Genetic analysis of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) seedling resistance to pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris)

Euphytica ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Julier ◽  
R. Bournoville ◽  
B. Landré ◽  
C. Ecalle ◽  
S. Carré
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Seedling resistance to pea aphid of lucerne, annual medic and clover species in Victoria

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (112) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Ridland ◽  
GN Berg
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Annual Medicago ◽  
High Level

Twenty-two lines of lucerne, six of annual Medicago spp., seven of Trifolium subterraneum, six of T. repens and six of several other Trifolium spp. were tested for seedling resistance to pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), in glasshouse tests at Burnley, Victoria. In general, lucerne cultivars selected for resistance to North American biotypes of the aphid were resistant to the Victorian aphid population. However, in our tests, two cultivars (Matador and Pioneer Brand 545) that were classed as susceptible to pea aphid in the USA. were as resistant as WL 31 8, a cultivar selected in the U.SA. for resistance to pea aphid. Medicago truncatula cvv. Borung and Cyprus were highly susceptible to pea aphid. They were more severely damaged than M. sativa cv. Hunter River, which was the most susceptible of the lucerne cultivars tested. M. rugosa cv. Paragosa had a high level of resistance while M. truncatula cvv. Hannaford and Jemalong, and M. littoralis cv. Harbinger were stunted but had only a low level of seedling mortality. Of the seven cultivars of T. subterraneum tested, only cv. Clare had a high level of aphid resistance, and all lines of T. repens were susceptible. The lines of T. fragiferum, T. incarnatum and T. pratense were more resistant than the susceptible check, T. subterraneum cv. Daliak, and should at least be tolerant in the field.

SPECIES COMPOSITION OF PEA APHID (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PARASITOIDS IN WISCONSIN

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Thiboldeaux ◽  
W.D. Hutchison ◽  
D.B. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Exponential Population Growth ◽  
Exponential Population

The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), is an important pest of alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., in Wisconsin because of its characteristic potential for exponential population growth (Hutchison and Hogg 1984, 1985) and the subsequent damage in both hay quality and quantity inflicted by high populations (Cuperus et al. 1982). In Wisconsin, as in most alfalfa-producing states, there is a vast complex of natural enemies (Hutchison and Hogg 1985) that influence pea aphid population dynamics, including the hymenopteran primary parasitoids from the Aphidiidae. These primary species, however, are also attacked by several secondary parasitoids from the families Megaspilidae, Pteromalidae, and Alloxystidae.

INDIRECT SELECTION FOR RESISTANCE TO SCLEROTINIA CROWN AND STEM ROT ON ALFALFA

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. ROWE ◽  
R. E. WELTY
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Sclerotinia Trifoliorum ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
Relationship Of

The possibility of improving seedling resistance to Sclerotinia trifoliorum (Eriks) by selecting seedlings of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) for resistance to sprays of oxalate solutions was investigated using four populations of alfalfa. Seedlings with two or three trifoliate leaves were sprayed with 0.16 or 0.125 molar solutions of oxalate. The selections from each oxalate treatment in each population were polycrossed. Seedlings from remnant seed of screened populations and seed from respective polycrosses of selections for oxalate resistance were evaluated for resistance to oxalate and S. trifoliorum in the greenhouse. The selection for oxalate resistance at 0.16 molar treatment was effective in doubling the frequency of resistant seedlings. The realized heritabilities averaged 17.4 with [Formula: see text] of 1.83. The resistance to S. trifoliorum was regressed on resistance to oxalate. Only one of the four populations had a significant regression. Thus, a physiological relationship of resistance to oxalate and resistance to S. trifoliorum was not demonstrated and it was concluded that this selection procedure was unsatisfactory. Linkage and sampling error are discussed as possible causes for the single significant regression.Key words: Medicago sativa, Sclerotinia trifoliorum, selection response, heritability, disease resistance

Biotypes of Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) in Relation to Alfalfa Clones

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Cartier ◽  
A. Isaak ◽  
R. H. Painter ◽  
E. L. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Pea Aphids

AbstractTen alfalfa clones, Medicago sativa L., were tested at 60°, 70° and 80° F. in Kansas and Quebec for resistance to pea aphid biotypes, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), originating in the respective areas.The resistance of the clones at the three temperatures varied differentially at the two locations. One clone was resistant at all temperatures to aphids of both locations. Results indicated that biotype C61-86 of the pea aphid at St. Jean, Quebec, is biologically different from the population of the same species in Kansas. Results also suggest the possibility of finding or combining clones so that varieties of alfalfa resistant to pea aphids over broad geographic areas and environmental conditions can be secured.

Estimación de biomasa aérea de forrajes de invierno bajo riego a través de un dron

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gavi Reyes ◽  
César Botello-Aguillón ◽  
Leonardo Tijerina-Chávez ◽  
Arturo Galvis-Spíndola ◽  
Rodrigo Roblero-Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

E Objetivo: Desarrollar un procedimiento para estimar biomasa con imágenes digitales captadas desde un dron y modelación 3D (ID-Dron-3D) aplicable en alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) y avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Con una cámara digital acoplada al dron se obtuvieron imágenes antes de la cosecha de los cultivos, que fueron procesadas con software para luego estimar volumen de biomasa. En cada cultivo se midió altura de la planta y área cosechada, volumen aparente y real de biomasa, y peso de biomasa fresca y seca. Resultados: Con base en el análisis de regresión se obtuvieron modelos lineales a una p<0.05 para predecir: biomasa fresca en avena (R2=0.70) y alfalfa (R2 =0.47); y biomasa seca en avena (R2=0.78) y en alfalfa (R2=0.31) mediante ID-Dron-3D. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Considerando las R2 de los modelos obtenidos, los resultados en la avena forrajera fueron mejores, respecto a los detectados en alfalfa, lo cual se puede deber a la mayor variabilidad de la cobertura vegetal, ya que, en algunas unidades de muestreo, las plantas de alfalfa no cubrían completamente el suelo. Hallazgos/conclusiones: El rendimiento de biomasa fresca y seca de ambos cultivos se correlacionó significativamente con su respectivo volumen aparente estimado con imágenes digitales tomadas desde un dron y su procesamiento 3D (ID-Dron-3D).

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