scholarly journals Representing Canadian justice: legal iconography and symbolism at the Supreme Court of Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-156
Author(s):  
David DesBaillets
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Supreme Court

Abstract This paper examines the intersection between a distinctly Canadian legal culture and the legal architecture, symbolism and iconography of its Supreme Court building in Ottawa. I begin from the premise originally put forward in Resnik and Curtis’s study of legal architecture. I proceed with an analysis of the Court’s history, aesthetic and decorative elements, geography and design, artistic and legal vision of the architect, and the social, political and historical contexts in which it was created, as well as key legal and constitutional concepts embodied by the Court’s legal architecture and a comparative analysis with another courthouse in Montreal (the Édifice Ernest Cormier). The paper demonstrates that the challenges of creating a courthouse that reflects the legal traditions and evolving social norms as well as the aspirations of a dynamic, democratic and pluralistic society are almost impossible. It remains a problematic question whether the image of justice that the Court evokes to the observer is the most ‘eloquent three dimensional representation of the role the Supreme Court has assumed in the life of the nation’ (Canada and Supreme Court, 2000, p. 207).

Pedestrian Simulation In SUMO Through Externally Modelled Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Garrido ◽  
Joao Jacob ◽  
Daniel Castro Silva ◽  
Rosaldo J. F. Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

Pedestrian simulation is often forgotten or implemented poorly in most high profile traffic simulators. This is the case of SUMO, where the pedestrian models are very simple and not based in real human behaviour, making it impossible to study pedestrian safety with it. With this in mind, the ability to externally control pedestrians in SUMO was explored. Using Unity3D to create an external three dimensional representation of a running SUMO simulation, we were able to create and control pedestrians through the TraCI API. This also opened the possibility to use virtual reality immersed subjects to participate in the simulation, opening the door to study real pedestrian behaviour to create more elaborate models. It also allowed us to completely offload the pedestrian simulation from SUMO to Unity3D, which was tested with the external implementation of the social forces model, without losing SUMO's interactions between pedestrians and motorized vehicles.

Fantasies of Liberalism and Liberal Jurisprudence: State Law, Politics, and the Israeli Arab-Palestinian Community

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gad Barzilai
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Judicial Activism ◽  
New Era ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Supreme Court

Some thirty years after the Bergman decision, Israel's constitutional structure and legal culture are still not responsive to minority needs or, more broadly, to the social needs of deprived communities. The liberal language and judicial review of Knesset legislation that were empowered by Bergman have not reconciled this problematic discrepancy between jurisprudence and social needs.The Bergman ruling signified the onset of a new era in Israel jurisprudence — the era of liberalism, in that it generated the notion of judicial counter-majoritarianism as the center, however problematic, of democracy. It was a modest ruling and a careful one, dwelling only on procedural deficiencies as cause for judicial abrogation of parliamentary legislation. Later on, after 1992, and propelled by the spirit of judicial activism, the Supreme Court adopted a more expansive judicial policy. It asserted the need for much more active judicial review of the substance of Knesset legislation and even the possibility of annulling it if it fell within the provisions of the Basic Law: Human Dignity and Freedom and the Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation.

scholarly journals Analysis of the constitutional principle of “state sociality” in Canadá

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Evgeniy V. Aristov ◽  
Marina V. Markhgeym
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Social State ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Law

The present study examines the constitutional principle of "social statehood" in Canada, considering the implemented model of a social state. The method and characteristics of securing a state's social guarantees are set out in the Canadian Constitution. Based on the analysis of the law, the authors concluded about the social characteristics of this state in Canada. By analyzing the reflection of the principle of "government sociality" in the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Canada, the authors summarized its impact on the problems of a welfare state.

scholarly journals Brave New Words: Labour, The Courts and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
New Words ◽  
Labour Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Brave New World ◽  
Nouveau Monde

In Health Services and Support – Facilities Subsector BargainingAssociation v. British Columbia, [2007] 2 S.C.R.391, the Supreme Court of Canada overturned precedent andconcluded “that the grounds advanced in the earlier decisions forthe exclusion of collective bargaining from the Charter’s protectionof freedom of association do not withstand principled scrutinyand should be rejected” (at para. 22). The author exploresthe Supreme Court of Canada’s change of heart and what thischange implies, not only for constitutional doctrine, but also forwhat the Court understands about the governance of the post-Fordist world of work. She situates the Court’s reasoning in afew key cases dealing with labour’s distinctive rights – to bargaincollectively and to strike – in the social context that both shapesthe legal discourse about labour rights and influences organizedlabour’s power. She considers the paradox of the Supreme Court’sembrace of Fordist labour rights in a post-Fordist economy, andsuggests a modest, though important, role that the Court couldplay in fostering social justice in the brave new world of work.Dans l’arrêt Health Services and Support – Facilities SubsectorBargaining Association c. Colombie-Britannique [2007]2 R.C.S. 391, la Cour Suprême du Canada a invalidé un précédentet a conclu que «les motifs avancés dans les arrêts précédentspour exclure les négociations collectives de la protectionaccordée par la Charte à la liberté d’association ne résistent pasà un examen fondé sur les principes pertinents et qu’ils devraientêtre écartés» (au para. 22). L’auteure explore le revirement de laCour Suprême du Canada et ce qu’implique ce changement, nonseulement pour la doctrine constitutionnelle, mais aussi pour ceque la Cour comprend au sujet de la façon de gouverner dans lemonde post-Fordiste du travail. Elle situe le raisonnement de laCour dans quelques cas-clés traitant des droits distinctifs des travailleurs– la négociation collective et la grève – dans le contextesocial qui à la fois détermine la forme du discours juridique ausujet des droits des travailleurs et influence le pouvoir du mouvementsyndical. Elle considère le paradoxe que la Cour Suprême épouse des droits des travailleurs Fordistes dans une économie post-Fordiste, et suggère un rôle modeste, mais important, que pourrait jouer la Cour pour favoriser la justice sociale dans le nouveau monde prometteur du travail.

scholarly journals Toward a Bijural Interpretation of the Principle of Respect in Aboriginal Law

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-977
Author(s):  
Kirsten Manley-Casimir
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
The Common ◽  
Aboriginal Law

Aboriginal law disputes are disputes that arise in the spaces between Indigenous and non-Indigenous societies. To date, the Supreme Court of Canada has resolved Aboriginal law disputes under section 35 by relying heavily on the common law to the exclusion of Indigenous legal traditions and principles. In this article, the author argues that applying a bijural interpretation of the principle of respect provides a promising pathway forward in resolving Aboriginal law disputes in a way that supports the grand purpose of section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982—reconciliation. The author discusses the principle of respect by considering both non-Indigenous and Indigenous theories to propose a robust conception of respect to guide Aboriginal law jurisprudence. She then suggests three ways to implement the principle of respect in the intercultural relationship: (1) making interdependence and relationships primary; (2) rejecting colonial attitudes and stereotypes of Indigenous peoples; and (3) creating political and legal space for the expression and flourishing of cultural difference.

Revealing gross three-dimensional structure in the SEM

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 656-657
Author(s):  
Sterling P. Newberry
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Critical Point Drying

The beautiful three dimensional representation of small object surfaces by the SEM leads one to search for ways to open up the sample and look inside. Could this be the answer to a better microscopy for gross biological 3-D structure? We know from X-Ray microscope images that Freeze Drying and Critical Point Drying give promise of adequately preserving gross structure. Can we slice such preparations open for SEM inspection? In general these preparations crush more readily than they slice. Russell and Dagihlian got around the problem by “deembedding” a section before imaging. This some what defeats the advantages of direct dry preparation, thus we are reluctant to accept it as the final solution to our problem. Alternatively, consider fig 1 wherein a freeze dried onion root has a window cut in its surface by a micromanipulator during observation in the SEM.

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