Refinement of the Borohydride Reduction Method for Trace Analysis of Dissolved and Particulate Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Marine Water Samples

1998 ◽  
Vol 70 (22) ◽  
pp. 4864-4867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafel Simó ◽  
Gillian Malin ◽  
Peter S. Liss
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Borohydride Reduction

scholarly journals Microbial Activity in Aquatic Environments Measured by Dimethyl Sulfoxide Reduction and Intercomparison with Commonly Used Methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Griebler ◽  
Doris Slezak
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Microbial Reduction ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Cell Production

ABSTRACT A new method to determine microbial (bacterial and fungal) activity in various freshwater habitats is described. Based on microbial reduction of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dimethyl sulfide (DMS), our DMSO reduction method allows measurement of the respiratory activity in interstitial water, as well as in the water column. DMSO is added to water samples at a concentration (0.75% [vol/vol] or 106 mM) high enough to compete with other naturally occurring electron acceptors, as determined with oxygen and nitrate, without stimulating or inhibiting microbial activity. Addition of NaN3, KCN, and formaldehyde, as well as autoclaving, inhibited the production of DMS, which proves that the reduction of DMSO is a biotic process. DMSO reduction is readily detectable via the formation of DMS even at low microbial activities. All water samples showed significant DMSO reduction over several hours. Microbially reduced DMSO is recovered in the form of DMS from water samples by a purge and trap system and is quantified by gas chromatography and detection with a flame photometric detector. The DMSO reduction method was compared with other methods commonly used for assessment of microbial activity. DMSO reduction activity correlated well with bacterial production in predator-free batch cultures. Cell-production-specific DMSO reduction rates did not differ significantly in batch cultures with different nutrient regimes but were different in different growth phases. Overall, a cell-production-specific DMSO reduction rate of 1.26 × 10−17 ± 0.12 × 10−17 mol of DMS per produced cell (mean ± standard error;R 2 = 0.78) was calculated. We suggest that the relationship of DMSO reduction rates to thymidine and leucine incorporation is linear (the R 2 values ranged from 0.783 to 0.944), whereas there is an exponential relationship between DMSO reduction rates and glucose uptake, as well as incorporation (the R 2 values ranged from 0.821 to 0.931). Based on our results, we conclude that the DMSO reduction method is a nonradioactive alternative to other methods commonly used to assess microbial activity.

scholarly journals GC-MS/MS method for trace analysis of chlorophenoxy acidic herbicides from water samples

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Diana Maria Puiu ◽  
Roxana Scutariu ◽  
Vasile Iancu ◽  
Alina Tatarus ◽  
Luoana Florentina Pascu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Acidic Herbicides

Trace analysis of parabens preservatives in drinking water treatment sludge, treated, and mineral water samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 14460-14470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Victoria Marta-Sanchez ◽  
Sergiane Souza Caldas ◽  
Antunielle Schneider ◽  
Sónia Maria Vaz Sanches Cardoso ◽  
Ednei Gilberto Primel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Sludge

Trace Analysis of Phenols in Water by Gas Chromatography

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek A. J. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

A method for analysis of low concentrations of phenols, cresols, and xylenols in water samples was developed. O-xylene was added to the sample as an internal standard and the sample was extracted once with chloroform to remove a portion of the total organic material present. The trimethylsilyl derivatives of the phenols were formed and analysis completed by gas chromatography. The method was rapid and required a minimum of sample manipulation. The lower limit of detection was 0.100 mg/liter for phenol, 0.025 mg/liter for cresols, and 0.050 mg/liter for xylenols.

An improved device with an affinity membrane to collect depth specific contamination free water for environmental assessment

The Analyst ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweta Binod Kumar ◽  
Hardik Trivedi ◽  
Narshibhai Rameshbhai Baraiya ◽  
Soumya Haldar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Affinity Membrane

The prime requirement for marine water studies is a competent sampling device that can collect water samples perfectly without any contamination to avoid false analysis.

Silver Nanoparticles with Enhanced Fluorescence Effects on Fluorescein Derivative

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yang ◽  
Feng Yan Ge ◽  
Jin Cai Li ◽  
Zai Sheng Cai ◽  
Fang Fang Qin
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Borohydride Reduction ◽  
Enhanced Fluorescence ◽  
Metal Enhanced Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescence Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Borohydride Reduction

Silver nanoparticles were prepared by sodium borohydride reduction method for analyzing metal-enhanced fluorescence property. Some variables including the dosage of reagent, reacting temperature and pH value had been investigated. Subsequently, a comparison of metal-enhanced fluorescence efficiency was made between two kinds of fluorescent dyes, namely fluorescein and 6-carboxyfluorescein at different silver concentrations. The experimental results show that the fluorescence of both dyes are remarkably enhanced. It is interesting to note that the increase of emission intensity is stronger than that of their corresponding excitation ones. Furthermore, a 5.038-fold increase in fluorescence for 6-carboxyfluorescein while a 2.506-fold increase for fluorescein are observed. This may attribute to the interaction between dyes and silver nanoparticels.

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