scholarly journals The dark side of 4321

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Guadagnoli ◽  
Méril Reboud ◽  
Peter Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Gauge Model ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Relic Density ◽  
The One ◽  
Do So

Abstract The evidence of Dark Matter (DM) is one of the strongest observational arguments in favor of physics beyond the Standard Model. Despite expectations, a similar evidence has been lacking so far in collider searches, with the possible exception of B-physics discrepancies, a coherent set of persistent deviations in a homogeneous dataset consisting of b → c and b → s semi-leptonic transitions. We explore the question whether DM and the B discrepancies may have a common origin. We do so in the context of the so-called 4321 gauge model, a UV-complete and calculable setup that yields a U1 leptoquark, the by far most successful single mediator able to explain the B anomalies, along with other new gauge bosons, including a Z′. Adding to this setup a ‘minimal’ DM fermionic multiplet, consisting of a 4 under the 4321’s SU(4), we find the resulting model in natural agreement with the relic-density observation and with the most severe direct-detection bounds, in the sense that the parameter space selected by B physics is also the one favored by DM phenomenology. The DM candidate is a particle with a mass in the WIMP range, freeze-out dynamics includes a co-annihilator (the ‘rest’ of the 4 multiplet), and the most important gauge mediator in the DM sector is the Z′.

scholarly journals Effective Theory Approach to Direct Detection of Dark Matter

2020 ◽  
pp. 650-688
Author(s):  
Junji Hisano
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
The Standard Model

It is now certain that dark matter exists in the Universe. However, we do not know its nature, nor are there dark matter candidates in the standard model of particle physics or astronomy However, weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in models beyond the standard model are one of the leading candidates available to provide explanation. The dark matter direct detection experiments, in which the nuclei recoiled by WIMPs are sought, are one of the methods to elucidate the nature of dark matter. This chapter introduces an effective field theory (EFT) approach in order to evaluate the nucleon–WIMP elastic scattering cross section.

scholarly journals SUSY INTO DARKNESS: HEAVY SCALARS IN THE CMSSM

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (15) ◽  
pp. 1350061 ◽  
Author(s):  
VAN E. MAYES
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Parameter Space ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Relic Density ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

A survey of the mSUGRA/CMSSM parameter space is presented. The viable regions of the parameter space which satisfy standard experimental constraints are identified and discussed. These constraints include a 124–127 GeV mass for the lightest CP-even Higgs and the correct relic density for cold dark matter. The superpartner spectra corresponding to these regions fall within the well-known hyperbolic branch and are found to possess sub-TeV neutralinos and charginos, with mixed Bino/Higgsino LSP's with 200–800 GeV masses. In addition, the models possess ~3–4 TeV gluino masses and heavy squarks and sleptons with masses [Formula: see text]. Spectra with a Higgs mass mh≅125 GeV and a relic density 0.105 ≤ Ωχ0h2≤ 0.123 are found to require EWFT at around the one-percent level, while those spectra with a much lower relic density require EWFT of only a few percent. Moreover, the spin-independent neutralino–proton direct detection cross-sections are found to be below or within the XENON100 2σ limit and should be experimentally accessible now or in the near future. Finally, it is pointed out that the supersymmetry breaking soft terms corresponding to these regions of the mSUGRA/CMSSM parameter space (m0∝ m1/2with [Formula: see text] and A0= -m1/2) may be obtained from general flux-induced soft terms in Type IIB flux compactifications with D3 branes.

scholarly journals DARK MATTER CANDIDATE FROM CONFORMALITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. FRAMPTON
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Weak Interaction ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Relic Density ◽  
Baryonic Dark Matter

Abelian quiver gauge theories provide candidates for the conformality approach to physics beyond the standard model which possess novel cancellation mechanisms for quadratic divergences. A Z2 symmetry ( R parity) can be imposed and leads naturally to a dark matter candidate which is the Lightest Conformality Particle (LCP), a neutral spin-1 / 2 state with weak interaction annihilation cross-section, mass in the 100 GeV region and relic density of non-baryonic dark matter Ωdm which can be consistent with the observed value Ωdm≃0.24.

scholarly journals Extension of the standard model of electroweak interaction and Dark Matter in the tangent bundle geometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Tangent Bundle ◽  
Electroweak Interaction ◽  
Fiber Axis ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Vector Gauge

Abstract A generalized theory of electroweak interaction is developed based on the underlying geometrical structure of the tangent bundle with symmetries arising from transformations of tangent vectors along the fiber axis at a fixed spacetime point given by the SO(3,1) group. Electroweak interaction beyond the standard model (SM) is described by the little groups $$ SU(2)\otimes E^{c}(2)$$SU(2)⊗Ec(2) ($$E^{c}(2)$$Ec(2) is the central extended Euclidian group) which includes the group $$SU(2)\otimes U(1)$$SU(2)⊗U(1) as a limit case. In addition to isospin and hypercharge, two additional quantum numbers arise which explain the existence of families in the SM. The connection coefficients yield the SM gauge potentials but also hypothetical gauge bosons and other hypothetical particles as a Higgs family as well as candidate Dark Matter particles are predicted. Several important consequences for the interaction between dark fermions, dark scalars or dark vector gauge bosons with each other and with SM Higgs and Z-bosons are described.

scholarly journals Composite Dark Matter and a horizontal symmetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Carvunis ◽  
Diego Guadagnoli ◽  
Méril Reboud ◽  
Peter Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Flavor Symmetry ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Horizontal Symmetry ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The One

Abstract We present a model of composite Dark Matter (DM), in which a new QCD-like confining “hypercolor” sector generates naturally stable hyperbaryons as DM candidates and at the same time provides mass to new weakly coupled gauge bosons H that serve as DM mediators, coupling the hyperbaryons to the Standard Model (SM) fermions. By an appropriate choice of the H gauge symmetry as a horizontal SU(2)h SM flavor symmetry, we show how the H gauge bosons can be identified with the horizontal gauge bosons recently put forward as an explanation for discrepancies in rare B-meson decays. We find that the mass scale of the H gauge bosons suggested by the DM phenomenology intriguingly agrees with the one needed to explain the rare B-decay discrepancies.

scholarly journals TWIN AND MIRROR SYMMETRIES FROM PRESYMMETRY

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 3051-3063 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNESTO A. MATUTE
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Mirror Symmetry ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Higgs Particle ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Strong Sector ◽  
Left Right Asymmetry ◽  
The One ◽  
Mirror Matter

We argue that presymmetry, a hidden predynamical electroweak quark–lepton symmetry that explains the fractional charges and triplication of families, must be extended beyond the Standard Model as to have a residual presymmetry that embraces partner particles and includes the strong sector, so accounting for the twin or mirror partners proposed to alleviate the naturalness problem of the weak scale. It leads to the full duplication of fermions and gauge bosons of the Standard Model independently of the ultraviolet completion of the theory, even if the Higgs particle is discarded by experiment, which adds robustness to twin and mirror symmetries. The established connection is so strongly motivated that the search for twin or mirror matter becomes the possible test of presymmetry. If the physics beyond the Standard Model repairs its left–right asymmetry, mirror symmetry should be the one realized in nature.

scholarly journals The Xenon Road to Direct Detection of Dark Matter at LNGS: The XENON Project

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Pietro Di Gangi
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Background Level ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Experimental Physics ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Time Projection ◽  
The Universe

Dark matter is a milestone in the understanding of the Universe and a portal to the discovery of new physics beyond the Standard Model of particles. The direct search for dark matter has become one of the most active fields of experimental physics in the last few decades. Liquid Xenon (LXe) detectors demonstrated the highest sensitivities to the main dark matter candidates (Weakly Interactive Massive Particles, WIMP). The experiments of the XENON project, located in the underground INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, are leading the field thanks to the dual-phase LXe time projection chamber (TPC) technology. Since the first prototype XENON10 built in 2005, each detector of the XENON project achieved the highest sensitivity to WIMP dark matter. XENON increased the LXe target mass by nearly a factor 400, up to the 5.9 t of the current XENONnT detector installed at LNGS in 2020. Thanks to an unprecedentedly low background level, XENON1T (predecessor of XENONnT) set the world best limits on WIMP dark matter to date, for an overall boost of more than 3 orders of magnitude to the experimental sensitivity since the XENON project started. In this work, we review the principles of direct dark matter detection with LXe TPCs, the detectors of the XENON project, the challenges posed by background mitigation to ultra-low levels, and the main results achieved by the XENON project in the search for dark matter.

scholarly journals Whac-a-constraint with anomaly-free dark matter models

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia El Hedri ◽  
Karl Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Parameter Space ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Minimal Models ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The One

Theories where a fermionic dark matter candidate interacts with the Standard Model through a vector mediator are often studied using minimal models, which are not necessarily anomaly-free. In fact, minimal anomaly-free simplified models are usually strongly constrained by either direct detection experiments or collider searches for dilepton resonances. In this paper, we study the phenomenology of models with a fermionic dark matter candidate that couples axially to a leptophobic vector mediator. Canceling anomalies in these models requires considerably enlarging their field content. For an example minimal scenario we show that the additional fields lead to a potentially much richer phenomenology than the one predicted by the original simplified model. In particular collider searches for pair-produced neutralinos and charginos can be more sensitive than traditional monojet searches in thermally motivated parts of the parameter space where the mediator is outside the reach of current searches.

scholarly journals Shedding light on dark matter with recent muon (g − 2) and Higgs exotic decay measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Ting Lu ◽  
Raymundo Ramos ◽  
Yue-Lin Sming Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Atlas Collaboration ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Exotic Decay ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Matter Model ◽  
Dark Matter Model

Abstract Recently, we have witnessed two hints of physics beyond the standard model: a 3.3σ local excess ($$ {M}_{A_0} $$ M A 0 = 52 GeV) in the search for H0 → A0A0 → b$$ \overline{b} $$ b ¯ μ+μ− and a 4.2σ deviation from the SM prediction in the (g − 2)μ measurement. The first excess was found by the ATLAS collaboration using 139 fb−1 data at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV. The second deviation is a combination of the results from the Brookhaven E821 and the recently reported Fermilab E989 experiment. We attempt to explain these deviations in terms of a renormalizable simplified dark matter model. Inspired by the null signal result from dark matter (DM) direct detection, we interpret the possible new particle, A0, as a pseudoscalar mediator connecting DM and the standard model. On the other hand, a new vector-like muon lepton can explain these two excesses at the same time while contributing to the DM phenomenology.

scholarly journals Search for dark matter in association with an energetic photon in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Aad ◽  
◽  
B. Abbott ◽  
D. C. Abbott ◽  
A. Abed Abud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Missing Transverse Momentum ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
The Standard Model

Abstract A search for dark matter is conducted in final states containing a photon and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV. The data, collected during 2015–2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. No deviations from the predictions of the Standard Model are observed and 95% confidence-level upper limits between 2.45 fb and 0.5 fb are set on the visible cross section for contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model, in different ranges of the missing transverse momentum. The results are interpreted as 95% confidence-level limits in models where weakly interacting dark-matter candidates are pair-produced via an s-channel axial-vector or vector mediator. Dark-matter candidates with masses up to 415 (580) GeV are excluded for axial-vector (vector) mediators, while the maximum excluded mass of the mediator is 1460 (1470) GeV. In addition, the results are expressed in terms of 95% confidence-level limits on the parameters of a model with an axion-like particle produced in association with a photon, and are used to constrain the coupling gaZγ of an axion-like particle to the electroweak gauge bosons.

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