scholarly journals Energy contribution of sugar-sweetened beverage refills at fast-food restaurants

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 2349-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Breck ◽  
Jonathan H Cantor ◽  
Brian Elbel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
York City ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Fast Food Restaurant ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants

AbstractObjectiveTo identify demographic and consumer characteristics associated with refilling a soft drink at fast-food restaurants and the estimated energy content and volume of those refills.DesignLogistic and linear regression with cross-sectional survey data.SettingData include fast-food restaurant receipts and consumer surveys collected from restaurants in New York City (all boroughs except Staten Island), and Newark and Jersey City, New Jersey, during 2013 and 2014.SubjectsFast-food restaurant customers (n 11795) from ninety-eight restaurants.ResultsThirty per cent of fast-food customers ordered a refillable soft drink. Nine per cent of fast-food customers with a refillable soft drink reported refilling their beverage (3 % of entire sample). Odds of having a beverage refill were higher among respondents with a refillable soft drink at restaurants with a self-serve refill kiosk (adjusted OR (aOR)=7·37, P<0·001) or who ate in the restaurant (aOR=4·45, P<0·001). KFC (aOR=2·18, P<0·001) and Wendy’s (aOR=0·41, P<0·001) customers had higher and lower odds, respectively, of obtaining a refill, compared with Burger King customers. Respondents from New Jersey (aOR=1·47, P<0·001) also had higher odds of refilling their beverage than New York City customers. Customers who got a refill obtained on average 29 more ‘beverage ounces’ (858 ml) and 250 more ‘beverage calories’ (1046 kJ) than customers who did not get a refill.ConclusionsRefilling a beverage was associated with having obtained more beverage calories and beverage ounces. Environmental cues, such as the placement and availability of self-serve beverage refills, may influence consumer beverage choice.

scholarly journals Shake Shack IPO Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Caixia Hu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Food Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Fast Food Restaurant ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
Successful Business

The restaurant industry is one of the largest and fastest growing sectors in the economy in the United States. According to the National Restaurant Association (NRA), the food service industry is the third largest industry accounting for more than 4% of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). Shake Shack is an American fast food restaurant chain based in New York City. It started out as a food cart at Madison Square Park in 2000, and its popularity grew steadily. Shake Shack is currently one of the best fast-food restaurants in the world. This article discusses the successful business model of Shake Shack through IPO analysis.

Sexual and Racial Discrimination in Service-Seeking Interactions: A Field Study in Fast Food and Commercial Establishments

1988 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Juni ◽  
Robert Brannon ◽  
Michelle M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
York City ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Service ◽  
General Context ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants

Observers at fast food restaurants and banks in New York City catalogued the sex and race of 492 customers and of the cashiers who were chosen by those customers. Data analysis showed that black customers preferred black cashiers while white customers preferred white cashiers. In contrast, female cashiers were preferred by both male and female customers, although the tendency was somewhat more pronounced for women. Also documented was an apparent bias of employing women rather than men in food-service positions. The findings are discussed in the general context of discrimination and stereotypy.

scholarly journals What People Buy From Fast-food Restaurants: Caloric Content and Menu Item Selection, New York City 2007

Obesity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Dumanovsky ◽  
Cathy A. Nonas ◽  
Christina Y. Huang ◽  
Lynn D. Silver ◽  
Mary T. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Item Selection ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Menu Item ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
Menu Item Selection

Freedom of the Air in the United States

1931 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Blewett Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
State Board

On September 15, 1930, the State Board of Commerce and Navigation of New Jersey made a ruling that aircraft would not be permitted to land on any New Jersey waters above tidewater within the jurisdiction of the state. The application had been made for permission to operate a five passenger flying boat between Nolan's Point, Lake Hopatcong, a vacation resort, and New York City, and to set off a portion of the lake to make a landing place for the hydroairplane. It was stated that other inland waters in New Jersey were being used for a similar purpose, and the ground of the refusal was that aircraft flying from water constituted a menace to surface navigation. This ruling created considerable newspaper comment and aroused vigorous protest from persons interested in aviation, and by order of October 20, 1930, the ruling was limited to Lake Hopatcong.

VARIATIONS OF VERTICAL GRAVITY GRADIENT IN NEW YORK CITY AND ALPINE, NEW JERSEY

Geophysics ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Kuo ◽  
Mario Ottaviani ◽  
Shri K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
York City ◽  
Gravity Data ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Absolute Gravity ◽  
Gravity Gradient ◽  
Vertical Gravity Gradient

Careful gravity measurements with La Coste‐Romberg geodetic gravimeters were carried out in tall buildings on a floor‐to‐floor basis in New York City and on the Armstrong Tower, Alpine, New Jersey. Corrections for the instrumental drift and tidal gravity variation and for the Bouguer effect, topography, mass of the buildings, and subway and basement excavations have been applied to the gravity data, which are tied to the absolute gravity value of the National Gravity Base Station of Washington, D. C. The observed gravity versus elevation curves are nonlinear, particularly near the surface of the ground; the slope of the observed gravity anomaly versus elevation curves reverses sign at an elevation of about 170 ft for the campus buildings and about 350 ft for the downtown buildings, and is nearly linear without a reversal for the Armstrong Tower. The vertical gradients vary substantially even within short distances. Comparisons of the corrected observed gradients with the theoretical gradients of gravity are made. The anomalous gradient anomalies are positive and are correlated with the positive isostatic surface gravity anomalies. Calibration of gravimeters against the observed vertical gradient of gravity to an accuracy of ±2 μgal is definitely feasible provided the gradient is predetermined to a comparable accuracy by a standard instrument.

scholarly journals Migration of households from New York City and the Second Peak in Covid-19 cases in New Jersey, Connecticut and New York Counties.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam T Schulman ◽  
Gyan Bhanot
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
York City ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Address Data ◽  
Second Peak

The five boroughs of New York City (NYC) were early epicenters of the Covid-19 pandemic in the United States, with over 380,000 cases by May 31. High caseloads were also seen in nearby counties in New Jersey (NJ), Connecticut (CT) and New York (NY). The pandemic started in the area in March with an exponential rise in the number of daily cases, peaked in early April, briefly declined, and then, showed clear signs of a second peak in several counties. We will show that despite control measures such as lockdown and restriction of movement during the exponential rise in daily cases, there was a significant net migration of households from NYC boroughs to the neighboring counties in NJ, CT and NY State. We propose that the second peak in daily cases in these counties around NYC was due, in part, to the movement of people from NYC boroughs to these counties. We estimate the movement of people using "Change of Address" (CoA) data from the US Postal Service, provided under the "Freedom of Information Act" of 1967. To identify the timing of the second peak and the number of cases in it, we use a previously proposed SIR model, which accurately describes the early stages of the coronavirus pandemic in European countries. Subtracting the model fits from the data identified, we establish the timing and the number of cases, NCS, in the second peak. We then related the number of cases in the second peak to the county population density, P, and the excess Change of Address, ECoA, into each county using the simple model N_CS~P^α E_CoA^β which fits the data very well with α = 0.68, β = 0.31 (R^2 = 0.74, p = 1.3e-8). We also find that the time between the first and second peaks was proportional to the distance of the county seat from NY Penn Station, suggesting that this migration of households and disease was a directed flow and not a diffusion process. Our analysis provides a simple method to use change of address data to track the spread of an infectious agent, such as SARS-Cov-2, due to migrations away from epicenters during the initial stages of a pandemic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document