Non-invasive brain delivery of neurotherapeutics is challenging due to the blood-brain barrier. The revived interest in transferrin receptor antibodies (TfRMAbs) as brain drug-delivery vectors has revealed the effect of dosing regimen, valency, and affinity on brain uptake, TfR expression, and Fc-effector function side effects. These studies have primarily used monovalent TfRMAbs with a human constant region following acute intravenous dosing in mice. The effects of a high-affinity bivalent TfRMAb with a murine constant region, without a fusion partner, following extravascular dosing in mice are, however, not well characterized. Here we elucidate the plasma pharmacokinetics and safety of a high-affinity bivalent TfRMAb with a murine constant region following acute and chronic subcutaneous dosing in adult C57BL/6J male mice. Mice received a single (acute dosing) 3 mg/kg dose, or were treated for four weeks (chronic dosing). TfRMAb and control IgG1 significantly altered reticulocyte counts following acute and chronic dosing, while other hematologic parameters showed minimal change. Chronic TfRMAb dosing did not alter plasma- and brain-iron measurements, nor brain TfR levels, however, it significantly increased splenic-TfR and -iron. Plasma concentrations of TfRMAb were significantly lower in mice chronically treated with IgG1 or TfRMAb. Overall, no injection related reactions were observed in mice.
Plasma Pharmacokinetics of High-Affinity Transferrin Receptor Antibody-Erythropoietin Fusion Protein is a Function of Effector Attenuation in Mice