Physical and Kinetic Properties of the Family 3 β-Glucosidase from Aspergillus niger Which Is Important for Cellulose Breakdown

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather F. Seidle ◽  
Ira Marten ◽  
Oded Shoseyov ◽  
Reuben E. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cellulose Breakdown

scholarly journals The β-Fructofuranosidase from Rhodotorula dairenensis: Molecular Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Evaluation of Its Transferase Activity

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
María Gimeno-Pérez ◽  
Zoran Merdzo ◽  
Eva Castillo-Rosa ◽  
Carlos Martín de Hijas ◽  
María Fernández-Lobato
Keyword(s):  
Heterologous Protein ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolases ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
The Family ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Total Protein Mass ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
New Protein

The β-fructofuranosidase from the yeast Rhodotorula dairenensis (RdINV) produces a mixture of potential prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS) of the levan-, inulin- and neo-FOS series by transfructosylation of sucrose. In this work, the gene responsible for this activity was characterized and its functionality proved in Pichia pastoris. The amino acid sequence of the new protein contained most of the characteristic elements of β-fructofuranosidases included in the family 32 of the glycosyl hydrolases (GH32). The heterologous yeast produced a protein of about 170 kDa, where N-linked and O-linked carbohydrates constituted about 15% and 38% of the total protein mass, respectively. Biochemical and kinetic properties of the heterologous protein were similar to the native enzyme, including its ability to produce prebiotic sugars. The maximum concentration of FOS obtained was 82.2 g/L, of which 6-kestose represented about 59% (w/w) of the total products synthesized. The potential of RdINV to fructosylate 19 hydroxylated compounds was also explored, of which eight sugars and four alditols were modified. The flexibility to recognize diverse fructosyl acceptors makes this protein valuable to produce novel glycosyl-compounds with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Carboxyl group modification significantly altered the kinetic properties of purified carboxymethylcellulase from Aspergillus niger

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawar Sohail Siddiqui ◽  
Abdul Aala Najmus Saqib ◽  
Mohammad Hamid Rashid ◽  
Mohammad Ibrahim Rajoka
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Group Modification

scholarly journals Dampening the DAMPs: How Plants Maintain the Homeostasis of Cell Wall Molecular Patterns and Avoid Hyper-Immunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pontiggia ◽  
Manuel Benedetti ◽  
Sara Costantini ◽  
Giulia De Lorenzo ◽  
Felice Cervone
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Plant Cell Walls ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cellulose Breakdown ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Damage Associated Molecular Patterns ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Several oligosaccharide fragments derived from plant cell walls activate plant immunity and behave as typical damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Some of them also behave as negative regulators of growth and development, and due to their antithetic effect on immunity and growth, their concentrations, activity, time of formation, and localization is critical for the so-called “growth-defense trade-off.” Moreover, like in animals, over accumulation of DAMPs in plants provokes deleterious physiological effects and may cause hyper-immunity if the cellular mechanisms controlling their homeostasis fail. Recently, a mechanism has been discovered that controls the activity of two well-known plant DAMPs, oligogalacturonides (OGs), released upon hydrolysis of homogalacturonan (HG), and cellodextrins (CDs), products of cellulose breakdown. The potential homeostatic mechanism involves specific oxidases belonging to the family of berberine bridge enzyme-like (BBE-like) proteins. Oxidation of OGs and CDs not only inactivates their DAMP activity, but also makes them a significantly less desirable food source for microbial pathogens. The evidence that oxidation and inactivation of OGs and CDs may be a general strategy of plants for controlling the homeostasis of DAMPs is discussed. The possibility exists of discovering additional oxidative and/or inactivating enzymes targeting other DAMP molecules both in the plant and in animal kingdoms.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Fungal Plant Pathogens by Aqueous Extracts of Arum cyreniacum

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Abdulrraziq ◽  
Sami M. Salih ◽  
Sultan F. Alnomasy ◽  
Ziyad M. Aldosari ◽  
Bader S. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens ◽  
The Family

Arum cyreniacum is an important member of the family of Araceae because of its bio-activities. Hence this work aimed to establish a link between Arum cyreniacum and its uses as bio-control against plant pathogenic fungi which had never hitherto been established. This work was carried out to evaluate the activity of the aqueous extracts of tubers, leaves, and flowers of Arum cyreniacum against three different types of pathogenic fungi, Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores and Aspergillus niger. The antifungal activity of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum was determined by poisoned food technique. The results showed that Arum cyreniacum had an inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner on Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores, while Aspergillus niger was resistant to all extracts. However, the great inhibition activity against tested fungi was associated with increasing concentrations of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum. Data in this work indicated that the use of Arum cyreniacum could be a valid alternative for bio-control of plant pathogenic fungi.

A Novel Agarwood Resin Inducement Method Using Mycotoxins of Selected Fungal Species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upul Subasinghe ◽  
R.A.P. Malithi ◽  
S.W. Withanage ◽  
T.H.P.S. Fernando ◽  
D.S. Hettiarachchi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Resin Content ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
The Family ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Agarwood Resin ◽  
First Time

Abstract Agarwood is a dark, fragrant, valuable resinous wood produced in Aquilaria and Gyrinops tree species in the family Thymelaeaceae to protect internal tissues from microbial infections. Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani are well known to induce agarwood resin formation. This study demonstrated for the first time that agarwood resin formation can be induced by the mycotoxins of A. niger and F. solani. Different volumes of mycotoxins extracted from the ASP-U strain (USJCC-0059) of A. niger and the FUS-U strain (USJCC-0060) of F. solani were inoculated into A. crassna trees at 1 m intervals. The impacts of the inoculations were observed through resin content and constituent analysis at 7 months after inoculation. Resin production due to the mycotoxins of ASP-U and FUS-U was restricted to ±20 cm and ±60 cm, respectively, from the inoculation point. Color of the resinous agarwood varied from yellowish-brown to black. The differences in resin content formation due to the different inoculant volumes of ASP-U and FUS-U were statistically significant, and the average resin contents varied from 0.89%-4.44% and 1.24%-9.20%, respectively. GC-MS analysis detected 27 constituents responsible for the characteristic aroma of agarwood resin. Among them, phenyl butanone, agarofuran, agarospirol, β-caryophyllene, alloaromadendrene oxide and (-)guaiene-1(10),11-diene-15-ol were found in all extracts. These are common in commercially available agarwood induced by fungal species. Hence, we demonstrated that the mycotoxins of specific fungal strains can be used for agarwood production. Therefore, chemically synthesized mycotoxins can be used at commercial-scale, eliminating the difficulties of maintaining live fungal cultures for agarwood production.

scholarly journals Glucose transporters (GLUT and SGLT): expanded families of sugar transport proteins

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Stuart Wood ◽  
Paul Trayhurn
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Glucose Transporters ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Sugar Transporters ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Considerable Complexity

The number of known glucose transporters has expanded considerably over the past 2 years. At least three, and up to six, Na+-dependent glucose transporters (SGLT1–SGLT6; gene name SLC5A) have been identified. Similarly, thirteen members of the family of facilitative sugar transporters (GLUT1–GLUT12 and HMIT; gene name SLC2A) are now recognised. These various transporters exhibit different substrate specificities, kinetic properties and tissue expression profiles. The number of distinct gene products, together with the presence of several different transporters in certain tissues and cells (for example, GLUT1, GLUT4, GLUT5, GLUT8, GLUT12 and HMIT in white adipose tissue), indicates that glucose delivery into cells is a process of considerable complexity.

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