Integrated approach combining genetics, genomics and muscle biology to manage beef quality

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 52-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Cassar-Malek ◽  
K. Sudre ◽  
J. Bouley ◽  
A. Listrat ◽  
Y. Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Biology

Up to now, genetic selection in cattle has been directed in favour of muscle growth, which changes muscle characteristics, and hence meat quality. One key concern, that now needs examination, is to understand the relationships between muscle growth and muscle characteristics related to meat quality. To achieve such a goal, muscles of divergently selected animals were analysed by three complementary approaches: (i) determination of muscle biochemical characteristics, (ii) identification of differentially expressed genes using transcriptomic and proteomic tools, (iii) identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) within candidate genes.

Development of a simple method for the determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. S75-S75
Author(s):  
Weifeng Zhu ◽  
Zhuoqi Liu ◽  
Daya Luo ◽  
Xinyao Wu ◽  
Fusheng Wan
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Dissection of beef quality phenotypes using a myogenin network-anchored systems biology approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Reverter ◽  
E. K. F. Chan ◽  
S. A. Lehnert ◽  
W. Barris ◽  
S. M. McWilliam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Bovine Gene ◽  
Novel Association ◽  
Meat Colour

In order to uncover genes with transcriptional activity linked to various beef quality phenotypes of interest, we designed a systems biology approach. We focussed on traits representing the three major categories of growth and development, fat depots and meat quality phenotypes. We proceeded by linking bovine gene expression data derived from 147 microarray hybridisation experiments and high density marker data from 9260 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on 189 steers. The individuals in the genotyping study were unrelated to the samples used for expression profiling. The linkage was performed by anchoring these data to a gene network for myogenin (MYOG), a muscle-specific transcription factor essential for the development of skeletal muscle. This approach was able to identify and estimate the strength of the relationship between the statistical association of a SNP to a phenotype of interest with the transcriptional activity of genes in the network. The genes from the MYOG-centred network that were significantly associated with the largest number of meat quality traits were PDLIM3, CALM1 and CRYAB. Among our findings, a novel association between desmin and meat colour points to an alternative biochemical basis for meat colour differences involving costameric structures and their previously reported relationship with tenderness. These newly generated hypotheses can help formulate sound research to further illuminate the genetic architecture of beef quality phenotypes.

scholarly journals POLYMORPHISMS IN THE GENES OF REPARATIONS AMONG EMPLOYEES OF THE ATOMIC INDUSTRY OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (337) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
D. M. Botbаeyev ◽  
А. M. Belkozhаev ◽  
A. K. Khanseitova ◽  
A. Zh. Borbayeva ◽  
N. А. Аitkhozhinа
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dose Radiation

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most convenient marker and the widespread subject of polymorphism testing. To identify the presence or absence of the effects of chronic low-dose radiation on nuclear industry personnel, the occurrence of single-nucleotide substitutions at the polymorphic sites of the genes of the repair system 3 and 6 of the introns of the APC gene P53.11 gene, in positions -2549 of the VEGF gene, XPD gene rs313181 ( Lys751Gln) and rs25487 of the XRCC gene (Аrg399Gln) were compared. Analysis of allele frequencies and distribution of genotypes in the variable regions of the tested genes was performed by the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by determination of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). When com-paring the frequencies of alleles and the distribution of genotypes between the second group of miners (11–20 years’ experience) and control, differences in the distribution of genotypes in the rs25487 XRCC plot (χ2 = 7.11, p = 0.028) were revealed. These differences satisfy the criterion p <0.05 and, accordingly, are statistically significant. Key words: polymorphism, genes, a nuclear industry.

scholarly journals PSX-29 Late-Breaking Abstract: The effectiveness of in vivo determination of meat quality using an ultrasonic scanning device in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
Anuarbek Bissembayev ◽  
Nurzhan Abuyev ◽  
Anuarbek Seitmuratov ◽  
Altay Nazarbekov ◽  
Saule Zhali
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Ultrasonic Scanning ◽  
Scanning Device ◽  
Slaughter Cattle ◽  
Ribeye Area

Abstract Improving beef quality is important task for livestock in Kazakhstan. Almost all indicators characterizing the quality of carcasses and beef are evaluated after slaughter. Their use in breeding is limited (Legoshin G.P. 2010). For lifetime assessment of carcasses in pedigree and slaughter cattle, Aloka 500B, EXAGO, EVO ultrasonographs are used, using which there is a high coincidence of the lifetime forecast of muscular development over the eye muscle area with the indicator in carcasses after slaughter of animals (Bisembaev A.T. 2019). A high correlation of prognosis of ribeye area with live weight of animals was noted (Lisitsyn A.B. 2010). The aim of the project is to study the effectiveness of in vivo determination of meat quality using an ultrasonic scanning device. Tasks: to determine the ribeye area, the fat of the cattle using an EXAGO ultrasonograph; compare the ribeye area, the fat of the slaughter cattle, determined using an EXAGO ultrasonograph and measured on the carcass after slaughter. The studies were carried out on pedigree bull-calves of the Kazakh white head (85 animals), Auliekol (101 animals) breeds aged 14–15 months and on the feeding stock (6 animals) with a live weight of more than 943 lb. The ribeye area, the fat were obtained: Kazakh white head had 23.2 sq.in and 0.10 in, Auliekol – 20.4 sq.in and 0.09 in. The animals studied after slaughter yielded full-bodied carcasses, while the slaughter yield averaged 56.3%. The correlation between live weight level and ribeye was r=0.97. The coincidence of ribeye, measured by an ultrasonograph with a post-mortem measurement averaging 93.8%. The introduction of ultrasound methods for determining beef productivity in beef industry will allow livestock husbandry to become cost-effective and improve the beef quality. The results of ultrasound images for the carcass traits will be applied in selection and breeding work.

scholarly journals Biochemical markers predicting response to radiation- and radiochemo-therapy in cancer patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Response Prediction ◽  
Molecular Profiling ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Dna Array ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Profiling Analysis

In last years there is increasing interest in radiogenomics and the characterization of DNA array molecular profiles that can predict tumor and no tumor tissues radioresponse. Ongoing studies carried out worldwide in the banking of tumor and no tumor samples give evidence that perspective markers for response prediction in individual patient to intended radiation therapy can be some apoptotic indexes, spectrum a number of specific proteins, and DNA-based microarray molecular profiling analysis as well determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genome of the patients. So far there are only a few robust reports of molecular markers predicting tumor and no tumor tissues response to radiation. The results of new studies, which in future should be validated in larger definitive trials, are likely to see in nearest years. It is needed to determine technologies of methods and to define more precisely areas of its applications.

scholarly journals Analysis of the genetic diversity of Phalaenopsis orchids with single nucleotide polymorphisms and snap markers derived from the Pto gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-631
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Interspecies Variability

The Pto gene is a plant gene that has been reported to be involved in resistance to bacterial pathogens. A partial genomic sequence corresponding to Pto (~449 bp) was isolated from 16 species and four hybrids of Phalaenopsis during 2017 at the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. Multiple sequence analysis was performed to find putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and design the corresponding single nucleotide-amplified polymorphism (SNAP) markers, which were in turn used to estimate the genetic diversity of 25 Phalaenopsis species. In total, 20 SNPs, of which 14 were nonsynonymous, were identified from the partial Pto sequences. Eighteen SNAP primers were then developed based on these 14 nonsynonymous and four synonymous SNPs. Validation results showed that 15 SNAP primers showed a polymorphism information content exceeding 0.3, suggesting the existence of more than two alleles for this locus. Upon their use, the SNAP markers described 86% of all interspecies variability. The Pto 52, Pto 349, Pto 229, and Pto 380 SNAP markers were very informative in the determination of genetic diversity. Notably, the existence of these nonsynonymous SNPs implied the possibility of functional changes within the amino acid sequence of the putative PTO protein. Thus, the resulting differences in the activity of the PTO protein may be used to breed tolerance to pathogen infection. Further work may be required to establish a functional link between tolerance to pathogens and the presence of Pto-SNAP markers in Phalaenopsis properly.

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