanings and working to reshape dominant social understandings.

scholarly journals Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Level and Ovarian Cancer Risk

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyang Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Jialing Zhang ◽  
Changjun Zheng ◽  
He Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Summary Odds Ratio

Background/Aims: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has an important role in cells' proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and it may be involved in carcinogenesis. Several epidemiological studies assessed the association between circulating IGF-1 level and ovarian cancer risk, but there was still no conclusive finding. Methods: A meta-analysis of published studies was performed to assess the association between circulating IGF-1 level and ovarian cancer risk. The summary odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated through meta-analysis to evaluate the strength of the association. Results: Five eligible studies were included into the meta-analysis, which involved a total of 2,028 cases of ovarian cancer and 4,625 controls. Meta-analysis of total 5 studies showed that high circulating IGF-1 level was correlated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer (OR = 0.84, 95%CI 0.74-0.97, P = 0.013). After adjusting for heterogeneity, high circulating IGF-1 level was still correlated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer (OR = 0.83, 95%CI 0.72-0.95, P = 0.007). Subgroup analysis by age showed that circulating IGF-1 level was not correlated with ovarian cancer risk in women both less than 55 years and more than 55 years. However, after adjusting for heterogeneity, high circulating IGF-1 level was correlated with decreased ovarian cancer risk in women less than 55 years (OR = 0.82, 95%CI 0.72-0.94, P = 0.004). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that high circulating IGF-1 level may be correlated with decreased ovarian cancer risk, especially in women less than 55 years. More studies are needed to further assess the association between circulating IGF-1 level and ovarian cancer risk in the future.

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF INHERITANCE RIGHTS OF A CHILD BORN WITH THE USE OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Ksenia A. Zhirikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Surrogate Mother

The article deals with the problems of inheritance by children born with the help of assisted reproductive technologies, in particular, after a surrogate mother, after the death of one of the parents, etc. These problems are not regulated in Russian legislation. The article proposes directions for its improvement in order to protect a child born with the help of assisted reproduction.

scholarly journals Thrombocytopenia with Tedizolid and Linezolid

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Yookyung Lee ◽  
Aisling R. Caffrey
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Reporting Odds Ratio ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACT Several studies have suggested the risk of thrombocytopenia with tedizolid, a second-in-class oxazolidinone antibiotic (approved June 2014), is less than that observed with linezolid (first-in-class oxazolidinone). Using data from the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system (July 2014 through December 2016), we observed significantly increased risks of thrombocytopenia of similar magnitudes with both antibiotics: linezolid reporting odds ratio [ROR], 37.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.78 to 69.17); tedizolid ROR, 34.0 (95% CI, 4.67 to 247.30).

A Stable Environment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Dow
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Assisted Conception ◽  
Reproductive Ethics ◽  
Maternal Bonding ◽  
Single Sex ◽  
The People ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Good Reproduction

This chapter concludes that the book has explored what the people of Spey Bay think about the ethics of reproduction and assisted reproductive technologies in order to elucidate what reproductive ethics is, not only in the sense of what people judge to be good but also in terms of what counts as belonging to the domain of ethics. In Spey Bay, the key values people associated with “good” reproduction and parenthood were responsibility, care, and altruism and one way they expressed this was in the hope that people—and not necessarily only the infertile or single-sex couples—would consider adoption or fostering before turning to assisted conception. In this ethnography, the book has also introduced the concept of ethical labor to describe some of the characteristics of the everyday work that goes into making a good life in Spey Bay. It has examined what the people thought about surrogacy, maternal bonding, and environmentalism.

Assisted Reproductive Technology in Spain: Considering Women's Interests

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
INMACULADA DE MELO-MARTÍN
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Assisted Conception ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
The World ◽  
National Healthcare System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Catholic Tradition

It might come as a surprise to many that Spain, a country with a strong Catholic tradition that officially banned contraceptive technologies until 1978, has some of the most liberal regulations in assisted reproduction in the world. Law No. 35/1988 was one of the first and most detailed acts of legislation undertaken on the subject of assisted-conception procedures. Indeed, not only did the law permit research on nonviable embryos, it made assisted reproductive technologies available to any woman, whether married or not, through the national healthcare system.

scholarly journals Inequity in Access to Transplantation in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Pruthi ◽  
Matthew L. Robb ◽  
Gabriel C. Oniscu ◽  
Charles Tomson ◽  
Andrew Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Universal Health Care ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Universal Health Care System ◽  
Universal Health

Background and objectivesDespite the presence of a universal health care system, it is unclear if there is intercenter variation in access to kidney transplantation in the United Kingdom. This study aims to assess whether equity exists in access to kidney transplantation in the United Kingdom after adjustment for patient-specific factors and center practice patterns.Design, setting, participants, & measurements In this prospective, observational cohort study including all 71 United Kingdom kidney centers, incident RRT patients recruited between November 2011 and March 2013 as part of the Access to Transplantation and Transplant Outcome Measures study were analyzed to assess preemptive listing (n=2676) and listing within 2 years of starting dialysis (n=1970) by center.ResultsSeven hundred and six participants (26%) were listed preemptively, whereas 585 (30%) were listed within 2 years of commencing dialysis. The interquartile range across centers was 6%–33% for preemptive listing and 25%–40% for listing after starting dialysis. Patient factors, including increasing age, most comorbidities, body mass index >35 kg/m2, and lower socioeconomic status, were associated with a lower likelihood of being listed and accounted for 89% and 97% of measured intercenter variation for preemptive listing and listing within 2 years of starting dialysis, respectively. Asian (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.33 to 0.72) and Black (odds ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.26 to 0.71) participants were both associated with reduced access to preemptive listing; however Asian participants were associated with a higher likelihood of being listed after starting dialysis (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 1.79). As for center factors, being registered at a transplanting center (odds ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.36 to 4.07) and a universal approach to discussing transplantation (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 1.78) were associated with higher preemptive listing, whereas using a written protocol was associated negatively with listing within 2 years of starting dialysis (odds ratio, 0.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.9).ConclusionsPatient case mix accounts for most of the intercenter variation seen in access to transplantation in the United Kingdom, with practice patterns also contributing some variation. Socioeconomic inequity exists despite having a universal health care system.

Distinctions in Disclosure: Mandated Informed Consent in Abortion and ART

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Judith Daar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Assisted Conception ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Disclosure Laws ◽  
Transparency And Disclosure ◽  
Required Disclosures

Transparency and disclosure in the health care realm occupy a vital link between the delivery of medical services and patient autonomy. In her article, “Disclosure Two Ways,” Erin Bernstein skillfully explores this link in the context of abortion and assisted conception services, keenly observing the rise in mandatory disclosure laws in both arenas. Her thesis, as I understand it, is that laws that require enhanced disclosure above traditional informed consent thresholds can be understood as neutral tools in the name of patient protection, even — or perhaps especially — when their effect is to persuade a patient to forego the requested treatment. She combats the critique that pre-abortion required disclosures are sui generis, arguing against their uniqueness by analyzing them alongside a swell of mandated disclosure laws in the assisted reproductive technologies (ART) context.

Assisted reproduction for HIV-infected couples

Sexual Health ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Michelle Giles ◽  
Anne Mijch ◽  
Suzanne Garland
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Desire To Have Children

Many HIV-infected individuals are in relationships with HIV-uninfected partners and desire to have children. This review focuses on the issue of reproductive choices for these couples, in particular assisted reproductive technologies, and summarises the published outcome data currently available. The results thus far from assisted reproductive technologies in optimising pregnancy outcomes and reducing heterosexual and perinatal HIV transmission are promising. In the future, it is essential that there is ongoing reporting of outcome data, publication of methodology and follow-up, and reporting of adverse outcomes.

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