scholarly journals The dynamics of computer music

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Keyword(s):  
Computer Music ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Edgard Varese ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Educative Process ◽  
Musical Creativity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Embedded Intelligence

'Organised sound' - the term coined by Edgard Varèse for a new definition of musical constructivism - denotes for our increasingly technologically dominated culture an urge towards the recognition of the human impulse behind the 'system'. Such is the diversity of activity in today's computer music, we need to maintain a balance between technological advances and musically creative and scholarly endeavour, at all levels of an essentially educative process. The model of 'life-long learning' makes a special kind of sense when we can explore our musical creativity in partnership with the computer, a machine now capable of sophisticated response from a humanly embedded intelligence.

The Evolution of Psychoanalytic Practice with Psychotic Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Sophie de Mijolla-Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Special Kind ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychoanalytic Method

This paper deals with the evolution of the psychoanalytic practice with psychotic patients beginning with Freud's scepticism about the transference capacities of those patients to a new definition of a special kind of psychotic transference. The main hypothesis is that the actual case of psychotics within a psychoanalytic cure has modified the psychoanalytic method itself, even in the field of neuroses. Within the framework and, more specifically, in the case of schizophrenics, this paper develops some reflections on the evolution of the three following concepts: transference/countertransference, communication and interpretation, and reality.

scholarly journals Mathematical model for the thermal enhancement of radiation response: thermodynamic approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana M. De Mendoza ◽  
Soňa Michlíková ◽  
Johann Berger ◽  
Jens Karschau ◽  
Leoni A. Kunz-Schughart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Reversible Process ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Thermal Enhancement ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractRadiotherapy can effectively kill malignant cells, but the doses required to cure cancer patients may inflict severe collateral damage to adjacent healthy tissues. Recent technological advances in the clinical application has revitalized hyperthermia treatment (HT) as an option to improve radiotherapy (RT) outcomes. Understanding the synergistic effect of simultaneous thermoradiotherapy via mathematical modelling is essential for treatment planning. We here propose a theoretical model in which the thermal enhancement ratio (TER) relates to the cell fraction being radiosensitised by the infliction of sublethal damage through HT. Further damage finally kills the cell or abrogates its proliferative capacity in a non-reversible process. We suggest the TER to be proportional to the energy invested in the sensitisation, which is modelled as a simple rate process. Assuming protein denaturation as the main driver of HT-induced sublethal damage and considering the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of cellular proteins, the sensitisation rates were found to depend exponentially on temperature; in agreement with previous empirical observations. Our findings point towards an improved definition of thermal dose in concordance with the thermodynamics of protein denaturation. Our predictions well reproduce experimental in vitro and in vivo data, explaining the thermal modulation of cellular radioresponse for simultaneous thermoradiotherapy.

ALTERNATIVE COEFFICIENT OF CONCORDANCE IN CASE OF CONNECTED RANKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Лубенец
Keyword(s):  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
Complete Consistency ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Good Agreement

Рассматривается оценка согласованности мнений экспертов при проведении экспертного опроса. Наиболее часто в качестве такой оценки применяется коэффициент конкордации Кендалла. Однако этот коэффициент не может в полной мере применяться для установления хорошей согласованности мнений экспертов, поскольку он показывает только отклонение от случаев полной несогласованности. Для устранения данного недостатка может рассматриваться альтернативный коэффициент конкордации, оценивающий близость сумм рангов альтернатив к случаю полной согласованности. Здесь дается определение этого коэффициента при наличии связанных рангов. Сложность определения заключается в том, что в этом случае наблюдается несколько случаев полной согласованности с различными суммами рангов. Определение альтернативного коэффициента конкордации при наличии связанных рангов проводится в два этапа. Сначала вводится его определение для упорядоченных таблиц специального вида и показывается его совпадение с коэффициентом конкордации Кендалла в этом случае. После дается определение альтернативного коэффициента конкордации в общем случае и показывается более простая формула его вычисления. Далее приводятся некоторые примеры сравнений значений рассматриваемых коэффициентов конкордации, их статистических характеристик и гистограмм The article considers evaluation of expert opinion consistency when conducting an expert survey. The most commonly used score is Kendall's coefficient of concordance. However, this coefficient cannot be fully applied to establish good agreement of expert opinions, as it only shows deviations from cases of complete inconsistency. To eliminate this drawback, an alternative concordance coefficient can be considered, which estimates the proximity of the sums of the ranks of the alternatives to the case of complete consistency. The article gives the definition of this coefficient in the presence of connected ranks. The difficulty of this definition lies in the fact that in this case there are several cases of complete consistency with different sums of ranks. Definition of the alternative coefficient of concordance in the presence of tied ranks is carried out in two stages. First, its definition for ordered tables of a special kind is introduced and its coincidence with Kendall's coefficient of concordance in this case is shown. After that, the definition of the alternative coefficient of concordance in the general case is given and a simpler formula for its calculation is shown. Below are some examples of comparisons of the values of the considered concordance coefficients, their statistical characteristics, and histograms

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of CreER transgenic mice for the study of brain macrophages – a case study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Chappell-Maor ◽  
Masha Kolesnikov ◽  
Jonathan Grozovski ◽  
Jung-Seok Kim ◽  
Anat Shemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Cre Recombinase ◽  
Brain Macrophages ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Communication Circuits ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Macrophage

AbstractConditional mutagenesis and fate mapping have contributed considerably to our understanding of physiology and pathology. Specifically, Cre recombinase-based approaches allow the definition of cell type-specific contributions to disease development and inter-cellular communication circuits in respective animals models. Here we compared Cx3cr1CreER and Sall1CreER transgenic mice and their use to decipher the brain macrophage compartment as a showcase to discuss recent technological advances. Specifically, we highlight the need to define the accuracy of Cre recombinase expression, as well as strengths and pitfalls of these particular systems that should be taken into consideration when applying these models.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Bronchiectasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 587-594
Author(s):  
Laia Fernández-Barat ◽  
Victoria Alcaraz-Serrano ◽  
Rosanel Amaro ◽  
Antoni Torres
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in patients with bronchiectasis (BE) is associated with a poor outcome and quality of life, and its presence is considered a marker of disease severity. This opportunistic pathogen is known for its ability to produce biofilms on biotic or abiotic surfaces and to survive environmental stress exerted by antimicrobials, inflammation, and nutrient or oxygen depletion. The presence of PA biofilms has been linked to chronic respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis but not in BE. There is considerable inconsistency in the reported infection/eradication rates of PA and chronic PA. In addition, inadequate antimicrobial treatment may potentiate the progression from intermittent to chronic infection and also the emergence of antibiotic resistance. A better comprehension of the pathophysiology of PA infections and its implications for BE is urgently needed. This can drive improvements in diagnostic accuracy, can move us toward a new consensus definition of chronic infection, can better define the follow-up of patients at risk of PA, and can achieve more successful eradication rates. In addition, the new technological advances regarding molecular diagnostics, -omics, and biomarkers require us to reconsider our traditional concepts.

Adaptive Hypermedia in Education

2018 ◽  
pp. 2357-2368
Author(s):  
Vehbi Turel
Keyword(s):  
Learning Style ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Adaptive Hypermedia ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Learning Style Preferences ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Efficient Learning ◽  
Style Preferences

The aim of this article is: (a) to give the definition of adaptive hypermedia (AH) and state what AH means, and (b) to explore the role of AH in education at this digital age, in which the majority of learners are generally digitally fluent and competitive (Turel 2015b, Gros et al., 2012, pp. 190-210) although some claims otherwise (Bullen, Morgan & Qayyum, 2011, pp. 1-24). Pedagogically and epistemologically, educational institutions (i.e. nursery, primary, secondary and high schools, colleges, vocational schools and colleges, life-long learning centres, adult education centres, and universities) should respond to such learning demands and differences to accommodate the digital-literate, wise and efficient learning style preferences of today's learners by providing AH learning materials for them. More frankly, educational institutions have to use and provide AH learning materials for their learners in order to be competitive in this digital age (Turel, 2014a; Türel, 2013; Duncan-Howell, 2012).

An artificial-intelligence-based method for assessing service quality: insights from the prosthodontics sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Martins ◽  
Fernando A.F. Ferreira ◽  
João J. M. Ferreira ◽  
Carla S.E. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Definition Of

PurposeThe prosthodontics sector is facing major challenges because of scientific and technological advances that imply a clearer definition of lines of action and decision making processes. Measuring quality of service in this sector is a complex decision problem since the perceptions of three main players need to be considered: patients, dentists and dental technicians. This study sought to develop an artificial-intelligence-based (AI-based) method for assessing service quality in the dental prosthesis sector.Design/methodology/approachUsing strategic options development and analysis (SODA), which is grounded on cognitive mapping, and the measuring attractiveness by a categorical based evaluation technique (MACBETH), a constructivist decision support system was designed to facilitate the assessment of service quality in the dental prosthesis sector. The system was tested, and the results were validated both by the members of an expert panel and by the vice-president of the Portuguese association of dental prosthesis technicians.FindingsThe methodological process developed in this study is extremely versatile and its practical application facilitated the development of an empirically robust evaluation model in this study context. Specifically, the profile analyses carried out in actual clinics allowed the cases in which improvements are needed to be identified.Originality/valueAlthough already applied in the fields of AI and decision making, no prior work reporting the use of SODA and MACBETH for assessing service quality in the prosthodontics sector has been found.

Neurolinguistic and syntactic evidence for basic level meaning in proper names

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Van Langendonck
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Common Noun ◽  
Definite Article ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Basic Level

This paper is intended to be an interdisciplinary investigation of the status of proper names, although it takes linguistics as its point of departure. In this study I will define proper names in terms of the currently developing Radical Construction Grammar, as promoted by Croft (to appear). Starting from the referential and semantic functions of proper names, I discuss the opposing theses of the language philosophers John Searle and Saul Kripke, and then formulate my position that proper names are assigned an ad hoc referent in an ad hoc name-giving act, i.e. not on the basis of a concept or predication as with common nouns. This ad hoc assignment can be repeated several times, so numerous people can be called John. Proper names do not have asserted lexical meaning but do display presuppositional meanings of several kinds: categorical (basic level), associative senses (introduced either via the name-bearer or via the name-form) and grammatical meanings. Language specifically, this referential and semantic status is reflected in the occurrence of proper names in certain constructions. I thus claim that close (or 'restrictive') appositional patterns of the form [definite article + noun + noun], e.g. the poet Burns, are relevant to the definition of proper names in English and also to the categorical (often basic level) meaning of the name. From proper names we can also derive nouns that appear as a special kind of common noun, e.g. another John. From a methodological viewpoint it is imperative to distinguish here between (proprial) lexemes or lemmas in isolation (dictionary entries) and proprial lemmas in their different functions (prototypically: proper name, nonprototypically: common noun or other). To corroborate the above theses, I will adduce recent psycholinguistic and especially neurolinguistic evidence. The overall argument will be based mainly on material from Germanic languages, especially English, Dutch and German.

scholarly journals The Digitalisation of the Economy: Russia in the Context of Global Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. V. Basaev
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
New Business ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

The article deals with the analysis of global trends and processes of transformation of the Russian economy associated with the increasing digitalisation. The author showed the modern manifestations of this transformation and revealed the consequences of digitalisation of the world economy, including the reduction of transaction costs, the emergence of new business models, the exclusion of intermediaries due to direct interaction between the consumer and the supplier. The author notes the absence of a generally accepted scientific definition of the digital economy both in Russia and abroad, separately analyses the history of this concept, reveals in detail the modern approaches to the definition of the term. The author concluded that most experts consider the digital economy as part of the socio-economic relations or a special kind of economic activity, based on new methods of processing, storage and transmission of data. The author also presented the features of the formation of the domestic digital economy. Finally, the author identified the problems and possible directions for using digital technologies that contribute to the reduction of technological backwardness in Russia.

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