The Evolution of Psychoanalytic Practice with Psychotic Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Sophie de Mijolla-Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Special Kind ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychoanalytic Method

This paper deals with the evolution of the psychoanalytic practice with psychotic patients beginning with Freud's scepticism about the transference capacities of those patients to a new definition of a special kind of psychotic transference. The main hypothesis is that the actual case of psychotics within a psychoanalytic cure has modified the psychoanalytic method itself, even in the field of neuroses. Within the framework and, more specifically, in the case of schizophrenics, this paper develops some reflections on the evolution of the three following concepts: transference/countertransference, communication and interpretation, and reality.

scholarly journals The contribution of resident physicians to hospital productivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Perez-Villadóniga ◽  
Ana Rodriguez-Alvarez ◽  
David Roibas
Keyword(s):  
Production Functions ◽  
Weighted Sum ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Suitable Parameter ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hospital Productivity ◽  
Natural Hypothesis

AbstractResident physicians play a double role in hospital activity. They participate in medical practices and thus, on the one hand, they should be considered as an input. Also, they are medical staff in training and, on the other hand, must be considered as an output. The net effect on hospital activities should therefore be empirically determined. Additionally, when considering their role as active physicians, a natural hypothesis is that resident physicians are not more productive than senior ones. This is a property that standard logarithmic production functions (including Cobb–Douglas and Translog functional forms) cannot verify for the whole technology set. Our main contribution is the development of a Translog modification, which implies the definition of the input “doctors” as a weighted sum of senior and resident physicians, where the weights are estimated from the empirical application. This modification of the standard Translog is able, under suitable parameter restrictions, to verify our main hypothesis across the whole technology set while determining if the net effect of resident physicians in hospitals’ production should be associated to an output or to an input. We estimate the resulting output distance function frontier with a sample of Spanish hospitals. Our findings show that the overall contribution of resident physicians to hospitals’ production allows considering them as an input in most cases. In particular, their average productivity is around 37% of that corresponding to senior physicians.

ALTERNATIVE COEFFICIENT OF CONCORDANCE IN CASE OF CONNECTED RANKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Лубенец
Keyword(s):  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
Complete Consistency ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Good Agreement

Рассматривается оценка согласованности мнений экспертов при проведении экспертного опроса. Наиболее часто в качестве такой оценки применяется коэффициент конкордации Кендалла. Однако этот коэффициент не может в полной мере применяться для установления хорошей согласованности мнений экспертов, поскольку он показывает только отклонение от случаев полной несогласованности. Для устранения данного недостатка может рассматриваться альтернативный коэффициент конкордации, оценивающий близость сумм рангов альтернатив к случаю полной согласованности. Здесь дается определение этого коэффициента при наличии связанных рангов. Сложность определения заключается в том, что в этом случае наблюдается несколько случаев полной согласованности с различными суммами рангов. Определение альтернативного коэффициента конкордации при наличии связанных рангов проводится в два этапа. Сначала вводится его определение для упорядоченных таблиц специального вида и показывается его совпадение с коэффициентом конкордации Кендалла в этом случае. После дается определение альтернативного коэффициента конкордации в общем случае и показывается более простая формула его вычисления. Далее приводятся некоторые примеры сравнений значений рассматриваемых коэффициентов конкордации, их статистических характеристик и гистограмм The article considers evaluation of expert opinion consistency when conducting an expert survey. The most commonly used score is Kendall's coefficient of concordance. However, this coefficient cannot be fully applied to establish good agreement of expert opinions, as it only shows deviations from cases of complete inconsistency. To eliminate this drawback, an alternative concordance coefficient can be considered, which estimates the proximity of the sums of the ranks of the alternatives to the case of complete consistency. The article gives the definition of this coefficient in the presence of connected ranks. The difficulty of this definition lies in the fact that in this case there are several cases of complete consistency with different sums of ranks. Definition of the alternative coefficient of concordance in the presence of tied ranks is carried out in two stages. First, its definition for ordered tables of a special kind is introduced and its coincidence with Kendall's coefficient of concordance in this case is shown. After that, the definition of the alternative coefficient of concordance in the general case is given and a simpler formula for its calculation is shown. Below are some examples of comparisons of the values of the considered concordance coefficients, their statistical characteristics, and histograms

scholarly journals The dynamics of computer music

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Keyword(s):  
Computer Music ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Edgard Varese ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Educative Process ◽  
Musical Creativity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Embedded Intelligence

'Organised sound' - the term coined by Edgard Varèse for a new definition of musical constructivism - denotes for our increasingly technologically dominated culture an urge towards the recognition of the human impulse behind the 'system'. Such is the diversity of activity in today's computer music, we need to maintain a balance between technological advances and musically creative and scholarly endeavour, at all levels of an essentially educative process. The model of 'life-long learning' makes a special kind of sense when we can explore our musical creativity in partnership with the computer, a machine now capable of sophisticated response from a humanly embedded intelligence.

Neurolinguistic and syntactic evidence for basic level meaning in proper names

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Van Langendonck
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Common Noun ◽  
Definite Article ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Basic Level

This paper is intended to be an interdisciplinary investigation of the status of proper names, although it takes linguistics as its point of departure. In this study I will define proper names in terms of the currently developing Radical Construction Grammar, as promoted by Croft (to appear). Starting from the referential and semantic functions of proper names, I discuss the opposing theses of the language philosophers John Searle and Saul Kripke, and then formulate my position that proper names are assigned an ad hoc referent in an ad hoc name-giving act, i.e. not on the basis of a concept or predication as with common nouns. This ad hoc assignment can be repeated several times, so numerous people can be called John. Proper names do not have asserted lexical meaning but do display presuppositional meanings of several kinds: categorical (basic level), associative senses (introduced either via the name-bearer or via the name-form) and grammatical meanings. Language specifically, this referential and semantic status is reflected in the occurrence of proper names in certain constructions. I thus claim that close (or 'restrictive') appositional patterns of the form [definite article + noun + noun], e.g. the poet Burns, are relevant to the definition of proper names in English and also to the categorical (often basic level) meaning of the name. From proper names we can also derive nouns that appear as a special kind of common noun, e.g. another John. From a methodological viewpoint it is imperative to distinguish here between (proprial) lexemes or lemmas in isolation (dictionary entries) and proprial lemmas in their different functions (prototypically: proper name, nonprototypically: common noun or other). To corroborate the above theses, I will adduce recent psycholinguistic and especially neurolinguistic evidence. The overall argument will be based mainly on material from Germanic languages, especially English, Dutch and German.

Finite Element Simulation of Multilayer Metal Cylinder Head Gaskets

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Durando ◽  
Domenico Petronio ◽  
Giuseppe Rivilli ◽  
Gabriele Virzi` Mariotti
Keyword(s):  
Cylinder Head ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Multilayer Metal

The ABAQUS gasket elements are an efficient and flexible tool to study gasket applications. Nevertheless their usage is not limited to gasket analysis, but it provides an effective improvement in structural analysis. The results point out that both the predicted contact pressure and the predicted stress distribution depend on the mesh topology. Several combinations of mesh dimension and topology are investigated. The purpose is the definition of a calculation methodology and the demonstration of the application efficiency. Complex models analysis highlights that the defined methodology represents an effective tool for the design and the optimisation of the head gasket, the cylinder head and the engine block. The methodology is then applied to an actual case. A layout modification to prevent a sealing issue is validated by the FEM analysis. The modification was introduced in the actual component. The qualitative and quantitative evidences provided by the calculation were confirmed by the experimental results obtained by colour films (not running engine with assembly loads at room temperature) and by the test bench (actual working conditions).

Impediments to the Recovery of Restitution by Crime Victims

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan T. Harland ◽  
Cathryn J. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Case Dispositions

Restitution is unique among criminal justice policies by virtue of the widespread support it has attained from many diverse constituencies. Restitution has received such universal praise as a panacea for victims of crime that in recent years a number of American jurisdictions have adopted legislation that creates a presumptive norm that restitution be awarded in appropriate cases. Despite popular support for its increased use and enactment of enabling legislation, restitution continues to be underutilized in actual case dispositions. The authors suggest that the underuse problem will not be cured and the powerful potential that restitution holds as a criminal justice sanction will not be realized until a consensus regarding the definition of restitution is achieved, significant gaps in the technical data about how restitution is effectuated are closed, and practical impediments to awarding and collecting restitution are dissolved. These goals, in turn, cannot be met until policy makers confront and begin to resolve the inherent conflicts posed when a restorative sanction, such as restitution, is pursued in a criminal justice system that is primarily punitive in nature.

scholarly journals The Digitalisation of the Economy: Russia in the Context of Global Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. V. Basaev
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
New Business ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

The article deals with the analysis of global trends and processes of transformation of the Russian economy associated with the increasing digitalisation. The author showed the modern manifestations of this transformation and revealed the consequences of digitalisation of the world economy, including the reduction of transaction costs, the emergence of new business models, the exclusion of intermediaries due to direct interaction between the consumer and the supplier. The author notes the absence of a generally accepted scientific definition of the digital economy both in Russia and abroad, separately analyses the history of this concept, reveals in detail the modern approaches to the definition of the term. The author concluded that most experts consider the digital economy as part of the socio-economic relations or a special kind of economic activity, based on new methods of processing, storage and transmission of data. The author also presented the features of the formation of the domestic digital economy. Finally, the author identified the problems and possible directions for using digital technologies that contribute to the reduction of technological backwardness in Russia.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE CITIES: EXAMINING THE DISCOURSE SMART VILLAGES, INTERNET CITIES OR CREATIVITY ENGINES

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Alraout
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Smart Communities ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Structure

The world's growing cities are a critical fact of the 21st Century, and represent one of the greatest challenges to the future. By the year 2050 cities with populations over three million will be more than double; from 70 today to over 150. When knowledge is perhaps the most important factor in the future of city's economy, there is a growing interest in the concept of the "knowledge city". An acceptable definition of knowledge city might be it is not just a regular city. It is a growing space of exchange and optimism in which each and everyone can devote himself to personal and collective projects and aspirations in a climate of dynamism, hannony, and creativity. A world examination of the status of Knowledge Cities will reveal a tangible development in collective efforts of declaring and developing such cities around the globe. On the contrary, Arab cities are building technological isolated projects thinking that they are promoting the same concept. An examination of projects like Egypt' Smart Village and Dubai's Internet City and Knowledge Village will be helpful in evaluating the knowledge status of contemporary Arab Cities.The purpose of this paper is to explore the knowledge city concept in depth. It will discuss the principles of a knowledge city, and portrays its distinguishing characteristics and processes. I'll argue in this paper that the concept of 'Knowledge Cities' is rooted in the urban, cultural structure of traditional Arab cities. Therefore an attempt to foster this concept in today's Arab cities would not be possible by building isolated technologicalstatement scattered around the city. Alternatively, the rise of the network society, global networks, linked cities and existence of smart communities should construct the basis for shaping Arab Knowledge Cities.In addition, the paper will introduce the concept of Urban Creativity Engines , and examples of various types will be presented. I II argue that this is a more comprehensive concept for constructing and evaluating knowledge cities. Although this concept and its terminology is new, the paper will prove that there are many historical examples, regionally and internationally, of knowledge cities and Innovation/Creativity Engines. A focus on the traditional built environment of the Middle Eastern cities will be included to examine the main hypothesis of the paper.

scholarly journals Language of Poetry and Poetic Discourse (on the Problem of the Relationship of Concepts)

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (4–5) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
Poetic Discourse ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Linguistics

The article examines the essential and logical-hierarchical relationships of such concepts as poetic discourse, poetic language, and the language of poetry. The relevance of the research is determined by fact that the understanding and interpretation of poetic discourse within the framework of the scientific theory is in a state of development, the methodology of literary criticism and linguistics is evolving, and many concepts are still confused. Opinions expressed by the researchers who have studied the essence of poetic language and language of poetry, as well as support the concept of poetic discourse, are analyzed. The main results of the study include the definition of concepts of ethical discourse, poetic language, and the language of poetry in close logical and epistemological relationship with each other. Based on the obtained results, the following conclusions are made. Firstly, the phenomenal essence of poetic language is described. Secondly, the mechanism of poetic discourse development is viewed as a result of two refractions (author’s and reader’s) of the language of poetry. At the same time, the language of poetry is presented as a locus (modus) of a worldview or a linguistic worldview. Thirdly, poetic discourse is considered as part of artistic discourse, which is not only emotional and aesthetic, but also cognitive and aesthetic content. The above-given conclusions are important for the theory of linguistics and literary criticism, because they contain the rationale for the statement that poetic discourse is a level of understanding and interpretation of the language of poetry as a mode of the linguistic reality. At the same time, poetic language is a skillfully applied technological side of a special kind of creative, heuristic activity.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE CITIES: EXAMINING THE DISCOURSE SMART VILLAGES, INTERNET CITIES OR CREATIVITY ENGINES

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Alraout
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Smart Communities ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Structure

The world's growing cities are a critical fact of the 21st Century, and represent one of the greatest challenges to the future. By the year 2050 cities with populations over three million will be more than double; from 70 today to over 150. When knowledge is perhaps the most important factor in the future of city's economy, there is a growing interest in the concept of the "knowledge city". An acceptable definition of knowledge city might be it is not just a regular city. It is a growing space of exchange and optimism in which each and everyone can devote himself to personal and collective projects and aspirations in a climate of dynamism, hannony, and creativity. A world examination of the status of Knowledge Cities will reveal a tangible development in collective efforts of declaring and developing such cities around the globe. On the contrary, Arab cities are building technological isolated projects thinking that they are promoting the same concept. An examination of projects like Egypt' Smart Village and Dubai's Internet City and Knowledge Village will be helpful in evaluating the knowledge status of contemporary Arab Cities.The purpose of this paper is to explore the knowledge city concept in depth. It will discuss the principles of a knowledge city, and portrays its distinguishing characteristics and processes. I'll argue in this paper that the concept of 'Knowledge Cities' is rooted in the urban, cultural structure of traditional Arab cities. Therefore an attempt to foster this concept in today's Arab cities would not be possible by building isolated technologicalstatement scattered around the city. Alternatively, the rise of the network society, global networks, linked cities and existence of smart communities should construct the basis for shaping Arab Knowledge Cities.In addition, the paper will introduce the concept of Urban Creativity Engines , and examples of various types will be presented. I II argue that this is a more comprehensive concept for constructing and evaluating knowledge cities. Although this concept and its terminology is new, the paper will prove that there are many historical examples, regionally and internationally, of knowledge cities and Innovation/Creativity Engines. A focus on the traditional built environment of the Middle Eastern cities will be included to examine the main hypothesis of the paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document