scholarly journals Public pension wealth and household asset holdings: new evidence from Belgium

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Mathieu Lefebvre ◽  
Sergio Perelman
Keyword(s):  
Public Pension ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Household Savings ◽  
Microsimulation Model ◽  
Displacement Effect ◽  
Household Asset ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Pension Wealth

AbstractIt has been long suggested that public pension wealth may crowd out household savings. However, there remains controversy about the extent of this displacement effect. In this paper we use an original microsimulation model based on retrospective survey data collected through the third wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to estimate the displacement effect of public pension wealth on other wealth in Belgium. Combining this rich dataset with an accurate estimation of the individual pension entitlements allows us to circumvent some of the main measurement error problems faced by previous studies. We estimate that an extra euro of public pension wealth is associated with about 14–25 cent decline in households’ non-pension wealth.

New evidence for the life habit of graptoloids from physical modelling

Paleobiology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rigby ◽  
Barrie Rickards
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Band ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Life Habit ◽  
Passive Rotation ◽  
Directional Motion ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Colony Shape

Physical models of graptolites have been constructed for a range of morphologies, with emphasis on planar, multiramous forms. The models are life size and have the density of a living graptolite, based on the now-established collagenous nature of the periderm and unavoidable assumptions about the amount of extrathecal tissue present in the living colony. These models have been used to test the two main hypotheses of graptolite life habit developed by Bulman, Rickards, Kirk, and others. Testing of graptoloid models in water suggests that many rhabdosome shapes were designed for passive rotation within the water column. This is caused in the models by a variety of modifications, including changes in thecal and stipe orientation, alterations of colony shape and the addition of vanes and hooks. Rotation would only have been useful when the rhabdosome was in directional motion and the frequency of such modifications seems anomalous if no such movement occurred. Thus movement by some means is required, either passively, by changes in buoyancy, or by automobility. Spiralling action would increase the harvesting path of an individual living on a planar, multiramous colony, making this a theoretically advantageous mode of life for the morphology. It would prevent the individual zooids of scandent biserial and uniserial colonies from feeding from the same narrow band of water.

Corrosion Evaluation in Dual Completions Using a Multifrequency Electromagnetic Tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwen Dai ◽  
Ahmed Elsayed Fouda
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Inspection Time ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Calibration Algorithm ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Receiver Arrays ◽  
Production Tubing

Abstract Early detection of corrosion in well casings is of great importance to oil and gas well management. A typical well completion includes a production tubing inside a number of nested casings, which provide necessary well integrity and environmental protections. A multifrequency electromagnetic pipe inspection tool with multiple transmitter and receiver arrays was designed to accurately estimate the individual wall thicknesses of up to five nested pipes. The tool uses an axis-symmetric forward model to invert for wall thicknesses, among other pipe parameters. However, in cases where production occurs from two or more segregated zones, the well is generally equipped with more than one production tubing, which breaks the axial symmetry. In this paper, we show how the tool can further be employed to inspect the integrity of non-nested tubulars, such as dual completions. The performance of the tool is demonstrated using a full-scale yard mockup with known defects. A data-processing workflow, including multizone calibration and model-based inversion, is proposed to estimate the tubulars electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, wall thickness, and eccentricity. An in-situ, multizone calibration method is applied to remove adjacent tubings influence, thus enabling accurate estimation of the thickness of outer casings without having to pull out the production tubing. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the tool in wells with dual completions, a log was run in a 150 ft-long yard mockup with two strings of 2⅞ inch. tubing, two outer casing strings, and four different man-made defects on the casings. The tool is logged inside each of the tubing strings, and the two logs are inverted for the thickness and eccentricity of the tubing as well as the thickness of outer casings. Results from the yard test reveal that when the tool is logged in one tubing, it can accurately detect various kinds of defects on outer casings, even in the presence of a second tubing. The interference from the second tubing is shown to be minimal due to the employed calibration algorithm. A high degree of consistency is seen between the logs run in each tubing string. This suggests that if the goal is solely to monitor corrosion in the outer casings, it suffices to run the tool in only one of the tubing strings, further cutting nonproductive time. The techniques presented here enable pipe integrity monitoring without pulling the production tubings; tubings, therefore, minimizing inspection time and cost. The information provided by this tool can significantly improve the efficiency of well intervention operations, especially in areas with high corrosion rates.

Medicaid and household savings behavior: New evidence from tax refunds

2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A. Gallagher ◽  
Radhakrishnan Gopalan ◽  
Michal Grinstein-Weiss ◽  
Jorge Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Household Savings ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Tax Refunds ◽  
New Evidence

scholarly journals The clinical and functional measurement of cortical (in)activity in the visual brain, with special reference to the two subdivisions (V4 and V4α) of the human colour centre

1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (1387) ◽  
pp. 1371-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zeki ◽  
A. Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Colour Centre ◽  
Parametric Mapping ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Evidence

We argue below that, at least in studying the visual brain, the old and simple methods of detailed clinical assessment and perimetric measurement still yield important insights into the organization of the visual brain as a whole, as well as the organization of the individual areas within it. To demonstrate our point, we rely especially on the motion and colour systems, emphasizing in particular how clinical observations predicted an important feature of the organization of the colour centre in the human brain. With the use of data from functional magnetic resonance imaging analysed by statistical parametric mapping and independent component analysis, we show that the colour centre is composed of two subdivisions, V4 and V4α, the two together constituting the V4 complex of the human brain. These two subdivisions are intimately linked anatomically and act cooperatively. The new evidence about the architecture of the colour centre might help to explain why the syndrome, cerebral achromatopsia, produced by lesions in it is so variable.

Interrater Reliability of the New Sport-Specific Evidence-Based Classification System for Para Va'a

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Johanna S. Rosén ◽  
Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey ◽  
Keith Tolfrey ◽  
Anton Arndt ◽  
Anna Bjerkefors
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Water Test ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Test Level ◽  
Total Agreement

The purpose of this study was to examine the interrater reliability of a new evidence-based classification system for Para Va'a. Twelve Para Va'a athletes were classified by three classifier teams each consisting of a medical and a technical classifier. Interrater reliability was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation for the overall class allocation and total scores of trunk, leg, and on-water test batteries and by calculating Fleiss’s kappa and percentage of total agreement in the individual tests of each test battery. All classifier teams agreed with the overall class allocation of all athletes, and all three test batteries exhibited excellent interrater reliability. At a test level, agreement between classifiers was almost perfect in 14 tests, substantial in four tests, moderate in four tests, and fair in one test. The results suggest that a Para Va'a athlete can expect to be allocated to the same class regardless of which classifier team conducts the classification.

Politeness in Pragmatics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Z. Kádár
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Data Types ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
Second Wave

Politeness comprises linguistic and non-linguistic behavior through which people indicate that they take others’ feelings of how they should be treated into account. Politeness comes into operation through evaluative moments—the interactants’ (or other participants’) assessments of interactional behavior—and it is a key interpersonal interactional phenomenon, due to the fact that it helps people to build up and maintain interpersonal relationships. The operation of politeness involves valences: when people behave in what they perceive as polite in a given situation, they attempt to enactment shared values with others, hence triggering positive emotions. The interactants use valenced categories as a benchmark for their production and evaluation of language and behavior, and valence reflects the participants’ perceived moral order of an interactional context/event, that is, their perceptions of ‘how things should be’ in a given situation. Thus, the examination of politeness reveals information about the broader in-group, social, and cultural values that underlie the productive and evaluative interactional behavior of individuals. As politeness is a social action that consists of both linguistic and non-linguistic elements and that embodies a social practice, the research of politeness also provides insights into the social practices that surround individual language use. Pragmatics-based research on politeness started in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and has become one of the most popular areas in pragmatics. The field has undergone various methodological and theoretical changes. These include the “first wave” of politeness research, in the course of which researchers either attempted to model politeness across languages and cultures by using universal frameworks, or engaged in culture-specific criticism of such frameworks. In the “second wave” of politeness research, researchers attempted to approach politeness as an individualistic, and often idiosyncratic, interactionally co-constructed phenomenon. A key argument of the second wave is that politeness can only be studied at the micro-level of the individual, and so it may be overambitious to attempt to model this phenomenon across languages and cultures. In the “third wave” of politeness research, scholars attempt to model politeness across languages and cultures, without compromising the endeavour of examining politeness as an interactionally co-constructed phenomenon. Key phenomena studied in politeness research include, among others, impoliteness, intercultural interaction, cross-cultural similarities and differences of politeness, the gendered characteristics of politeness behavior, and convention and ritual. Politeness research is a multidisciplinary field that is engaged in the examination of a wide variety of data types.

Combination Rules and Maximum Response for Steel Buildings with PMRF Represented by Complex 3D MDOF Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 595 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Alfredo Reyes-Salazar ◽  
Eden Bojorquez ◽  
Federico Valenzuela-Beltran ◽  
Juan I. Velazquez-Dimas
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Combination Rules ◽  
Critical Response ◽  
Mdof Systems ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Correlated Components

The seismic responses of 3D steel buildings with perimeter moment resisting frames (PMRF), modeled as complex MDOF systems, are estimated and the accuracy of the commonly used rules to combine the individual effects of the seismic components, as well as the influence of the correlation of the components and the correlation of the individual effects on the accuracy of the rules, are studied. The responses are also estimated for several incidence angles of the horizontal components and the critical one is identified. It is observed that the rules underestimate the axial load but they reasonably overestimate the interstory and base shear. The effect of individual components may be highly correlated, not only for normal components, but also for totally uncorrelated components. Moreover, the rules are not always inaccurate in the estimation of the combined response for correlated components. On the other hand, totally uncorrelated components are not always related to an accurate estimation of the combined response. The critical response does not occur for principal components and the corresponding incidence angle of the seismic components varies from one earthquake to another. In the general case, the critical response can be estimated as 1.30 times that of the principal components.

Early intervention in psychosis: a new evidence based paradigm

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D. McGorry ◽  
Eoin J. Killackey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Indicated Prevention ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Early Intervention In Psychosis ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Major Health Issue

SUMMARYObjective – Even in countries whose mental health services are comparatively well resourced, the care offered to those in the early stages of psychotic illnesses is not what it could be. Patients often have to progress to chronicity before receiving adequate interventions, by which stage there has been great potential for harm, not only through the psychosis, but also to the quality of life of the individual who has often missed or not completed adequately, several important developmental tasks. Further, evidence indicates that delay in treatment is positively associated with poorer outcome. This paper puts the case for early intervention in psychosis. Method – Based on the experience of the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre in Melbourne, the paper reviews the evidence for and the criticisms of, early intervention. Using the concept of indicated prevention, it suggests ways in which clinicians can improve the interventions available to those experiencing the onset of psychosis and suggests that prepsychotic intervention may be possible. Results – Evidence discussed in this paper indicates that the development of mental illness is a major health issue in young people; that there is a positive correlation between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome; that it is possible to identify a proportion of those at high risk of developing mental illness; that through intervention it may be possible to reduce the transition rate to illness. Conclusion – Primary prevention is beyond the capacity of our present knowledge. Indicated prevention in the form of early intervention and optimal, sustained treatment is a paradigm for which there is increasing supportive evidence. It is a paradigm which is appealing to clinicians, patients, families and which has the potential to reduce the secondary impact of serious mental illness such as suicide, stigma, isolation and reduction in social status.

scholarly journals Antisocial Feminism? Shulamith Firestone, Monique Wittig and Proto-Queer Theory

Paragraph ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-379
Author(s):  
Lisa Downing
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Queer Theory ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Monique Wittig ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
The Family ◽  
Feminist Perspectives ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Second Wave

Recent iterations of feminist theory and activism, especially intersectional, ‘third-wave’ feminism, have cast much second-wave feminism as politically unacceptable in failing to centre the experiences of less privileged subjects than the often white, often middle-class names with which the second wave is usually associated. While bearing those critiques in mind, this article argues that some second-wave writers, exemplified by Shulamith Firestone and Monique Wittig, may still offer valuable feminist perspectives if viewed through the anti-normative lens of queer theory. Queer resists the reification of identity categories. It focuses on resistance to hegemonic norms, rather than on group identity. By viewing Wittig's and Firestone's critique of the institutions of the family, reproduction, maternity, and work as proto-queer — and specifically proto-antisocial queer — it argues for a feminism that refuses to shore up identity, that rejects groupthink, and that articulates meaningfully the crucial place of the individual in the collective project of feminism.

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