scholarly journals Executive function and metacognitive self-awareness after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMBERTO BIVONA ◽  
PAOLA CIURLI ◽  
CARMEN BARBA ◽  
GRAZIANO ONDER ◽  
EVA AZICNUDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Executive System

The objective of this study is to identify the clinical, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and functional variables that correlate with metacognitive self-awareness (SA) in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) outpatients and to assess the influence of the same variables on the sensory-motor, cognitive, and behavioral-affective indicators of SA. This cross-sectional observational study evaluated 37 outpatients from May 2006 to June 2007 in a neurorehabilitation hospital on the basis of the following inclusion criteria: (1) age ≥ 15 years; (2) diagnosis of severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale, GCS ≤ 8); (3) posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) resolution; (4) capacity to undergo formal psychometric evaluation despite cognitive and sensory-motor deficits; (5) absence of aphasia; (6) availability of informed consent. A neuropsychological battery was used to evaluate attention, memory, and executive functions. SA was assessed by the awareness questionnaire (AQ), administered to both patients and relatives. Decreased metacognitive self-awareness is significantly correlated with increased problems in some components of executive system, even when the AQ subscales were considered separately. The significant correlation found between some components of executive system and metacognitive self-awareness confirmed the importance of addressing this issue to treat SA contextually in the rehabilitation of executive functions. (JINS, 2008,14, 862–868.)

Metacognitive unawareness correlates with executive function impairment after severe traumatic brain injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAOLA CIURLI ◽  
UMBERTO BIVONA ◽  
CARMEN BARBA ◽  
GRAZIANO ONDER ◽  
DANIELA SILVESTRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Neuroimaging Data

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate clinical, neuropsychological, and functional differences between severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) outpatients with good and/or heightened metacognitive self-awareness (SA) and those with impaired metacognitive SA, assessed by the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS). Fifty-two outpatients were recruited from a neurorehabilitation hospital based on the following inclusion criteria: 1) age ≥ 15 years; 2) diagnosis of severe TBI; 3) availability of neuroimaging data; 4) post-traumatic amnesia resolution; 5) provision of informed consent. Measures: A neuropsychological battery was used to evaluate attention, memory and executive functions. SA was assessed by the PCRS, which was administered to patients and close family members. Patients were divided into two groups representing those with and without SA. Patients with poor SA had more problems than those with good SA in some components of the executive system, as indicated by the high percentage ofperseverativeerrors and responses they made on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Moreover, a decrease in metacognitive SA correlated significantly with time to follow commands (TFC). This study suggests the importance of integrating an overall assessment of cognitive functions with a specific evaluation of SA to treat self-awareness and executive functions together during the rehabilitation process. (JINS, 2010,16, 360–368.)

Rehabilitation outcomes of persons with severe traumatic brain injury: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Selvaraj Samuelkamaleshkumar ◽  
CatherineJudithHossanna ◽  
Ranjan Aruna ◽  
Suresh Annpatriciacatherine ◽  
Stephen Reethajanetsurekha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes

Domain-specific deficits in self-awareness and relationship to psychosocial outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity G. Hurst ◽  
Tamara Ownsworth ◽  
Elizabeth Beadle ◽  
David H. K. Shum ◽  
Jennifer Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Domain Specific

Depression, apathy and impaired self-awareness following severe traumatic brain injury: a preliminary investigation

Brain Injury ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1245-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Bivona ◽  
A. Costa ◽  
M. Contrada ◽  
D. Silvestro ◽  
E. Azicnuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Self Awareness

scholarly journals Burden and Preparedness amongst Informal Caregivers of Adults with Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6386
Author(s):  
Kirsten Lieshout ◽  
Joanne Oates ◽  
Anne Baker ◽  
Carolyn A. Unsworth ◽  
Ian D. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reported Data

This study examined the patterns of informal (unpaid) caregiving provided to people after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), explore the self-reported burden and preparedness for the caregiving role, and identify factors predictive of caregiver burden and preparedness. A cross-sectional cohort design was used. Informal caregivers completed the Demand and Difficulty subscales of the Caregiving Burden Scale; and the Mutuality, Preparedness, and Global Strain subscales of the Family Care Inventory. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to examine the relationships between caregiver and care recipient variables and preparedness for caregiving. Twenty-nine informal caregivers who reported data on themselves and people with a moderate to severe TBI were recruited (referred to as a dyad). Most caregivers were female (n = 21, 72%), lived with the care recipient (n = 20, 69%), and reported high levels of burden on both scales. While most caregivers (n = 21, 72%) felt “pretty well” or “very well” prepared for caregiving, they were least prepared to get help or information from the health system, and to deal with the stress of caregiving. No significant relationships or predictors for caregiver burden or preparedness were identified. While caregivers reported the provision of care as both highly difficult and demanding, further research is required to better understand the reasons for the variability in caregiver experience, and ultimately how to best prepare caregivers for this long-term role.

Emotion Perception and Alexithymia in People With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: One Disorder or Two? A Preliminary Investigation

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skye McDonald ◽  
Julia Rosenfeld ◽  
Julie D. Henry ◽  
Leanne Togher ◽  
Robyn Tate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractPrimary objective:Recent research studies attest to the presence of deficits in emotion perception following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Additionally, a growing number of studies report significant levels of alexithymia (disorder of emotional cognition) following TBI. This research aimed to examine the relation between the two, while assessing the influence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Design:Cross-sectional study examining levels of alexithymia, emotion perception disorders and PTSD and their association, in 20 people with severe, chronic TBI and 20 adults without brain injuries.Methods:Participants were assessed on the Toronto Alexithymia — 20 Scale, the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and on two emotion perception tasks: matching and labelling of photos depicting the 6 basic emotions.Results:The group with TBI were impaired relative to controls when matching facial expressions. Their performance on ‘fear’ was especially poor. Performance on labelling was similar in pattern, although failed to reach significance. There was no association between poor performance on fear, or other negative expressions, and either PTSD or alexithymia symptoms in the TBI group.Conclusions:Alexithymia, as assessed by the TAS-20, taps a constellation of difficulties that do not appear to include difficulties with emotion perception in people with traumatic brain injuries.

Neuroimaging Patterns Associated with Motor Control in Traumatic Brain Injury

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lotze ◽  
W. Grodd ◽  
F. A. Rodden ◽  
E. Gut ◽  
P. W. Schönle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fmri Signal ◽  
Signal Change ◽  
Motor Areas

Objective. To determine if patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and motor deficits show differences in functional activation maps during repetitive hand movements relative to healthy controls. Are there predictors for motor outcome in the functional maps of these patients? Methods. In an exploratory cross-sectional study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) response in cortical motor areas of 34 patients suffering from moderate motor deficits after TBI as they performed unilateral fist-clenching motions. Twelve of these patients with unilateral motor deficits were studied 3 months after TBI and a 2nd time approximately 4 months later. Results. Compared to age-matched, healthy controls performing the same task, TBI patients showed diminished fMRI-signal change in the primary sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the moving hand (cSM1), the contralateral dorsal premotor cortex, and bilaterally in the supplementary motor areas (SMAs). Clinical impairment and the magnitude of the fMRI-signal change in cSM1 and SMA were negatively correlated. Patients with poor and good motor recovery showed comparable motor impairment at baseline. Only patients who evolved to “poor clinical outcome” had decreased fMRI-signal change in the cSM1 during baseline. Conclusions. These observations raise the hypothesis that the magnitude of the fMRI-signal change in the cSM1 region could have prognostic value in the evaluation of patients with TBI.

scholarly journals Preventive Strategies for Feeding Intolerance in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in China: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Fang ◽  
Yuanyuan Ma ◽  
Haiyan He ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Jingci Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Feeding Intolerance ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Gastric Residual Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The application of preventive strategies for feeding intolerance in severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) patients is discrepant among different hospitals. We aim to investigate the application status of preventive measures of feeding intolerance in China. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out among 996 clinicians and nurses working in intensive care units of 89 hospitals in China (response rate of 89.81%). Data were collected by means of an online survey. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze respondents’ characteristics and questionnaire responses. Results Clinicians and nurses usually applied several methods simultaneously to assess gastrointestinal functions and risk of feeding intolerance among STBI patients, including assessment scales, gastrointestinal symptoms, etc. Furthermore, initiating enteral nutrition (EN) within 24-48 hours (61.45%), < 500 ml initial volume of EN solution (50.00%), using non-nutritional preparations as initial EN formula (65.56%), nasogastric tube EN (91.16%), continuous feeding by pump (72.89%), 30°-45° of head-of-bed elevation during EN (89.46%), monitoring gastric residual volume by syringe (93.67%), assessing gastric residual volume every 4 hours (51.51%), EN solution temperature of 38℃-40℃ (65.46%), prokinetic agents (73.29%), enema (73.59%), probiotics (79.01%), and antacid agents (84.13%), were mostly applied strategies in clinical practice for preventing feeding intolerance among STBI patients. Conclusions The data from the survey showed that medical staffs in China are closely concerned with the gastrointestinal functions of STBI patients and EN delivery protocol, and have a positive attitude towards preventive strategies for feeding intolerance. Meanwhile, there are still many points need to be paid attention to and solved, and researchers, clinicians, nurses and dietitians should strengthen the cooperation to explore more valuable preventive strategies for feeding intolerance in STBI patients.

Further Directions in Cognitive Rehabilitation in Community- and Home-based Daily Trainings in Clients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2010 ◽  
pp. 266-281
Author(s):  
Masako Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Reading Abilities ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
One Year ◽  
Paper Method

Community- and home-based daily intense cognitive rehabilitation (CR) of traumatic brain injury (TBI) clients was initiated on the basis on knowledge mentioned in Chapter 17. In the CR, statistically significant changes were demonstrated in attention and reading abilities in sixteen severe TBI clients by one-year daily CR. Improvement of memory and executive functions required more training periods as shown later. The temporary minimum scores of four neuropsychological tests required for social reentry, namely, 50 in TEA, 15 in RBMT, 80 in BADS and 40 in JART, were determined as a goal of our CR. In addition to the drill (pen and paper) method mainly using workbooks, a more advanced program for CR, particularly in clients who reached the required level, was developed together with the clients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document