scholarly journals Out of the Blue and into the Black: Preparation, Mounting, and Image Rendering of Complex, Chorate Dinoflagellate Cysts for Scanning Electron Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Sandy M.S. McLachlan ◽  
Elaine C. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Image Editing ◽  
Dinoflagellate Cyst ◽  
Black Background ◽  
Background Removal ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract:We describe an experimental approach for achieving an optimal black background for scanning electron photomicrographs of small samples with elaborate and intricate structures. Specimens of the highly ornate, 66-million-year-old chorate dinoflagellate cyst species Cannosphaeropsis franciscana were selected as the subject of this study. Photomicrographs collected following standard aluminum stub surface placement were compared to those taken of specimens mounted using a novel pin-and-pedestal method. This simplistic mounting technique minimizes the need for post-production image editing and extraneous background removal.

“Black Hole” Scanning Electron Microscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
L. Barish
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Glass Cover Slip ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scanning Electron

In conventional photography two rules generally followed in portraying an isolated subject are first, the maintenance of an unobtrusive background and second, the maximization of contrast in shade between the subject and background. In SEM these rules are often difficult to obey. An isolated subject mounted over an ordinary stud can reveal all sorts of disturbing backgrounds, including, for example, a sea of lathe marks (Fig. 1). By mounting the subject over a highly polished stud or over a glass cover slip, a featureless background can result; however, it is often a shade of grey, insufficient in shade contrast against the subject. These problems can be overcome by a simple technique which renders the background in SEM perfectly black, merely by incorporating a deep guarded void beneath the subject. A portion of primary beam not striking the subject continues to the base of the void. The secondary electrons emanating from the base of the void are sufficiently remote from the scintillator that they have great difficulty reaching it; thus, a negligible signal results and the background is black.

Angiogenic Remodeling of the Pulmonary Microcirculation

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1202-1203
Author(s):  
D. E. Schraufnagel ◽  
S. Kathula ◽  
F. Hu ◽  
R. P. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pulmonary Microcirculation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scanning Electron

The lung is supplied by pulmonary and bronchial arteries. Unilateral ligation of a main pulmonary artery results in bronchial vascular expansion and new anastomoses between the bronchial and pulmonary circulations. The form and location of this expansion is the subject of this project.We ligated the left pulmonary of 15 rats and killed 3 rats 1,2,4, 6, and 8 weeks after the ligation. We studied 3 control animals that did not undergo ligation. We cast the vasculature of the lungs with methyl methacrylate and examined both the right and left lungs by light and scanning electron microscopy.We found that the expansion and anastomoses occurred in and near the bronchovascular bundles and along the pleura, even though the rat pleura is supplied by pulmonary vessels. Near large pulmonary arteries, the junctional and alveolar capillaries were irregular, flattened, and had lateral outbulgings. The diameters varied within short lengths.

Overcoming Challenges in Material Science Testing with the use of Large Specimen SEM Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Adriana Romero
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Large Specimen ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
Scanning Electron

One of the most oft-confronted challenges in materials science, when using scanning electron microscopy, is the limitation of the size of the sample being examined, as well as the analysis application planned. Normally, only small samples in the order of ten to a hundred millimetres in diameter may be investigated. In addition, until now, conventional high-load fatigue testing inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM) seemed impossible. Nevertheless, SEM testing is a very valuable method in the fields of material and biological science as well as in quality control and failure analysis. For many technological interesting applications, conventional scanning electron microscopy is not possible because the specimens that need to be investigated cannot be destroyed for the SEM investigations for one of several reasons. It maybe that the specimen must be kept whole so that it can be returned to a production line or perhaps the specimen is an object of historic and/or artistic interest and value.

Preparation of Samples for Scanning Electron Microscopy

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 380-381
Author(s):  
J. C. Russ ◽  
A. Kabaya
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Scotch Tape ◽  
Silver Paint ◽  
Material Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron

One of the major advantages of the SEM in material studies is the ease of specimen preparation. For many samples it is only required to cut the sample to size and/or mount it in a suitable holder. However, it is necessary for some materials ( and desireable for others ) to consider other preparation variables:Cleaning : When the sample is mechanically strong enough to withstand it, cleaning in a sonic cleaner is the best way to remove surface dirt. Solvents used in this operation, or for a simple flushing of the surface, should be selected to not leave a residue. Dusting with a Freon jet is the minimum cleaning to be considered.Mounting: For small samples silver paint provides a strong, conductive attachment. Particles that would sink into this can be sprinkled onto doublesided Scotch tape. If the particles themselves do not require coating, the tape can be coated first and retain some adhesion.

An Experimental Approach for Studying Chalcopyrite Leaching and Passivation in Column Bioleaching

2009 ◽  
Vol 71-73 ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
Tuomas van der Meer ◽  
Jussi Liipo ◽  
Jaakko Leppinen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Heap Bioleaching ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Continuous Potential ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of different microbial consortia on the leaching of chalcopyrite was studied at different temperatures and solution compositions with Boliden’s Aitik ore in column reactors simulating heap bioleaching. The columns were equipped with sampling chambers and chalcopyrite mineral electrodes in order to investigate the passivation of chalcopyrite. The sampling chambers were filled with agglomerated ore and pieces of chalcopyrite-rich ore. In addition to chemical analysis of the leaching solution and solids the progress of leaching of chalcopyrite was studied by continuous potential measurements with chalcopyrite electrodes. The occurrence and composition of potentially passivating layers on the surfaces of the electrodes and the samples taken from sample chambers were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Nutrient Medium for Flammulina velutipes Submerged Biomass Production and Micromorphology of Its Mycelium

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Larissa Krasnopolskaya ◽  
Maria Shuktueva ◽  
Aleksandr Golyshkin ◽  
Nailya Almyasheva ◽  
Maria Yarina
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Steep Ascent ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Scanning Electron

Based on the assessment of the trophic needs of basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes and the optimization of the composition of the nutrient medium using design of experimental approach, the yield of the submerged biomass of the fungus was increased to 41 g/L, the duration of the cultivation process was reduced to 5 days. For this purpose, the 24 full factorial design, the Box–Wilson steep ascent method and the construction of the response surface were used. Using the method of scanning electron microscopy, it was shown that the studied F. velutipes strain grew in the form of small spherical pellets with a diameter of 1–2 mm on an optimized medium. The surface of the pellets was loose; the inner part was filled with hyphae tightly adjacent to each other. The center of the pellets had no cavity. F. velutipes pellets were formed by septate hyphae with clamp connections. The micromorphological characteristics of the submerged F. velutipes mycelium ensured a high diffusion of nutrients and oxygen into the pellets and their maximum filling of the volume of the culture medium.

scholarly journals Scanning electron microscopy in the tests of fibre-cement boards

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Anna Adamczak-Bugno ◽  
Grzegorz Świt ◽  
Aleksandra Krampikowska
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Microscopic Method ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fibre Cement ◽  
Scanning Electron

The subject of this article is research on fiber-cement boards, which are currently used in civil engineering as cladding for ventilated facades, but also as internal claddings. When these boards are used on elevations, they are exposed to changing weather conditions, and therefore they are given the appropriate requirements for strength, mass moisture, absorbability and, above all, durability in accordance with the relevant regulations. The paper presents a proposal for using a nondestructive microscopic method for testing fiber-cement boards using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an EDS analyzer. Fibercement boards subjected to various environmental factors (moisturizing, freezing-thawing) and exceptional factors (burning at 230°C and setting on fire for 5 and 10 minutes) were tested. Interesting research results were obtained, which allowed to observe changes occurring in the microstructure of the tested boards under the influence of various factors.

An Investigation on the Interfacial Transition Zone in Concrete Using SEM

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Hsi Chi Yang ◽  
Miao Ying Cheng ◽  
Jung Pin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Interfacial Transition Zone ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
Compressive Test ◽  
Scanning Electron

The technique of linking the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) photographs taken around the interfacial transition zone area is applied to observe the development of hydration products for aggregate and paste at the different curing ages. This research first chooses the aggregate with clay properties not containing the calcium ion, and then observes the hydration products (such as CH, C-S-H) of calcium ion on the aggregate. Finally it assesses if the aggregate will produce ion exchange with cement and generate the hydration products. The very small samples to be observed are taken from the concrete compressive test specimen and must include both aggregate and paste. They are wiped with alcohol to have better pictures before shooting SEM. Initially, the interface of aggregate and paste is sought using 2000x magnification. However, the hydration products on either side of the interface with a range of 50 μm are observed using 10000x magnification. From the results, it is found that aggregate has not interacted with cement paste to produce hydration products and the bond stress of aggregate and paste is controlled by hydration products of paste.

scholarly journals On the preparation of specimens for scanning electron microscopy and a simple technique for plate making, using a black background

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Whittaker ◽  
R. L. Hodgkinson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Black Background ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract. Methods for cleaning, the mounting of micropalaeontological specimens (foraminifera, ostracods and conodonts) on SEM stubs and for successful plate making on a black background are described.

scholarly journals Specimen Preparation Techniques for Scanning Electron Microscopy of Developing Peanut Pegs1

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Pattee ◽  
S. C. Mohapatra ◽  
E. K. Agnello
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Preparation Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This study evaluated various specimen preparation techniques for light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Main conclusions from this study were: (i) Critical point drying (CPD) was preferred over freeze drying for SEM of whole or large pieces of specimens. However, CPD did not offer any additional advantage over air drying for SEM of thin (14 μm) microtomed sections of paraffin embedded specimens. (ii) Formaldehyde-acetic acid-alcohol (FAA) was found to be satisfactory as a general purpose fixative for LM and low magnification SEM. However, for magnifications higher than X500, where subcellular details become the subject of investigation, glutaraldehyde (GA) was found to be preferable over FAA. (iii) Certain artifacts appeared to be related to developmental stages of the peanut fruit.

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