Evaluation of Polymer Compatibility with Bio-oil Produced from Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 7993-7997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Haverly ◽  
Lysle E. Whitmer ◽  
Robert C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Polymer Compatibility

scholarly journals Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on Product Distribution and Characteristics of Anaerobic Sludge

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Hanif ◽  
Mohammed Zwawi ◽  
Sergio C. Capareda ◽  
Hamid Iqbal ◽  
Mohammed Algarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Combustible Gases

Pyrolysis of anaerobically digested sludge can serve as an efficient biomass for biofuel production. Pyrolysis produces products like char, bio-oil, and combustible gases by thermochemical conversion process. It can be used for sludge treatment that decreases sludge disposal problems. Sludge produced from anaerobic co-digestion (microalgae, cow dung, and paper) waste has high carbon and hydrogen content. We investigated the candidacy of the anaerobic sludge having high heating value (HHV) of 20.53 MJ/kg as a reliable biomass for biofuels production. The process of pyrolysis was optimized with different temperatures (400, 500, and 600 °C) to produce high quantity and improved quality of the products, mainly bio-oil, char, and gas. The results revealed that with the increase in pyrolysis temperature the quantity of char decreased (81% to 55%), bio-oil increased (3% to 7%), and gas increased (2% to 5%). The HHV of char (19.2 MJ/kg), bio-oil (28.1 MJ/kg), and gas (18.1 MJ/kg) were predominantly affected by the amount of fixed carbon, hydrocarbons, and volatile substance, respectively. The study confirmed that the anaerobic sludge is a promising biomass for biofuel production and pyrolysis is an efficient method for its safe disposal.

scholarly journals Numerical Study on Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolytic Bio-Oil Model Compound, Guaiacol, in Fluidized Bed Reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogene Fortunate ◽  
Nanda Kishore
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Time Step Size ◽  
Bio Oil

Abstract The bio-oil obtained by thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass consist of large fractions of oxygenated compounds which deteriorate its quality leading to low calorific value, high viscosity, high density, high moisture content, etc. Therefore, the bio-oil should be deoxygenated using hydrogen in the presence of appropriate catalyst to improve its properties. Adequate literature on pyrolysis of biomass within the framework of computational fluid dynamics is available but only a couple of papers available on hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil obtained by pyrolysis. Thus, in this study, guaiacol has been selected as a representative model compound of phenolic fraction of bio-oil for upgrading it by catalytic hydrodeoxygenation. The reaction process has been implemented in a fluidised bed reactor in the presence of palladium catalyst, Pd/Al 2 O 3 using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based solver, ANSYS Fluent 14.5. The range of conditions considered herein are: weight-hourly space velocity (WHSV) = 1, 3 and 5 h -1 ; superficial H 2 -gas velocity, u = 0.075, 0.15 and 0.25 m/s; catalyst load = 0.06 kg and temperature, T = 548 K, 573 K, and 598 K. The solver has been thoroughly validated in terms of grid dependence study, time step size dependence study validating hydrodynamics and HDO results wherever possible with existing literature results. The HDO of guaiacol produces phenol as the most abundant compound along with significant amount of cyclopentanone and methanol. The formation of cyclopentanone from HDO of guaiacol is favourable at high temperature whereas low temperature conditions favour formation of methanol and phenol.

scholarly journals Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daya Shankar Pandey ◽  
Giannis Katsaros ◽  
Christian Lindfors ◽  
James J. Leahy ◽  
Savvas A. Tassou
Keyword(s):  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Fluidised Bed Reactor

Livestock production is among the most rapidly growing sectors of the agricultural economy driven primarily by growing demand for animal protein, but also posing significant waste disposal issues and environmental impacts. Moreover, opportunities exist for utilising animal waste at the farm level for heat and power generation (thermal conversion) which can contribute to economic sustainability and also provide a bio-fertiliser for soil amendment. The present study is focused on energy and nutrient recovery from poultry litter using a thermochemical conversion technology (fast pyrolysis). The formation of products (gases, biochar and bio-oil) during the fast pyrolysis of poultry litter was experimentally investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidised bed reactor. Pyrolytic gases accounted for 15–22 wt.% of the product. The carbon content in biochar increased from 47 to 48.5 wt.% with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature. Phosphorous and potassium recovery in the biochar were over 75%, suggesting that it could be used as an organic soil amendment. The high ash content in poultry litter (14.3 wt.%) resulted in low bio-oil and high biochar yield. The bio-oil yield was over 27 wt.% with a higher heating value of 32.17 MJ/kg (dry basis). The total acid number of the bio-oil decreased from 46.30 to 38.50 with an increase in temperature. The nitrogen content in the bio-oil produced from the poultry litter (>7 wt.%) was significantly higher compared to bio-oil produced from the wood (0.1 wt.%).

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID WASTE FOR USE IN THE PYROLYSIS PROCESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Garcia ◽  
Juliana Araujo Da Silva ◽  
Jorge Luis Dias Dos Santos ◽  
Carina Ferrari Braga ◽  
Marcelo Aparecido Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Bio Oil

Brazil is still very incipient in the use of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) for the generation of fuels and electric energy. Law No. 12.305/10 establishes the National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP), considered efficient and adequate for solving the problems caused by MSW. However,  NSWP is considered a process of high cost when compared to  landfill. Due to the need to seek clean and renewable forms of energy, the pyrolysis process can be an alternative in the  primary energy production. This is a thermochemical conversion process, which occurs at high temperatures and involves several chemical reactions, whose liquid organic aqueous fraction is called bio-oil. This work studied the physicochemical characteristics of some types of waste (food scraps, cardboard and paper) and their potential for power generation. The samples presented similar elemental composition and the moisture content for energy generation: 7 % for food scraps (FS), 6 % for cardboard and 4 % for paper. Thermogravimetric analysis were performed to establish that the optimum temperature pyrolysis, in addition to determining  the ash content, values above 20 % may cause loss of energy in the process or soot in the liquid fraction. The lowest  heating value (LHV) presented typical values of biomasses, between 13 MJ/kg and 20/MJ kg. Considering the obtained results, these samples presented energetic potential for use in the pyrolysis process.

Emission and performance analysis of thermochemical conversion of bio-oil using waste animal fat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanandh Janarthanam ◽  
Sridhar Raja Sundara Raju Kachupalli ◽  
Senthil Kumar Jayapalan ◽  
Ganesan Subbiah ◽  
Purusothaman Mani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Emission And Performance

Thermochemical conversion of low-lipid microalgae for the production of liquid fuels: challenges and opportunities

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (24) ◽  
pp. 18673-18701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yulong Wu ◽  
Derun Hua ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
Michael P. Harold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Catalytic Upgrading ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

This critical review provides an investigation elaborated by recent references on conversion of low-lipid microalgae into bio-oil via pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction, and the catalytic upgrading of algal-derived bio-oil was examined.

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