CONVERSING WITH THOSE WITH WHOM WE DISAGREE: A RESPONSE TO AIKIN AND TALISSE'S ‘ARGUMENT IN MIXED COMPANY: MOM'S MAXIM VS. MILL'S PRINCIPLE' (THINK 27)

Think ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Brenda Watson
Keyword(s):  
Dark Side ◽  
Do So

‘Mom's Maxim’ states that it is impolite to discuss religion or politics in mixed company. Instead, Aikin and Talisse want us to heed Mill's Principle: ‘He who knows only his own side of a case knows little of that.’ They want us actively to engage in debate with those who may disagree with us. To fail to do so may lead to irresponsible judgements, implied if not actually stated, of all those who hold positions different from our own. This points to a ‘dark side’ of Mom's Maxim.

High on God

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wellman ◽  
Katie Corcoran ◽  
Kate Stockly
Keyword(s):  
Dark Side ◽  
Senior Pastor ◽  
Interaction Ritual ◽  
Group Loyalty ◽  
Worship Services ◽  
Homo Duplex ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Do So

Humans are homo duplex, seeking to be individuals but knowing this is only possible in communities. Thus, humans struggle to integrate these two sides of their nature. Megachurches have been enormously successful at resolving this struggle. How do they do it, and what is it about their structure and rituals that makes so many feel as if they are high on God? The affective energies and emotional valences that characterize religious ecstasy are the primary focus of our study of megachurches. Empirically, humans want and desire forms of what Randall Collins calls “emotional energy.” Drawing on extensive qualitative and quantitative data on twelve nationally representative megachurches, we identify six desires that megachurches evoke and meet: acceptance, awe and spiritual stimulation, reliable leadership, deliverance, purpose, and solidarity in a community of like-minded others. Megachurches satisfy these desires through co-presence—being in the presence of other desiring people—a shared mood achieved through powerful musical worship services, a mutual focus of attention on the charismatic senior pastor who acts as an emotional charging agent, transformative altar calls, service opportunities, and small-group participation. This interaction ritual chain solidifies attendees’ commitment and group loyalty, and keeps them coming back to be recharged. Megachurches also have a dark side: they are known for their highly publicized scandals often involving malfeasance of the senior pastor. After examining the positive and negative sides to megachurches, we conclude that they successfully meet the desire of humans to flourish as individuals and to do so in a group.

scholarly journals Punishment and spite, the dark side of cooperation

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1553) ◽  
pp. 2635-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Cooperative Behaviour ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Harm To Others ◽  
Psychological Force ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Do So

Causing harm to others would hardly seem to be relevant to cooperation, other than as a barrier to it. However, because selfish individuals will exploit cooperators, functional punishment is an effective mechanism for enforcing cooperation by deterring free-riding. Although functional punishment can shape the social behaviour of others by targeting non-cooperative behaviour, it can also intimidate others into doing almost anything. Second-party functional punishment is a self-serving behaviour at the disposal of dominant individuals who can coerce others into behaving cooperatively, but it need not do so. Third-party and altruistic functional punishment are less likely to be selfishly motivated and would seem more likely to maintain norms of cooperation in large groups. These forms of functional punishment may be an essential part of non-kin cooperation on a scale exhibited only by humans. While punitive sentiments might be the psychological force behind punitive behaviours, spiteful motives might also play an important role. Furthermore, functionally spiteful acts might not be maladaptive; reckoning gains relative to others rather than in absolute terms can lead to hyper-competitiveness, which might also be an important part of human cooperation, rather than just an ugly by-product.

scholarly journals The dark side of 4321

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Guadagnoli ◽  
Méril Reboud ◽  
Peter Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Gauge Model ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Relic Density ◽  
The One ◽  
Do So

Abstract The evidence of Dark Matter (DM) is one of the strongest observational arguments in favor of physics beyond the Standard Model. Despite expectations, a similar evidence has been lacking so far in collider searches, with the possible exception of B-physics discrepancies, a coherent set of persistent deviations in a homogeneous dataset consisting of b → c and b → s semi-leptonic transitions. We explore the question whether DM and the B discrepancies may have a common origin. We do so in the context of the so-called 4321 gauge model, a UV-complete and calculable setup that yields a U1 leptoquark, the by far most successful single mediator able to explain the B anomalies, along with other new gauge bosons, including a Z′. Adding to this setup a ‘minimal’ DM fermionic multiplet, consisting of a 4 under the 4321’s SU(4), we find the resulting model in natural agreement with the relic-density observation and with the most severe direct-detection bounds, in the sense that the parameter space selected by B physics is also the one favored by DM phenomenology. The DM candidate is a particle with a mass in the WIMP range, freeze-out dynamics includes a co-annihilator (the ‘rest’ of the 4 multiplet), and the most important gauge mediator in the DM sector is the Z′.

The Talented Mr. Dukenfield

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
Paul A. Cantor
Keyword(s):  
American Dream ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Desperate Attempt ◽  
Do So

This chapter surveys W. C. Fields’s entertainment career, emphasizing his films, especially It’s a Gift and The Bank Dick. Fields lived the American dream, but he struggled enough to do so that he became acutely aware of its dark side. In an almost postmodern fashion, Fields was extremely self-conscious in his art and delighted in exposing its artificiality. His favorite role in his films was a con man. His films generally deal with men in uncomfortable domestic situations who turn to get-rich-quick schemes in a desperate attempt to escape the suffocating atmosphere of their homes. Fields gives his films happy endings, but they usually occur as a result of improbable turns in the plots, thus raising doubts about how realistic the successful resolutions truly are. Fields offers the paradox of an artist who provides lighthearted portrayals of the dark side of the American dream.

Climate Uncertainty and Illuminating Dark Ecology

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Climate Uncertainty ◽  
Dark Ecology ◽  
Do So

One of the most discussed problems regarding climate science is that the knowledge it claims to have is plagued by uncertainty. Timothy Morton’s dark ecology regards uncertainty as inextricable from any knowledge and also from any relation in general. This approach reveals that a rejection of uncertainty motivates both climate change deniers and their critics who would treat the conclusions of climate science as indisputable facts. Instead of treating uncertainty as a problem, dark ecology proposes that we learn how to live with it. But in order to do so, it recommends not only becoming attuned to the weird, “dark” side of things, but also tacitly suggests that the dark side is the only real one. Dark ecology is therefore bound to disregard those realms of human existence which are dependent upon transparency, such as public and political life. However, the article shows that particular processes in those realms have contributed significantly to the way the weird reality described by dark ecology became perceptible. Many of the features of global warming that dark ecology emphasizes - the impossibility of distancing oneself from it or of defining it completely and controlling it - become apparent only when a broad public controversy about its reality emerges and that controversy can never be resolved by citing allegedly certain facts The participants in such a controversy find that is impossible to convert the knowledge they have into a consensus. The article recommends taking that experience as a step toward attuning oneself to weird reality in which knowledge is more impotence than power.

Holding replication studies to mainstream standards of evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane T. Wegener ◽  
Leandre R. Fabrigar
Keyword(s):  
Replication Studies ◽  
Replication Research ◽  
Standards Of Evidence ◽  
Do So

AbstractReplications can make theoretical contributions, but are unlikely to do so if their findings are open to multiple interpretations (especially violations of psychometric invariance). Thus, just as studies demonstrating novel effects are often expected to empirically evaluate competing explanations, replications should be held to similar standards. Unfortunately, this is rarely done, thereby undermining the value of replication research.

Analysis of 2D and 3D defects associated with precipitation of Cu in silicon

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 870-871
Author(s):  
P.M. Rice ◽  
MJ. Kim ◽  
R.W. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Colony Growth ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Silicide Phase ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Unknown Composition ◽  
Secondary Precipitates ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
2D And 3D

Extrinsic gettering of Cu on near-surface dislocations in Si has been the topic of recent investigation. It was shown that the Cu precipitated hetergeneously on dislocations as Cu silicide along with voids, and also with a secondary planar precipitate of unknown composition. Here we report the results of investigations of the sense of the strain fields about the large (~100 nm) silicide precipitates, and further analysis of the small (~10-20 nm) planar precipitates.Numerous dark field images were analyzed in accordance with Ashby and Brown's criteria for determining the sense of the strain fields about precipitates. While the situation is complicated by the presence of dislocations and secondary precipitates, micrographs like those shown in Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) tend to show anomalously wide strain fields with the dark side on the side of negative g, indicating the strain fields about the silicide precipitates are vacancy in nature. This is in conflict with information reported on the η'' phase (the Cu silicide phase presumed to precipitate within the bulk) whose interstitial strain field is considered responsible for the interstitial Si atoms which cause the bounding dislocation to expand during star colony growth.

Electron Microscopy of a Herpesvirus Isolated from Marek's Disease in Duck and Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cultures

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 222-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Nazerian
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Chicken Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Duck Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
Multinucleated Cells ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
And Control ◽  
Do So

A herpes-like virus has been isolated from duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cultures inoculated with blood from Marek's disease (MD) infected birds. Cultures which contained this virus produced MD in susceptible chickens while virus negative cultures and control cultures failed to do so. This and other circumstantial evidence including similarities in properties of the virus and the MD agent implicate this virus in the etiology of MD.Histochemical studies demonstrated the presence of DNA-staining intranuclear inclusion bodies in polykarocytes in infected cultures. Distinct nucleo-plasmic aggregates were also seen in sections of similar multinucleated cells examined with the electron microscope. These aggregates are probably the same as the inclusion bodies seen with the light microscope. Naked viral particles were observed in the nucleus of infected cells within or on the edges of the nucleoplasmic aggregates. These particles measured 95-100mμ, in diameter and rarely escaped into the cytoplasm or nuclear vesicles by budding through the nuclear membrane (Fig. 1). The enveloped particles (Fig. 2) formed in this manner measured 150-170mμ in diameter and always had a densely stained nucleoid. The virus in supernatant fluids consisted of naked capsids with 162 hollow, cylindrical capsomeres (Fig. 3). Enveloped particles were not seen in such preparations.

Debates in Dysphagia Management: How Do You Use Evidence-Based Practice in Your Dysphagia Patient Care?

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Jeri A. Logemann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Do So

Evidence-based practice requires astute clinicians to blend our best clinical judgment with the best available external evidence and the patient's own values and expectations. Sometimes, we value one more than another during clinical decision-making, though it is never wise to do so, and sometimes other factors that we are unaware of produce unanticipated clinical outcomes. Sometimes, we feel very strongly about one clinical method or another, and hopefully that belief is founded in evidence. Some beliefs, however, are not founded in evidence. The sound use of evidence is the best way to navigate the debates within our field of practice.

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