Economics of wastewater management in China's industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao An ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Philip Kofi Adom
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Environmental Treatment ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
National Environmental

AbstractThis article provides an economic investigation into the underlying causes of industrial wastewater emissions. We examine the direct and the structural break-induced effect of national environmental regulation on industrial wastewater emissions. The results show that strict environmental regulation can partially offset the energy-induced effects imposed by the scale effects of foreign direct inflows and cause positive behavioral responses by either limiting coal usage or improving upon coal usage technology and shift towards clean energy sources. We find the absence of scale economies in the provision of environmental services in the industrial sector due to the poor nature of the technical processes of industries. We further highlight the importance of raising the investment in environmental treatment and embracing trade liberalization in the improvement of industrial wastewater management.

Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in a Developing Country Context: Evidence at the Firm Level from Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Local Conditions

Wastewater reuse constitutes an alternative supply source of water. It not only increases the amount of water available but also reduces water pollution. The benefits and costs of this practice, and the public perception of reuse are the focus of several studies. However, the evidence on industrial wastewater reuse at the firm level remains scant. This paper is aimed at filling this gap by presenting evidence on the determinants of both wastewater treatment and reuse practices in a developing country context. I use firm level data from the Survey on Firms’ Environmental Practices of Ecuador. My results show that wastewater management in general, and reuse in particular, are still limited practices in the industrial sector of the country. My results suggest that firm’s decisions to treat and reuse depends on long-term firm’s characteristics, such as annual investment, the nature of the production process and local conditions, as well as the scale of production and water consumption. Volumes of wastewater treated and reused depend positively on the amount of water used in the production process and the firm’s annual level of investment or expenditure. The cost of the practice only affects the volume treated. The results suggest that targeting water-intensive industry sectors and the costs of wastewater treatment can play an important role for a more sustainable use of water in the industrial sector of Ecuador.

scholarly journals Environmental Regulation for Transfer of Pollution-Intensive Industries: Evidence From Chinese Provinces

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Li ◽  
Huaping Sun ◽  
Yunsu Du ◽  
Ziyao Li ◽  
Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Industrial Transfer ◽  
Theoretical Mechanism ◽  
Threshold Regression Model ◽  
The Impact

How environmental regulations affect the transfer of pollution-intensive industries is the core issue of balanced regional development and pollution reduction in China. This paper analyses the theoretical mechanism of the impact of environmental regulation on industrial transfer based on the distinction between formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation. To this aim, the paper selects panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2018 and uses the fixed effect econometric model to test the impact of environmental regulation on the transfer of pollution-intensive industries, then uses a threshold regression model to study the threshold characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of environmental regulation on pollution-intensive industrial transfer. The results show a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between formal environmental regulation and the transfer of pollution-intensive industries. The increase of formal environmental regulation intensity affects restraining and then promoting the transfer out of pollution-intensive industries. The promoting effect also shows the characteristics of first increasing and then decreasing, verifying that there are threshold characteristics and spatial heterogeneity. Overall, informal environmental regulation promotes the transfer of pollution-intensive industries and shows the informal regulation’s economic effect. The paper then puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions, including utilizing clean energy-saving technologies in the industrial sector, which is incredibly significant to realize the coordinated development of environmental protection and economy.

An Overview of Industrial Wastewater Management Using Integrated Algal Technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-172
Author(s):  
K. Dhandayuthapani ◽  
V. Sarumathi ◽  
Ravindra Prasad ◽  
Imran Pancha ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management

scholarly journals Electrochemical technology for environmental treatment and clean energy conversion

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1819-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Vitreous Carbon ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Electrochemical Technology ◽  
Environmental Treatment ◽  
Load Leveling

The applications of electrochemical technology in environmental treatment, materials recycling, and clean synthesis are briefly reviewed. The diversity of these applications is shown by the number of industrial sectors involved. The scale of operation ranges from microelectrodes to large industrial cell rooms. The features of electrochemical processes are summarized. Available and developing electrode designs are considered and illustrated by examples including the regeneration of chromic acid electroplating baths, metal ion removal by porous, 3-dimensional cathodes, rotating cylinder electrodes (RCEs), and a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) RCE. The use of performance indicators based on mass transport, electrode area, and power consumption is emphasized. Electrochemical reactors for energy conversion are considered, with an emphasis on load-leveling and proton-exchange membrane (PEM) (hydrogen­oxygen) fuel cells. Ion-exchange membranes play an essential role in such reactors, and the variation of electrical resistance vs. membrane thickness is described for a series of extruded, Nafion® 1100 EW materials. The characterization of high-surface-area, platinized Nafion surfaces is also considered. The development of modular, filter-press cells as redox flow cells in electrical load-leveling applications is concisely described. Trends in electrode, membrane, and reactor design are highlighted, and the challenges for the development of improved reactors for environmental treatment are noted.

Mathematical modelling of real-time control system for industrial wastewater management

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
Gábor Lakner ◽  
József Lakner ◽  
Éva Hajnal ◽  
Katalin Belafi-Bako
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control

Taxable Capacity, Tax Efforts and Structural Break: Do the Child States Follow Their Respective Parents?

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagendra Kumar Maurya ◽  
Sapana Singh ◽  
Shagun Khare
Keyword(s):  
Structural Break ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Break Points ◽  
The Impact

The present article makes an attempt to test the hypothesis whether smaller states have better fiscal efficiency in terms of own tax revenue collections or not. This has been tested by taking the case of three states Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar with their child states Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand, respectively. For this purpose tax buoyancy, tax capacity and efforts, and structural break models—Chow test (with known break points) and Quandt likelihood ratio (QLR) test (with unknown break points), to see the impact of value added tax (VAT) on own tax revenue (OTR)—have been estimated. Log-log regression model was adopted for both calculating tax buoyancies and taxable capacity of each parent and child state. However, we did not find any conclusive evidence that child states have better tax buoyancy or tax efforts. On the basis of our observations, we concluded that the size of the state is not a major determinant affecting revenue efficiency of the state. Other supplementary policies like efficient tax administration, developed industrial sector, reduced exemptions and concessions, broad-based and effective tax rates are equally important. JEL Classification: H11, H21, H71, R50

Industrial Wastewater Treatment and its Environmental Impact on the Zarqa River

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
S. S. Al Salem
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Sustainable Policy ◽  
Zarqa River ◽  
Major Surface

The Zarqa River is Jordan's major surface and ground water basin, where most of the industries are located. A summary of an industrial waste water survey is presented, with quantity and quality of the discharges and methods of disposal. Compliance with the effluent standard and the effect on the environment is discussed. It is concluded that there is contamination of surface water and a potential of contamination of ground water, the river bed and soils adjacent to the river. The existing regulation, standard and practices in industrial wastewater management are reviewed and new principles are suggested to be adopted for setting a sustainable policy in wastewater management.

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