TEXTUAL TRIAGE AND PASTORAL CARE IN THE CAROLINGIAN AGE: THE EXAMPLE OF THE RULE OF BENEDICT

Traditio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
SCOTT G. BRUCE
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Good Works ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Rule Of Benedict ◽  
Parish Priests

The sixth-century Rule of Benedict became a foundational text for the practice of Christian monasticism in medieval Europe, but its utility extended outside of the monastery as well. In the Carolingian period church prelates repurposed parts of this influential monastic handbook for the purpose of pastoral care. In the decades around 800 CE, excerpts from the rule appeared in several composite manuscripts made for the instruction of parish priests and by extension their lay audiences. Benedict's fourth chapter on the “Instruments of Good Works” was deemed particularly useful in the context of preaching to lay people not only because of its ecumenical message to love God and one's neighbor but also due to its formulaic and repetitive idiom. This study examines the redeployment of extracts of the Rule of Benedict for the cura animarum in Carolingian parishes with particular attention to the role of Bishop Theodulf of Orléans (ca. 760–821) in disseminating Benedict's teachings beyond the walls of the cloister.

Prelacy, Pastoral Care and the Instruction of Subordinates in Late Twelfth-Century England

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Rebecca Springer
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Lay People ◽  
High Middle Ages ◽  
Religious Services ◽  
Eternal Salvation ◽  
Parish Priests ◽  
The Middle Ages

Historians of the Middle Ages usually associate the phrase ‘pastoral care’ with the sacraments and religious services performed by parish priests on behalf of lay people. But late twelfth-century writers primarily attributed pastoral care to prelates. Closely following the tradition of Pope Gregory I's Pastoral Rule, they held that prelates bore the responsibility to govern, guide and (perhaps most importantly) instruct their subordinate clergy or religious. Prelates did this by preaching, and they were supposed to validate their words with the example of their own righteous lives. But although commentators assumed that prelates would be reasonably well educated, late twelfth-century writers did not attribute good preaching to intellectual aptitude, or to the availability of preaching treatises or model sermon collections, as historians often assume. In an age of intellectual vibrancy and flourishing schools, ensuring that prelates instructed their subordinates remained firmly a moral, rather than an educational, question for the English church. Only by instructing subordinates could a prelate ensure their, and by extension his own, eternal salvation: neglect of preaching was tantamount to murder. This article uses the little-studied writings of Alexander of Ashby, Bartholomew of Exeter and Thomas Agnellus to uncover new links between ideas about prelacy, pastoral care and the instruction of subordinates in the high Middle Ages.

On everyday academic research

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Common ◽  
Verification Of Models ◽  
Science And Research

In the fourth chapter of the book “The economy of the common good”, the nature of economics as a science and research practices in their theoretical and empirical aspects are discussed. The author considers the processes of modeling, empirical verification of models and evaluation of research quality. In addition, the features of economic cognition and the role of mathematics in economic research are analyzed, including the example of relevant research in game theory and information theory.

Hostility to Hospitality: Authors’ Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Michael J. Balboni
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Holistic Care ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Constructive Criticism

AbstractThis article offers a brief response to constructive criticism of the book featured in this edition of Spiritual Care. Hostility to Hospitality argues that the role of spirituality within the care of sick patients, despite clear empirical evidence demonstrating its importance, remains deeply contested because of bias against religious communities. Deeply flawed conceptualizations of the nature of religion and the secular camouflage how a society's commitment to immanence functions like a spirituality. A secular framework weakens how spiritual communities can positively influence medical institutions or socialize professional guilds in caring for the whole patient. The diminishment of communities that champion compassion as a chief end, pave a way for hostile economic, technological, and bureaucratic forces to suppress our ability to fully care for patients in body and soul. Rather than being neutral as purported, the secular structures of medicine manipulate and use pastoral care for its own immanent ends. Hostility to Hospitality argues that unless pluralism is embraced, allowing for a diversity of religious communities to influence the structures of medicine, compassionate and holistic care will increasingly become unlikely as impersonal social forces increase.

Institutionalization and Evangelization in the Argentine Church: Córdoba Under Zenón Bustos, 1905-1919

1989 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-381
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Liebscher
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Central City ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
The People ◽  
National Leadership ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church

To the dismay of today's social progressives, the Argentine Catholic church addresses the moral situation of its people but also shies away from specific political positions or other hint of secular involvement. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the church set out to secure its place in national leadership by strengthening religious institutions and withdrawing clergy from politics. The church struggled to overcome a heritage of organizational weakness in order to promote evangelization, that is, to extend its spiritual influence within Argentina. The bishop of the central city of Córdoba, Franciscan Friar Zenón Bustos y Ferreyra (1905-1925), reinforced pastoral care, catechesis, and education. After 1912, as politics became more heated, Bustos insisted that priests abstain from partisan activities and dedicate themselves to ministry. The church casts itself in the role of national guardian, not of the government, but of the faith and morals of the people.

RHODES AND KOS: EAST DORIAN POTTERY PRODUCTION OF THE ARCHAIC PERIOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 99-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Villing ◽  
Hans Mommsen
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Consistent Feature ◽  
Painted Pottery

To date, the pottery production of Rhodes, Kos and other ‘East Dorian’ islands and coastal areas remains little understood. This article presents and discusses new neutron activation analysis (NAA) of eighth–sixth-century bc vessels found on Rhodes and in related areas, placing them in the wider context of past and present archaeometric research. The results highlight the role of Kos as a leading regional centre of painted pottery production and export in the seventh–sixth centuries bc, notably of ‘East Dorian’ plates. This includes the famous ‘Euphorbos plate’, which can now be attributed to Koan production. Contemporary Archaic pottery workshops on Rhodes, in contrast, had a less ambitious, if diverse, output, ranging from vessels in a Sub-Geometric tradition, imitation Corinthian wares and modest local versions of Koan- and Ionian-style plates to finely potted and richly decorated ‘Vroulian’ cups and black-figured situlae. It was imported mainland and East Greek wares, however, that dominated the island's consumption of Archaic painted wares. This represents a departure from the preceding Geometric period, which was characterised by a local pottery production of considerable scale and quality, although receptivity to external influences remained a consistent feature throughout later periods. As patterns of demand were changing, the island's craft production appears to have concentrated on a different range of goods in which high-quality figured finewares played a lesser role.

scholarly journals The ethics of teacher and learner at Mekdad Yalgen and its educational applications: أخلاقيات المعلم والمتعلم عند مقداد يالجن وتطبيقاتها التربوية

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Ahmad ◽  
Afnan bin Fahad bin Abdullah Al Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Educational Thought ◽  
Educational Framework ◽  
Moral System ◽  
Educational Applications ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

This study, entitled "The Ethics of the Teacher and the Learner at Mekdad Yalgen and its Educational Applications," included four chapters in addition to the list of references. The study aimed to identify the cultural, social and educational framework that influenced educational ideas at Mekdad Yaljin, and on the first and the first principles which are the starting points of the study. And the ethics of the teacher and its educational applications at Mekdad Yalgen, the ethics of the learner and its educational applications at Mekdad Yalgen, and on the most prominent ways to promote the moral and moral learners at Mekdad Yalgen. Studying the need to conduct an educational intellectual study that shows the importance of teacher and learner ethics in educational thinkers. In the second chapter, it contains the conceptual framework and previous studies. The study covered the conceptual framework of Mekdad Yalgen, his birth, his stages, his education, his efforts and his scientific achievements, and the King Phil Award, and the most important factors influencing his educational idea. The researcher sought to follow the relevant studies in Yaljin and studies related to the ethics of the teacher and the learner. The third chapter deals with the general principles of educational thought at Mekdad Yalgen starting with the theory of knowledge of its concept and its dimensions. Then, it tackles the concept of human nature and its components, then the Islamic moral system, the definition of morality and the place of ethics. In the fourth chapter: the researcher dealt with the ethics of the teacher and learner at Mekdad Yalgen and its educational applications. Hali included the importance of moral education and the role of Islamic moral education in the building of the individual, society and human civilization, and also contained the ethics of the teacher and the learner and its educational applications at Mekdad Balgin.

scholarly journals The role of the dean in the pastoral care structure of a secondary school

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jennifer Harriet Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Job Descriptions ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Care Structure

<p>Pastoral care structures in New Zealand schools often include a middle management role of dean. This position has existed in New Zealand schools for decades, influenced by the existing systems and structures adopted from the United Kingdom. The responsibilities included in this role are often defined by schools at the local level in order to satisfy growing expectations of schools’ responsibility for student well-being and achievement. There has been little research concerning this position within the pastoral care structure of schools.  This study aimed to explore the perceptions of members of the school community on the role of the year-level deans within one New Zealand secondary school. Senior managers, deans, teachers, and students from a state co-educational, urban, secondary school were interviewed regarding their views on the role, responsibilities, and effectiveness of the position of the year-level dean within their school. Deans also completed a daily log to record the nature of their tasks completed pertaining to this responsibility. Participants’ responses were analysed for major themes. The themes discussed include the intention of the role of the dean, tensions between the management of academic and pastoral issues, the exploration of the challenge in providing care for all students, and how resources available to the school and the dean can impact their role. A difference in the role between the junior school (Years 9 and 10) and senior school (Years 11, 12, and 13) was reported by all participants. Deans reported engaging in reactive tasks more than proactive, preventative tasks.  Defining the role of the dean and its relationship to other roles within the school proved challenging for the perspectives, and this confusion was evident through a lack of clarity around lines of authority described in the job descriptions. Deans reported some difficulty in understanding their role in relation to managing form teachers, particularly where that staff member may hold a position of responsibility in curriculum.  The reactive nature of the role was revealed. This indicated that deans continue to provide predominantly reactive care concerned with individual students, often meaning that only a small group of students receive direct care from deans. The predominantly reactive nature of the role creates implications for schools in the challenge of delivering care to all students. A more collaborative approach to pastoral care from all staff members may improve the provision of pastoral care for students. A proposed job description that may reflect the role of the dean more accurately is presented.</p>

scholarly journals DESIGN STRUCTUR VARIABLES IN THE POSTERS OF THE INTERNATIONAL FILM AND TELEVISION FESTIVAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
Ayah Muosa MUHAMMAD ◽  
Sahar Ali SARHAN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Innovative Idea

Posters for cinematic festivals are an effective visual artistic way to address recipients (the audience), with their functional, aesthetic and expressive dimensions that contribute to spreading a variety of cultural awareness, especially those posters that specialize in their media and advertising performance, promotional and organizational, and cultural activities specified at certain time. Based on the foregoing, the researchers found that her research problem is summarized by the following question: What are the design structure variables in the designs of the film festival posters? The research consisted of four chapters as follows: The first chapter includes the research problem and the goal of the research, which is studying the variables of the design structure in the international film festival posters. As for its importance (theoretical importance / practical importance), the research limits (objective / spatial / temporal) and also include the most important terms. The second chapter includes the theoretical framework that the researcher divide into two topics, the first topic includes (the structure in the poster). As for the second topic (the variables in the poster structure) as well as previous studies and the most important indicators reached by the researcher, the third chapter includes research procedures that includes determining the method followed in analyzing samples for their scientific relevance in diagnosing the researched phenomenon, and the research community and the adult (6), and selecting a sample The research number (3) models after repeated exclusion from them, then the research tool, honesty and consistency. As for the fourth chapter, it includes the results of the research, conclusions, recommendations, and proposals, and the most important findings of the researcher were as follows: 1. The employment of the idea resulted in a fundamental variable in the structure of the poster, as the ideas differ according to the subject presented, in addition to the different idea from one designer to another. This is due to its frame of reference, which has a major impact in building the innovative idea that contributes to the presentation of the content. 2. Modern technologies have achieved the emergence of effective results in the design structure as an output variable that enhances the effectiveness of communication channels, and that this action has influential characteristics that have the ability to attract attention and direct impact on the recipient through the various technical treatments that the designer performs in constructing the poster and activating the role of technology in the structural display of the poster design elements. Either conclusion includes: 1. Structure variables are mainly related to the content of the design idea with the suitability of use, which is based on variable technical stylistic data.

Monetary Systems

2016 ◽  
pp. 320-341
Author(s):  
Angela Redish
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
Paper Money ◽  
Fiat Money ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Monetary Systems ◽  
Medieval Europe

This chapter presents the evolution of Western monetary systems from the bimetallic standards of medieval Europe through the gold standard and Bretton Woods eras to today’s fiat money regimes. The chapter notes that issues of revenue creation enabled by the monopoly over money issue—through debasement and/or inflation—runs through this history, as does the significance of the credibility of the money issuer. An additional theme in the chapter is the role of changing technology of money issue, from the hammered coins of the medieval period, to the milled coins of the early modern period, through paper money issues to cryptocurrencies.

Resistance in a Minority Language

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-116
Author(s):  
Erin Twohig
Keyword(s):  
Minority Language ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
School Curricula

The fourth chapter examines the role of marginalized characters in Moroccan novels about education. Leila Abouzeid’s Al Fasl al-akhir (The Last Chapter) and Brick Oussaïd’s Les coquelicots de l’Oriental (published in English as The Mountains Forgotten by God) feature protagonists who position themselves as “spokespeople” for individuals who did not fit the vision of the classroom as a male and Arab space. Leila Abouzeid’s work features women’s voices in dialect, privileging both speakers and linguistic registers excluded from Arabized education. Brick Oussaïd’s work depicts an Amazigh protagonist who does not see his community reflected in school curricula. The chapter explores the problems inherent in “teaching” readers about the experiences of others through literature. Yet it also discusses the important potential for authors to write narratives from perspectives that are not often heard in the classroom, and make them heard there as these texts have the chance to become part of the classroom canon.

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