Use of Diagnostic Ions for the Detection of Fentanyl Analogs in Human Matrices by LC–QTOF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Swanson ◽  
Rebecca L. Shaner ◽  
Logan C. Krajewski ◽  
William A. Bragg ◽  
Rudolph C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fentanyl Analogs ◽  
Diagnostic Ions

scholarly journals Assessing the Relationships Between COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Opioid Overdoses in the State of Pennsylvania

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110063
Author(s):  
Brian King ◽  
Ruchi Patel ◽  
Andrea Rishworth
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Fentanyl Analogs ◽  
Measure Change ◽  
Using Data ◽  
At Home

COVID-19 is compounding opioid use disorder throughout the United States. While recent commentaries provide useful policy recommendations, few studies examine the intersection of COVID-19 policy responses and patterns of opioid overdose. We examine opioid overdoses prior to and following the Pennsylvania stay-at-home order implemented on April 1, 2020. Using data from the Pennsylvania Overdose Information Network, we measure change in monthly incidents of opioid-related overdose pre- versus post-April 1, and the significance of change by gender, age, race, drug class, and naloxone doses administered. Findings demonstrate statistically significant increases in overdose incidents among both men and women, White and Black groups, and several age groups, most notably the 30–39 and 40–49 ranges, following April 1. Significant increases were observed for overdoses involving heroin, fentanyl, fentanyl analogs or other synthetic opioids, pharmaceutical opioids, and carfentanil. The study emphasizes the need for opioid use to be addressed alongside efforts to mitigate and manage COVID-19 infection.

Detection of 30 Fentanyl Analogs by Commercial Immunoassay Kits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah E Wharton ◽  
Jerry Casbohm ◽  
Ryan Hoffmaster ◽  
Bobby N Brewer ◽  
M G Finn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Overdose Prevention ◽  
Drug Enforcement ◽  
Drug Enforcement Administration ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Fentanyl Analogs ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays

Abstract Health-care workers, laboratorians and overdose prevention centers rely on commercial immunoassays to detect the presence of fentanyl; however, the cross-reactivity of fentanyl analogs with these kits is largely unknown. To address this, we conducted a pilot study evaluating the detection of 30 fentanyl analogs and metabolites by 19 commercially available kits (9 lateral flow assays, 7 heterogeneous immunoassays and 3 homogenous immunoassays). The analogs selected for analysis were compiled from the Drug Enforcement Administration and National Forensic Laboratory Information System reports from 2015 to 2018. In general, the immunoassays tested were able to detect their intended fentanyl analog and some closely related analogs, but more structurally diverse analogs, including 4-methoxy-butyryl fentanyl and 3-methylfentanyl, were not well detected. Carfentanil was only detected by kits specifically designed for its recognition. In general, analogs with group additions to the piperidine, or bulky rings or long alkyl chain modifications in the N-aryl or alkyl amide regions, were poorly detected compared to other types of modifications. This preliminary information is useful for screening diagnostic, forensic and unknown powder samples for the presence of fentanyl analogs and guiding future testing improvements.

scholarly journals Accurate prediction of terahertz spectra of molecular crystals of fentanyl and its analogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hung Wang ◽  
Anthony C. Terracciano ◽  
Artёm E. Masunov ◽  
Mengyu Xu ◽  
Subith S. Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Dispersion Interactions ◽  
Pain Reliever ◽  
Fentanyl Analogs ◽  
High Bioavailability

AbstractFentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid pain reliever with a high bioavailability that can be used as prescription anesthetic. Rapid identification via non-contact methods of both known and emerging opioid substances in the fentanyl family help identify the substances and enable rapid medical attention. We apply PBEh-3c method to identify vibrational normal modes from 0.01 to 3 THz in solid fentanyl and its selected analogs. The molecular structure of each fentanyl analog and unique arrangement of H-bonds and dispersion interactions significantly change crystal packing and is subsequently reflected in the THz spectrum. Further, the study of THz spectra of a series of stereoisomers shows that small changes in molecular structure results in distinct crystal packing and significantly alters THz spectra as well. We discuss spectral features of synthetic opioids with higher potency than conventional fentanyl such as ohmefentanyl and sufentanil and discover the pattern of THz spectra of fentanyl analogs.

scholarly journals Small Mass but Strong Information: Diagnostic Ions Provide Crucial Clues to Correctly Identify Histone Lysine Modifications

Proteomes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Alaa Hseiky ◽  
Marion Crespo ◽  
Sylvie Kieffer-Jaquinod ◽  
François Fenaille ◽  
Delphine Pflieger
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Mass Region ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Lysine Modification ◽  
Lysine Residues ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Diagnostic Ions

(1) Background: The proteomic analysis of histones constitutes a delicate task due to the combination of two factors: slight variations in the amino acid sequences of variants and the multiplicity of post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly those occurring on lysine residues. (2) Methods: To dissect the relationship between both aspects, we carefully evaluated PTM identification on lysine 27 from histone H3 (H3K27) and the artefactual chemical modifications that may lead to erroneous PTM determination. H3K27 is a particularly interesting example because it can bear a range of PTMs and it sits nearby residues 29 and 31 that vary between H3 sequence variants. We discuss how the retention times, neutral losses and immonium/diagnostic ions observed in the MS/MS spectra of peptides bearing modified lysines detectable in the low-mass region might help validate the identification of modified sequences. (3) Results: Diagnostic ions carry key information, thereby avoiding potential mis-identifications due to either isobaric PTM combinations or isobaric amino acid-PTM combinations. This also includes cases where chemical formylation or acetylation of peptide N-termini artefactually occurs during sample processing or simply in the timeframe of LC-MS/MS analysis. Finally, in the very subtle case of positional isomers possibly corresponding to a given mass of lysine modification, the immonium and diagnostic ions may allow the identification of the in vivo structure.

Search for Melanoma Markers in Plasma and Serum Samples

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Seraglia ◽  
Susanna Vogliardi ◽  
Graziella Allegri ◽  
Stefano Comai ◽  
Mario Lise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Ions

Fourteen blood samples from patients with melanomas and 11 blood samples from healthy subjects were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The study focussed on species of low molecular weight, in the 800–5000 Da range, present in plasma and sera. While for healthy subjects plasma samples lead to the production of a higher number of ionic species, for melanoma patients a high number of diagnostic ions, present with high frequency and with quite high relative abundance, are present, in particular, in serum samples and, to a lesser extent, also in plasma. Since plasma samples are obtained more easily in comparison to sera, it is possible to suggest that plasma can also be used for these studies.

scholarly journals Detection of Fentanyl Analogs and Synthetic Opioids in Real Hair Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Salomone ◽  
Joseph J Palamar ◽  
Rachele Bigiarini ◽  
Enrico Gerace ◽  
Daniele Di Corcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Opioids ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Fentanyl Analogs

scholarly journals Identifying Fentanyl with Mass Spectral Libraries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Kearsley ◽  
Arun Moorthy
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Mass Spectral Library ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Fentanyl Analogs ◽  
Spectral Libraries ◽  
Mass Spectral Libraries

<div> <div> <div> <p>Synthesis, distribution and abuse of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid, has led to a critical worldwide epidemic. Mass spectral library searching for opioids remains unresolved despite being central to law-enforcement involving identification, monitoring and prosecution of opioid related crimes. In this article, two model problems are presented to illustrate difficulties associated with fentanyl identification. A collection of both currently-employed similarity measures and intuitive measures of dissimilarity are employed to simulate identifying fentanyl analogs with mass spectral library searching. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Analytical Strategy for the Regulatory Control of Residues of Chloramphenicol in Meat: Preliminary Studies in Milk

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
H J Keukens ◽  
M M L Aerts ◽  
W A Traag ◽  
J F M Nouws ◽  
W G De Ruig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Column Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Diagnostic Ions ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract An analytical strategy Is described for the regulatory control of residues of the veterinary drug chloramphenicol (CAP) In meat. Screening is performed directly in meat by a simple immunochemical card test with a limit of detection of about 2 μg/kg. Statistical evaluation of a collaborative study involving 13 laboratories showed that at CAP concentrations exceeding 8 μg/kg, no false negatives are found (N = 554). In positive samples, CAP Is quantltated with a routinely applicable, collaboratively tested column liquid chromatographic method with a limit of detection of about 1 μg/kg. At concentrations exceeding 10 μg/kg, the Identity of CAP Is established by Its UV spectrum obtained by using diode-array UV/VIS detection. A further confirmation can be obtained by the combination of gas chromatography/ mass selective detection In the electron Impact mode. Using 2 diagnostic Ions (m/z 225 and 208), the limit of identification Is about 5 μg/kg. The combination of the different analytical principles ensures reliable quantitation and Identification of CAP in positive samples, as established experimentally in Incurred samples and spiked samples (n &gt; 100), and theoretically by the estimation of the uncertainty factor. The proposed set-up makes a regulatory program possible in which screening can be performed In a simple laboratory environment, followed by quantitation and Identification under more sophisticated conditions. Preliminary experiments Indicate that the analytical strategy Is also applicable to the control of CAP in milk. Application of mass spectrometry with negative chemical ionization permits the confirmation of CAP concentrations as low as 0.2 μg/L.

scholarly journals Fentanyl analogs on the Swedish webforum flashback: Interest and impact of scheduling

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 103013
Author(s):  
Kim Moeller ◽  
Bengt Svensson ◽  
Rasmus Munksgaard
Keyword(s):  
Fentanyl Analogs
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