A Preliminary Investigation into the Existence of a Hypervigilance Subtype of Auditory Hallucination in People with Psychosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Garwood ◽  
Guy Dodgson ◽  
Vicki Bruce ◽  
Simon McCarthy-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Hallucination ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
The Individual

Background: The phenomenological heterogeneity of auditory hallucinations (AHs) means individual models struggle to account for all aspects of the experience. One alternative is that distinct subtypes of AHs exist, with each requiring their own unique explanatory model and tailored cognitive behavioural intervention strategies. Aims: This exploratory study tested for the presence of one specific potential AH-subtype, hypervigilance hallucinations (HV-AHs). Method: Four specific aspects of the phenomenology of AHs (chosen on the basis of the predicted phenomenology of HV-AHs) were assessed using a semi-structured interview in 32 individual AHs taken from reports from 15 patients with psychosis. Results: Cluster analysis (at the level of the individual AH-experience) offered support for the existence of a distinct HV-AH subtype, characterized by hearing threatening, externally-located voices when attention was externally-focused. Other clusters identified all shared the contrasting properties of occurring in quiet contexts when patients’ attention was internally focused. Conclusions: The results offered tentative support for the existence of an HV-AH subcategorization and justifies future research in larger samples. Potential implications for models of AHs are also considered.

Testing a Brief Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention to Improve Extreme Shape Concern: A Case Series

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Farrell ◽  
Roz Shafran ◽  
Michelle Lee ◽  
Christopher G. Fairburn
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Shape Concern ◽  
Sustained Recovery

The successful treatment of extreme shape concern in patients with eating disorders has been shown to be important for their sustained recovery. This case series reports a preliminary investigation of the effects of a new brief cognitive-behavioural intervention for extreme shape concern. The intervention, which is implemented in a single 2-hour session, addresses four mechanisms hypothesized to contribute to the maintenance of extreme shape concern and is designed to be suitable as an adjunct to existing treatments for eating disorders. Participants were five women with extreme shape concern and three female patients with eating disorders. The results indicate that the intervention was effective to various degrees in each participant, and suggest that the intervention warrants further investigation. In particular, methods of increasing the potency of the intervention should be investigated, and its efficacy tested in a larger controlled study.

SHORT TERM DURABILITY OF A COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL INTERVENTION IN PSYCHOSIS: EFFECTS FROM A PILOT STUDY

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline L. Hall ◽  
Nicholas Tarrier
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Project ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention

Low self-esteem in psychosis is common and has been found to be significantly related to a number of clinical variables and to symptom severity. This report describes the follow-up evaluation of a simple time-limited cognitive behavioural intervention aimed to improve feelings of low self-worth in the treatment of psychotic symptoms. A previous small scale pilot project found encouraging results for the efficacy of the novel intervention following its delivery and at 3-month follow-up. This report examines the benefits of the technique at 12 months following delivery of the intervention. These preliminary results suggest that the intervention may promote improved levels of self-esteem, psychotic symptomatology and social functioning over the longer term. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy For Auditory Hallucinations Without Concurrent Medication: A Single Case

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Concurrent Medication

A 38 year old patient with auditory hallucinations was treated with a brief cognitive-behavioural intervention without concurrent medication. This intervention was based upon the theory of Bentall (1990a, b) and the methods of Haddock, Bentall and Slade (1993). The patient's ratings for frequency of hallucinations and distress caused were significantly reduced at end of treatment, and her belief in the reality of these voices was correspondingly diminished. These gains were maintained at one and three month follow-up.

scholarly journals The Four Ws of Test Anxiety

Psychologica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-52
Author(s):  
Wendy Symes ◽  
David W. Putwain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention

Test anxiety refers to the tendency to appraise tests and test-like situations, where performance is evaluated, as threatening and respond with high levels of state anxiety. High levels of test anxiety are associated with lower performance on test and examinations, and may also meet diagnostic criteria for clinical anxiety. In this paper we review: (i), the importance of the test anxiety construct and consider whether test anxiety may constitute a risk factor for clinical anxiety, (ii), the theoretical antecedents of test anxiety, with a specific focus on the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) Processing Model, and (iii), interventions for test anxiety in adolescents, with a specific focus on one cognitive-behavioural intervention, Strategies to Tackle Exam Pressure and Stress (STEPS). We bring the review to a close with a consideration of what the next steps might fruitfully be for research, theory, and intervention, and conclude there is much work still yet to be done in the field of test anxiety.

Pain Management in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Germond ◽  
Hein Helgo Schomer ◽  
Orlando Llewellyn Meyers ◽  
Lindsay Weight
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention

Psychological adjustment is thought to play an important role in determining pain experience, disease status, and immune function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fourteen female RA out-patients were tested longitudinally in a matched-random assigned two-groups design with cognitive-behavioural intervention designed to improve pain and stress management skills. Pre-intervention correlational analyses tested the extent to which mood disturbance, self-perceptions of coping efficacy, health locus of control, and stressful life experience were related to pain, disease activity, functional status and lymphocyte proliferation rate variables. Intra- and inter-group analyses were conducted to determine treatment effects, and case studies were conducted. RA was characterized more by poor psychological health status than physical disability, with pain more a function of psychological adjustment than actual disease status. No significant treatment effects were observed. Case studies indicated the complex nature of the individual disease experience. The value of cognitive-behavioural intervention in RA, and implications for future-related research are discussed in terms of such findings.

scholarly journals An integrated motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioural intervention promoting physical activity maintenance for adults with chronic health conditions: A feasibility study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-292
Author(s):  
Sarah E Scott ◽  
Jeff D Breckon ◽  
Robert J Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Maintenance

Objectives Physical activity is recommended for managing chronic health conditions but is rarely maintained. This feasibility study aimed to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of a motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioural intervention for long-term physical activity for adults with chronic health conditions. Methods Participants ( N = 37) with stable conditions (e.g. diabetes) were randomized into a three-month motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioural group ( N = 20) or usual care ( N = 17) after completing a physical activity referral scheme. Participants completed physical activity (e.g. average steps per day and kilocalorie expenditure), psychological (e.g. self-efficacy) and epidemiological (e.g. body mass index) standardized measures at baseline, three- and six-month follow-up. Treatment fidelity and feasibility were assessed. Results Thirty-five participants completed the study (96% retention). The motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioural group maintained kilocalorie expenditure at three ( p = 0.009) and six months ( p = 0.009). Exercise barrier self-efficacy ( p = 0.03), physical ( p = 0.02) and psychological ( p = 0.01) physical activity experiences were increased at three months only. No difference was found for average steps/day, social support, coping skills and epidemiological factors. Discussion This is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioural interventions for promoting physical activity maintenance in a clinical population. A large-scale trial with a longer follow-up (≥6 months) is warranted with treatment fidelity assessment.

Effects of a cognitive-behavioural intervention for women with rheumatoid arthritis

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
V.G. Sinclair ◽  
K.A. Wallston ◽  
K.A. Dwyer ◽  
D.S. Blackburn ◽  
H Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention
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