Kale-based out-wintering systems for weaned Aberdeen Angus cross and Limousin cross steers during a winter store period

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 236-236
Author(s):  
J. J. Hyslop ◽  
D. Fleming ◽  
G. J. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
The Uk

Since de-coupling of CAP subsidy schemes from actual animal production, lowering the costs of finishing cattle production systems is one of the key challenges facing the beef industry. One of the largest costs associated with finished cattle production from spring-born suckled calves is the costs of over-wintering the weaned steer calf once the suckling phase is over. The capital tied up in buildings is a major component of these costs in countries such as the UK where the relatively harsh winter environments have traditionally led to many weaned suckled calves being housed and fed conserved forages over the winter months to ensure adequate performance. Previous work (Hyslop et al, 2006) has shown that under appropriate field conditions, non-lactating, spring calving suckler cows can be out-wintered on both grazed kale or turnip based-systems with an acceptable degree of animal performance. The objective of the current study was to determine liveweight (LW) changes in weaned spring-born suckled calf steers when managed outdoors on kale-based grazing systems during a short winter feeding period and to assess the dirtiness of steers hides at the end of the kale grazing period.

Beef Cattle Production and Trade

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Australian Experience

Beef Cattle Production and Trade covers all aspects of the beef industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian beef production, written by experts in the field. The book begins with an overview of the historical evolution of world beef consumption and introductory chapters on carcass and meat quality, market preparation and world beef production. North America, Brazil, China, South-East Asia and Japan are discussed in separate chapters, followed by Australian beef production, including feed lotting and live export. The remaining chapters summarise R&D, emphasising the Australian experience, and look at different production systems and aspects of animal husbandry such as health, reproduction, grazing, feeding and finishing, genetics and breeding, production efficiency, environmental management and business management. The final chapter examines various case studies in northern and southern Australia, covering feed demand and supply, supplements, pasture management, heifer and weaner management, and management of internal and external parasites.

The northern Australian beef industry, a snapshot. 3. Annual liveweight gains from pasture based systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bortolussi ◽  
J. G. McIvor ◽  
J. J. Hodgkinson ◽  
S. G. Coffey ◽  
C. R. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
North West ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Highlands

The herd performance of 375 northern Australian beef producers during the 1991 and 1992 to 1995 and 1996 financial years was surveyed in 1996 and 1997. Estimates were made of annual liveweight gain from production systems based on native and improved pastures together with hormonal growth promotant use and supplementation practices. The most commonly used pasture communities for growing and finishing cattle were black speargrass and brigalow communities in Central Coastal Queensland and the Central Highlands; black speargrass in Northern Queensland; Mitchell grass and gidgee in Central Western and North-west Queensland; Mitchell grass in the Northern Territory and northern Western Australia regions and brigalow–softwood scrub in the Maranoa South West. There was considerable variation and overlap in the production ranges of the various pasture communities. The estimates and ranges of annual liveweight gains were comparable with measurements from scientific and commercial studies for 3 major pasture communities (black speargrass, brigalow and Mitchell grass). On this basis, the annual liveweight gain data are considered to represent sound estimates of performance from the pasture communities and husbandry systems in use in northern Australia. Mean annual gains for pasture communities in the more northern regions tended to be <150 kg/year. Half the survey group used hormonal growth promotants but use varied between regions with lowest levels in Central Coastal Queensland (30%) and highest usage in the Central Highlands (59%). Steers and bullocks were the most commonly implanted class of cattle. Supplementation periods tended to be longest in more northern regions. Nitrogen was a component of >90% of the supplements offered. The percentage of producers supplementing various classes of cattle varied widely (0–77%). Steers were often the least supplemented class and weaners were the most common. The highest percentage of producers (>68%) supplementing weaners was found in North-west and Northern Queensland, the Northern Territory and northern Western Australia. Significant correlations explaining 3–23% of the variance were found between annual liveweight gain and latitude and/or longitude for native black speargrass and Mitchell grass pasture communities and improved brigalow pastures. Generally, annual liveweight gain increased with increasing latitude and longitude. The results are discussed in relation to herd management practices and sources of variation in the northern Australian production environment.

Milk production from dairy cows offered pea-wheat bi-crops containing different ratios of peas to wheat and harvested at two maturity stages

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 149-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Salawu ◽  
A.T. Adesogan ◽  
R.J. Dewhurst
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Winter Feeding

As more farmers try to improve the efficiency of their production systems by sourcing safer and cheaper dietary energy and protein from home grown feeds, the importance of cereal-legume bi-crops for winter-feeding of UK livestock may increase. However, little is known about the production, conservation, feeding value and animal performance from such bi-crops in the UK. This study measured the feed intake and milk production from dairy cows fed pea-wheat bi-crop silages.

Ammonia fluxes from grazed grassland: annual losses from cattle production systems and their relation to nitrogen inputs

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Jarvis ◽  
D. J. Hatch ◽  
D. R. Lockyer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Nitrogen Inputs ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
One Year ◽  
Grazed Grassland

SUMMARYLosses of NH3 from a number of swards grazed by cattle were measured through 2 (1986–87) grazing years using a mass balance micrometeorological method. Comparisons were made of grass swards receiving 420 or 210 kg fertilizer N/ha per year and a grass-clover sward (GC) dependent upon fixation under rotational grazing managements. In one year a continuously grazed sward was also examined. Rates of NH3 loss were usually greatest whilst animals were present, especially during early and late season. This was not always the case, however, and losses sometimes continued into the next grazing period; there were also large day-to-day variations in fluxes. Seasonal trends were also not distinct, but losses tended to be lower during early and late grazings.The annual losses from 420 and 210 kg N/ha and GC treatments were 25, 10 and 7 kg N/ha, respectively, and the differences between treatments were still marked when losses were expressed on a per animal basis. Total loss under continuous grazing was 61 % of that under the rotational system. Although the losses represent only 7·8, 5·6 and 3·7% of the inputs to420N, 2 ION and GC treatments, there was a good relationship between inputs and total losses, and also between the concentration of N in the herbage and losses per animal. The effects of the measured rates of loss on the input of NH3 from grazed grassland to the atmosphere are discussed.

scholarly journals Economic effects of alternate growth path, time of calving and breed type combinations across southern Australian beef cattle environments: industry-wide effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Fast Growth Rate ◽  
Subsequent Identification

The ‘Regional Combinations’ project and its biophysical outcomes, and the subsequent identification of the most profitable beef cattle production systems across different environments in southern Australia, have been described in several other papers in this special edition. In this paper, the economic calculations reported for each of the individual beef enterprises representative of the various state sites are aggregated up to the level of the Australian cattle and beef industry and then projected forward over several years into the future. To do this, an existing model of the world beef market is used. The analyses suggest that both the fast-growth-rate technology and the time-of-calving technology have the potential to generate significant economic benefits for the southern Australia cattle and beef industries. The cumulative present values of each technology are around $70 million over a 15-year time horizon at a 7% real discount rate.

Traceability of lamb production systems: carotenoids in plasma and adipose tissue

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Prache ◽  
M. Theriez
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Reflectance Spectrum ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Animal Production Systems

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine whether carotenoid pigments can act as biomarkers of grass feeding to trace lamb production systems. Three production systems were compared: G = grazing (72 lambs), S = stall-feeding (26 lambs), and GS = grazing period followed by a stall-feeding period (27 lambs). Presence of carotenoids in tissues was evaluated by plasma concentration and reflectance spectrum of subcutaneous caudal adipose tissue. Plasma carotenoid content was measured during the grazing period for G and GS lambs, at the end of the grazing period for GS lambs and at slaughter for G, S and GS lambs. Reflectance spectrum of adipose tissue was measured at slaughter for 38 G and 26 S lambs. We collected 135 G and 26 S blood samples. Carotenoids were detected in 97% of the G blood samples, whereas they were not detected in 93% of the S blood samples. Plasma carotenoid content of all the GS lambs decreased during the stall-feeding period. Mean reflectance spectra of adipose tissue of G and S lambs differed between 450 and 510 nm, which corresponds to light absorption by carotenoids. We performed a mathematical analysis of the spectrum in order to quantify absorbance in this zone and to propose an index that can be used in the meat industry to trace animal production systems. This method was less discriminating than plasma carotenoid analysis, as there was some overlapping in the frequency distribution of the traceability index for G and S lambs that concerned 19% of the lambs. Sensitivity of the two methods to bias and applicability to cattle are discussed.

Environmental effects of low intensity systems of animal production in the hills and uplands of the UK

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Landscape Value ◽  
Grazing Intensities ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Animal Production Systems

AbstractThe extent to which grazing intensities of animal production systems in the uplands of the United Kingdom cause impacts on vegetation, soils, birds, mammals and invertebrates, and influence landscape value and water quality are reviewed. It is argued that these impacts need to be considered in an integrated manner in relation to their responses at the field and landscape scales. Evidence is presented which suggests that a range of grazing intensities is required to obtain significant benefits to the natural heritage. This suggests that new approaches are required to the mechanisms of delivering environmental benefits from grazing systems.

Forage-Based Heifer Development Program for North Florida

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose C.B. Dubeux ◽  
Nicolas DiLorenzo ◽  
Kalyn Waters ◽  
Jane C. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Development Program ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Good News ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Heifer Development ◽  
Reducing Costs

Florida has 915,000 beef cows and 125,000 replacement heifers (USDA, 2016). Developing these heifers so that they can become productive females in the cow herd is a tremendous investment in a cow/calf operation, an investment that takes several years to make a return. The good news is that there are options to develop heifers on forage-based programs with the possibility of reducing costs while simultaneously meeting performance targets required by the beef industry. Mild winters in Florida allows utilization of cool-season forages that can significantly enhance the performance of grazing heifers. During the warm-season, integration of forage legumes into grazing systems will provide additional nutrients to meet the performance required to develop a replacement heifer to become pregnant and enter the mature cow herd. In this document, we will propose a model for replacement heifer development, based on forage research performed in trials at the NFREC Marianna.   

scholarly journals Characterization of smallholder cattle production systems in South-Kivu province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Mugumaarhahama ◽  
Rodrigue Balthazar Basengere Ayagirwe ◽  
Valence Bwana Mutwedu ◽  
Nadège Cizungu Cirezi ◽  
Dieudonné Shukuru Wasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
South Kivu

AbstractIn South-Kivu province, cattle farming is an integral component of farmers’ livelihoods and one of the few income-generating opportunities for smallholders. However, very few studies have been conducted to characterize smallholders’ cattle production systems. This study documents cattle production systems to better understand their current situation, constraints they face and opportunities they offer. For that purpose, an investigation was conducted based on a structured survey questionnaire and participatory interviews with 863 farmers in South-Kivu province. Collected data were analysed using factorial analysis of mixed data and clustering techniques. The results revealed three types of smallholder cattle farms differing mainly in their herds’ sizes and landholding. The first category is the most common and includes farmers raising small herds (6.3 ± 6.7 cattle) of local breeds in herding system (in this work, “herding system” refers to a rearing system for which the farmer drives and stays with his animals on pastures and fallow land during the day) and grazing fodder in community pastures, fallow lands and roadside grasses, while land constitutes a scarce resource. In the second category, some farmers have small tracts of land (< 5 ha) and others have large tracts (> 5 ha), but all have medium-size herds (45.1 ± 19.4 cattle) made up of local breeds, which they rear in herding system. They also exploit community pastures, fallow land and roadside fodder for animal feeding. The third and last category includes farmers with large cattle herds (78.1 ± 28.1 cattle) of local, crossbred and exotic breeds raised free range in the fenced paddocks on vast areas of land (> 5 ha) found in high-altitude regions. However, while being different according to the above-considered characteristics, the three categories of cattle farming remain extensive pastoral farms dominated by male farmers. Agriculture and/or animal husbandry are their main source of income while their livestock are also composed of goats and poultry, beside cattle. Still, the three farming groups require more inputs and improvement strategies for increased productivity in the challenging environment characterized by low land accessibility and high demand for milk and meat. Fodder cultivation and crop-livestock integration through agro-ecological systems as well as access to credit and extension services are the proposed strategies for the improvement of this economic sector.

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