Gastrin, Nitric Oxide Synthase and their Role in Ulceration and Distention of Stomach after Cisplatin and Taxol Treatment

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Surinder K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Severe Nausea ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractility ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Head Neck

Cisplatin, a potent broad spectrum anti-cancer agent, has been proven effective in the treatment of different kinds of cancer, such as bladder, lung, ovarian, head, neck, etc.. Drawbacks of this chemotherapeutic drug are its toxic side-effects, which include severe nausea, vomiting, stomach distention and peptic ulcer.Taxol is another effective chemotherapeutic agent which is usually used in conjection with cisplatin. It has demonstrated impressive activity in breast, ovarian, lung, and head and neck cancers. The toxic side-effects include nausea, vomiting, nephrotoxicity. The mechanism of these gastrointestinal side-effects are still unclear. Because of the role of NOS and gastrin on stomach smooth muscle contractility and gastroprotection, these were studied in the rats after cisplatin and taxol administration.Wistar rats(100-150 g) were injected with cisplatin(9 mg/kg) and taxol(20 mg/kg) in five divided dosages over a period of 5 days. Rats were killed one day after the last injection. Rat stomach tissues were fixed in Bouin’s solution and processed for light microscopy.

Alhagi honey polysaccharides attenuate intestinal injury and immune suppression in cyclophosphamide-induced mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaofeng Cai ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Adelijiang Wusiman ◽  
Pengfei Gu ◽  
Ningning Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Intestinal Injury ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cancer Agent

Cyclophosphamide (Cy), extensively used as an anti-cancer agent, could cause diverse side effects such as immunosuppression and intestinal mucosal damage. Alhagi honey polysaccharides (AH), a polysaccharide isolated from Alhagi honey,...

Effects of Cisplatin Administration on the Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Somatostatin in the Pancreatic Islets

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Surinder K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Severe Nausea ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Cisplatin, a potent broad spectrum anti-cancer agent, has been proven effective in the treatments of bladder, lung, ovarian, head and neck, and testicular cancers. Drawbacks of this chemotherapeutic drug are its toxic side-effects, which include severe nausea, vomiting, stomach distention, peptic ulcer and hyperglycemia. Cisplatin treatment induces the hyperglycemia both in clinical situation and the rodents. Because of the role of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and somatostatin on the dysfunction of the β-cell of the pancreatic islets and the suppression of the insulin secretion, these were studied using immunocytochemical methods before and after cisplatin treatments using rats.Wistar rats (100-150 g) were divided into two groups of 6 animals each. One group received injections of cisplatin (9 mg/kg) in 0.85% saline in 5 divided dosages over a 5 days period. The other group received the vehicle of injection only. Rats were killed one day after the last injection.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide-dependent inflammation underlies Notch and PI3K/Akt oncogene cooperation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Nahuel Villegas ◽  
Rita Gombos ◽  
Irene Gutiérrez Pérez ◽  
Lucia García López ◽  
Jesús García-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Activating Mutations ◽  
Genetic Inactivation ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
Direct Targeting ◽  
Oxide Synthase

AbstractConcurrent activating mutations of the Notch and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways cooperate in the induction of aggressive cancers. Unfortunately, direct targeting of any of these aberrant pathways can result in severe side effects due to their broad physiological roles in multiple organs. Here, using an unbiased chemical in vivo screen in Drosophila we identified compounds that suppress the activity of the pro-inflammatory enzymes, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and lipoxygenase (LOX), capable to block oncogenic Notch-PI3K/Akt cooperation without unwanted side effects. Genetic inactivation of NOS and LOX signalling components mirrors the anti-tumorigenic effect of the hit compounds. We show that NOS activity and immunosuppression associated to inflammation facilitates Notch-mediated tumorigenesis. Our study reveals an unnoticed immune inflammatory process underlying Notch-PI3K/Akt tumours and exposes NOS as a druggable target for anti-cancer therapeutic development.

scholarly journals Emerging role of berbamine as an anti-cancer agent in systemic malignancies besides chronic myeloid leukemia

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 761-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Kapoor ◽  
Yun Liang ◽  
Xi Qiu ◽  
Rong-zhen Xu ◽  
Xiao-ying Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cancer Agent

Immune System Activation After Cisplatin or “Poly-Plat” Treatment: An in Vivo Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1048-1049
Author(s):  
D. J. Telgen ◽  
S. K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Cancer Agent

Cisplatin (cw-diamminedichloroplatinum II; CDDP) is a broad spectrum anti-cancer agent with severe toxic side effects. New platinum based chemotherapeutic agents with similar properties are in constant development. Poly-plat (Poly-[(teans-l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum]-carboxyamylose), a novel second generation platinum chemotherapeutic agent, has been shown to be less toxic compared to CDDP. The purpose of this paper was to examine the morphological changes in the Kupffer cells in the liver after poly-plat treatment in rats and compare the results obtained after CDDP. Peripheral blood was also examined for levels of circulating leukocytes.Wistar rats (120-160 g) were given intraperitoneal injections of either CDDP (9 mg/kg in 0.9% sodium chloride) or poly-plat (10 mg/kg in 0.9% sodium chloride) over a five day period. Controls were treated with equal amounts of the vehicle of injection. Peripheral blood was collected via tail vein beginning 1 day prior to treatment and continuing 10 days after treatment.

The Role of Sea Cucumber Active Compound and Its Derivative as an Anti-Cancer Agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Liliana Wargasetia ◽  
Sofy Permana ◽  
Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Active Compound ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cancer Agent

scholarly journals Anti-cancer effects of butyrate: use of micro-array technology to investigate mechanisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Williams ◽  
Jonathan M. Coxhead ◽  
John C. Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Micro Array ◽  
Cancer Agent

Epidemiological evidence suggests that a high intake of resistant starch and NSP protects against colo-rectal cancer. The mechanisms underlying this protection are thought to be mediated by the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, which is present in the colonic lumen in millimolar concentrations as a result of bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates that have resisted digestion in the small intestine. In vitro studies have shown that butyrate displays a host of chemo-preventative properties including increased apoptosis, reduced proliferation, down regulation of angiogenesis, enhanced immunosurveillance and anti-inflammatory effects in colo-rectal cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the apparent chemo-preventative actions of butyrate are largely unknown. The evidence supporting the role of butyrate as an anti-cancer agent is reviewed, with particular emphasis on those studies that have attempted to elucidate the mechanism of action of butyrate. Our understanding of the mechanistic action of butyrate and its role in cancer prevention is likely to advance considerably in this post-genomic era with the application of genomic and proteomic technologies. Studies are described that have used gene array and proteomic techniques to investigate the response of colo-rectal cancer cells to butyrate. These pioneering studies illustrate the potential of these technologies to help characterise the molecular responses of the cancer cell to butyrate, and to define the role of butyrate (and other nutrients) in the prevention of colo-rectal cancer.

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