The Neuropsychological Profile of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Lewy Body Dementias

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Ciafone ◽  
Bethany Little ◽  
Alan J. Thomas ◽  
Peter Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Trail Making

AbstractObjectives:Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) have substantial clinical and biological overlap, with cognitive deficits typically observed in the executive and visuospatial domains. However, the neuropsychological profiles of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with these disorders are not well understood.Methods:This systematic review examined existing literature on cognition in MCI due to LB disease (MCI-LB) and PD (PD-MCI) using an electronic search of seven databases (Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and ScienceDirect). MCI-LB results were reviewed narratively given the small number of resulting papers (n = 7). Outcome variables from PD-MCI studies (n = 13) were extracted for meta-analysis of standardised mean differences (SMD).Results:In MCI-LB, executive dysfunction and slowed processing speed were the most prominent impairments, while visuospatial and working memory (WM) functions were also poor. MCI-LB scored significantly lower on verbal memory tests relative to controls, but significantly higher than patients with MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease. Quantitative analysis of studies in PD-MCI showed a similar profile of impairment, with the largest deficits in visuospatial function (Benton Judgement of Line Orientation, SMD g = −2.09), executive function (Trail Making Test B, SMD g = −1.65), verbal ability (Naming Tests, SMD g = −0.140), and WM (Trail Making Test A, SMD g = −1.20). In both MCI-LB and PD-MCI, verbal and visuospatial memory retrieval was impaired, while encoding and storage appeared relatively intact.Conclusions:The findings of this systematic review indicate similar neuropsychological profiles in the MCI stages of DLB and PDD. Executive impairment may at least partially explain poor performance in other domains.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Impairments and Their Cognitive Architecture in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with Lewy Bodies and MCI-Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Joanna Ciafone ◽  
Alan Thomas ◽  
Rory Durcan ◽  
Paul C Donaghy ◽  
Calum A Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Trail Making

Abstract Objective: The present study aimed to clarify the neuropsychological profile of the emergent diagnostic category of Mild Cognitive Impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) and determine whether domain-specific impairments such as in memory were related to deficits in domain-general cognitive processes (executive function or processing speed). Method: Patients (n = 83) and healthy age- and sex-matched controls (n = 34) underwent clinical and imaging assessments. Probable MCI-LB (n = 44) and MCI-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (n = 39) were diagnosed following National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association (NIA-AA) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) consortium criteria. Neuropsychological measures included cognitive and psychomotor speed, executive function, working memory, and verbal and visuospatial recall. Results: MCI-LB scored significantly lower than MCI-AD on processing speed [Trail Making Test B: p = .03, g = .45; Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST): p = .04, g = .47; DSST Error Check: p < .001, g = .68] and executive function [Trail Making Test Ratio (A/B): p = .04, g = .52] tasks. MCI-AD performed worse than MCI-LB on memory tasks, specifically visuospatial (Modified Taylor Complex Figure: p = .01, g = .46) and verbal (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test: p = .04, g = .42) delayed recall measures. Stepwise discriminant analysis correctly classified the subtype in 65.1% of MCI patients (72.7% specificity, 56.4% sensitivity). Processing speed accounted for more group-associated variance in visuospatial and verbal memory in both MCI subtypes than executive function, while no significant relationships between measures were observed in controls (all ps > .05) Conclusions: MCI-LB was characterized by executive dysfunction and slowed processing speed but did not show the visuospatial dysfunction expected, while MCI-AD displayed an amnestic profile. However, there was considerable neuropsychological profile overlap and processing speed mediated performance in both MCI subtypes.

Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: Clustering and Switching Analyses in Verbal Fluency Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Galtier ◽  
Antonieta Nieto ◽  
Jesús N. Lorenzo ◽  
José Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Test Analysis

AbstractObjectives: Mild cognitive impairment is common in non-demented Parkinson disease patients (PD-MCI) and is considered as a risk factor for dementia. Executive dysfunction has been widely described in PD and the Verbal Fluency Tests (VFT) are often used for executive function assessment in this pathology. The Movement Disorder Society (MDS) published guidelines for PD-MCI diagnosis in 2012. However, no investigation has focused on the qualitative analysis of VFT in PD-MCI. The aim of this work was to study the clustering and switching strategies in VFT in PD-MCI patients. Moreover, these variables are considered as predictors for PD-MCI diagnosis. Methods: Forty-three PD patients and twenty normal controls were evaluated with a neuropsychological protocol and the MDS criteria for PD-MCI were applied. Clustering and switching analysis were conducted for VFT. Results: The percentage of patients diagnosed with PD-MCI was 37.2%. The Mann-Whitney U test analysis showed that PD-MCI performed poorly in different cognitive measures (digit span, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, judgment of line orientation, and comprehension test), compared to PD patients without mild cognitive impairment (PD-nMCI). Phonemic fluency analyses showed that PD-MCI patients produced fewer words and switched significantly less, compared to controls and PD-nMCI. Concerning semantic fluency, the PD-MCI group differed significantly, compared to controls and PD-nMCI, in switches. Discriminant function analyses and logistic regression analyses revealed that switches predicted PD-MCI. Conclusions: PD-MCI patients showed poor performance in VFT related to the deficient use of production strategies. The number of switches is a useful predictor for incident PD-MCI. (JINS, 2017, 23, 511–520)

scholarly journals Distinctive neuropsychological profiles differentiate patients with functional memory disorder from patients with amnestic-mild cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J Wakefield ◽  
Daniel J Blackburn ◽  
Kirsty Harkness ◽  
Aijaz Khan ◽  
Markus Reuber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Memory Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile

ObjectivesPatients with functional memory disorder (FMD) report significant memory failures in everyday life. Differentiating these patients from those with memory difficulties due to early stage neurodegenerative conditions is clinically challenging. The current study explored whether distinctive neuropsychological profiles could be established, suitable to differentiate patients with FMD from healthy individuals and those experiencing amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI).MethodsPatients with a clinical diagnosis of FMD were compared with patients with a-MCI, and healthy matched controls on several tests assessing different cognitive functions. Patients with clinically established mood disorders were excluded. Patients with FMD and a-MCI were broadly comparable on the level of their subjective memory complaints as assessed by clinical interview.ResultsThe neuropsychological profile of the FMD patients, although they expressed subjective memory and attention concerns during their clinical interview was distinct from patients with a-MCI on tests of memory [semantic fluency, age of acquisition (AoA) analysis of semantic fluency, verbal and non-verbal memory]. FMD patients did not differ significantly from healthy controls, but their scores on the letter fluency and digit cancellation tasks were not significantly different from those of the a-MCI patients indicating a possible sub-threshold deficit on these tasks.ConclusionWhilst subjective complaints are common within the FMD population, no objective impairment could be detected, even on a sensitive battery of tasks designed to detect subtle deficits caused by an early neurodegenerative brain disease. This study indicates that FMD patients can be successfully differentiated from patients with neurodegenerative memory decline by characterising their neuropsychological profile.

Convergent Results from Neuropsychology and from Neuroimaging in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 144-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Fredrik Eliassen ◽  
Ivar Reinvang ◽  
Per Selnes ◽  
Tormod Fladby ◽  
Erik Hessen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background/Aims: To investigate the correspondence between neuropsychological single measures and variation in fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cortical thickness in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. Methods: Forty-two elderly controls and 73 MCI subjects underwent FDG PET and MRI scanning. Backward regression analyses with PET and MRI regions were used as dependent variables, while Rey Auditory Verbal Memory Test (RAVLT) recall, Trail Making Test B (TMT B), and a composite test score (RAVLT learning and immediate recall, TMT A, COWAT, and letter-number sequencing) were used as predictor variables. Results: The composite score predicted variation in cortical metabolism; supplementary analyses showed that TMT B was significantly correlated with PET metabolism as well. RAVLT and TMT B were significant predictors of variation in MRI cortical thickness. Conclusion: Our results indicate that RAVLT and TMT B are sensitive to variation in Alzheimer disease neuroimaging markers.

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