Carbon Filter Process for Flue-Gas Carbon Capture on Carbonaceous Sorbents: Steam-Aided Vacuum Swing Adsorption Option

This paper describes an extension of a novel, carbon-burning, fluid phase chemical looping combustion system proposed previously. The system generates both power and H2 with ‘inherent’ carbon capture using chemical looping combustion (CLC) to perform the main energy release from the fuel. A mixed Pb and Zn based oxygen carrier is used, and due to the thermodynamics of the carbothermic reduction of PbO and ZnO respectively, the system generates a flue gas which consists of a mixture of CO2 and CO. By product H2 is generated from this flue gas using the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR). By varying the proportion of Pb to Zn circulating in the chemical loop, the ratio of CO2 to CO can be controlled, which in turn enables the ratio between the amount of H2 produced to the amount of power generated to be adjusted. By this means, the power output from the system can be ‘turned down’ in periods of low electricity demand without requiring plant shutdown. To facilitate the adjustment of the Pb/Zn ratio, use is made of the two metal’s mutual insolubility, as this means they form in to two liquid layers at the base of the reduction reactor. The amount of Pb and Zn rich liquid drawn from the two layers and subsequently circulated around the system is controlled thereby varying the Pb/Zn ratio. To drive the endothermic reduction of ZnO formed in the oxidiser, hot Zn vapour is ‘blown’ into the reducer where it condenses, releasing latent heat. The Zn vapour to produce this ‘blast’ of hot gas is generated in a flash vessel fed with hot liquid metal extracted from the oxidiser. A mass and energy balance has been conducted for a power system, operating on the Pb/Zn cycle. In the analysis, reactions are assumed to reach equilibrium and losses associated with turbomachinery are considered; however, pressure losses in equipment and pipework are assumed to be negligible. The analysis reveals that a power system with a second law efficiency of between 62% and 68% can be constructed with a peak turbine inlet temperature of only ca. 1850 K. The efficiency varies as the ratio between power and H2 production varies, with the lower efficiency occurring at the maximum power output condition.

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A superior mixed electron and carbonate-ion conducting metal-carbonate composite membrane for advanced flue-gas carbon capture

Journal of Membrane Science ◽

10.1016/j.memsci.2016.01.041 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 505 ◽

pp. 225-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jie Fang ◽

Jingjing Tong ◽

Kevin Huang

Keyword(s):

Composite Membrane ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbonate Ion ◽

Metal Carbonate ◽

Ion Conducting

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An Enhanced Carbon Capture and Storage Process (e-CCS) Applied to Shallow Reservoirs Using Nanofluids Based on Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Nanospheres

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12132088 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (13) ◽

pp. 2088 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elizabeth Rodriguez Acevedo ◽

Farid B. Cortés ◽

Camilo A. Franco ◽

Francisco Carrasco-Marín ◽

Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Co2 Adsorption ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Co2 Separation ◽

Storage Process ◽

Carbon Nanospheres ◽

And Storage ◽

Shallow Reservoirs

The implementation of carbon capture and storage process (CCS) has been unsuccessful to date, mainly due to the technical issues and high costs associated with two main stages: (1) CO2 separation from flue gas and (2) CO2 injection in deep geological deposits, more than 300 m, where CO2 is in supercritical conditions. This study proposes, for the first time, an enhanced CCS process (e-CCS), in which the stage of CO2 separation is removed and the flue gas is injected directly in shallow reservoirs located at less than 300 m, where the adsorptive phenomena control CO2 storage. Nitrogen-rich carbon nanospheres were used as modifying agents of the reservoir porous texture to improve both the CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity. For this purpose, sandstone was impregnated with a nanofluid and CO2 adsorption was evaluated at different pressures (atmospheric pressure and from 3 × 10−3 MPa to 3.0 MPa) and temperatures (0, 25, and 50 °C). As a main result, a mass fraction of only 20% of nanomaterials increased both the surface area and the molecular interactions, so that the increase of adsorption capacity at shallow reservoir conditions (50 °C and 3.0 MPa) was more than 677 times (from 0.00125 to 0.9 mmol g−1).

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Gas/particle partitioning before and after flue gas purification by an activated-carbon-filter

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/s0045-6535(96)00409-2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (5-7) ◽

pp. 1075-1082 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Andreas Smolka ◽

Klaus-Gerhard Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Gas Purification ◽

Before And After ◽

Activated Carbon Filter ◽

Flue Gas Purification ◽

Carbon Filter

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Flue-gas and direct-air capture of CO 2 by porous metal–organic materials

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2016.0025 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 375 (2084) ◽

pp. 20160025 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

David G. Madden ◽

Hayley S. Scott ◽

Amrit Kumar ◽

Kai-Jie Chen ◽

Rana Sanii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Large Scale ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Porous Metal ◽

Gas Mixtures ◽

Strong Interactions ◽

Direct Air Capture ◽

Air Capture ◽

Metal Organic

Sequestration of CO 2 , either from gas mixtures or directly from air (direct air capture), is a technological goal important to large-scale industrial processes such as gas purification and the mitigation of carbon emissions. Previously, we investigated five porous materials, three porous metal–organic materials (MOMs), a benchmark inorganic material, Zeolite 13X and a chemisorbent, TEPA-SBA-15 , for their ability to adsorb CO 2 directly from air and from simulated flue-gas. In this contribution, a further 10 physisorbent materials that exhibit strong interactions with CO 2 have been evaluated by temperature-programmed desorption for their potential utility in carbon capture applications: four hybrid ultramicroporous materials, SIFSIX-3-Cu , DICRO-3-Ni-i , SIFSIX-2-Cu-i and MOOFOUR-1-Ni ; five microporous MOMs, DMOF-1 , ZIF-8 , MIL-101 , UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH 2 ; an ultramicroporous MOM, Ni-4-PyC . The performance of these MOMs was found to be negatively impacted by moisture. Overall, we demonstrate that the incorporation of strong electrostatics from inorganic moieties combined with ultramicropores offers improved CO 2 capture performance from even moist gas mixtures but not enough to compete with chemisorbents. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks: materials by design’.

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