Water table salinity, rainfall and water use by umbrella pine trees (Pinus pinea L.)

Plant Ecology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Teobaldelli ◽  
Maurizio Mencuccini ◽  
Pietro Piussi
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Umbrella Pine

scholarly journals Influence of umbrella pine (Pinus pinea L.) stand type and tree characteristics on cone production

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1019-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Gonçalves ◽  
Anabela Afonso ◽  
Dulce G. Pereira ◽  
Anacleto Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Stand Type ◽  
Umbrella Pine ◽  
Tree Characteristics

scholarly journals WATER USE BY BROCCOLI PLANTS (Brassica oleracea F, var. Italica)

Irriga ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Antonio Evaldo Klar ◽  
Ed Wilson Da Silva Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class A Pan

WATER USE BY BROCCOLI PLANTS (Brassica oleracea F, var. Italica)  Antonio Evaldo Klar* Ed Wilson da Silva FontesDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agricultural Sciences, State University of São Paulo, P.O. 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP. E-mail: [email protected]* Scientific Researchist of CNPq.  1 ABSTRACT  Broccoli (Brassica oleracea F, var. Italica) plants were transplanted to four lysimeters (116 cm x 116 cm and 150 cm depth), two of them maintained at 40 cm and two at 50 cm water table.  Other two lysimeters, one for each level, received grass (Paspalum notatum, F.) to measure Reference Evapotranspiration (EToLY). Surrounded area received 2,500 m2 of broccoli plants with soil water potentials ( s) maintained higher than –30 kPa. The results allowed to conclude: - there were no statistical differences between the plant parameters from 40cm lysimeters and the surrounded area; - the Class A Pan, Radiation-FAO, Penman-FAO and Penman-Monteith Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) methods, in this order, had significant correlations to the data obtained from 40 cm water table level lysimeter; - the Kc (crop coefficient) broccoli values ranged from 0.88 to 1.42 for KcLY (Lysimeters), 1.24 to 2.14 for KcA (Class A Pan), 1.19 to 1.71 for KcPM (Penman-Monteith), 0.95 to1.42 for KcPF (Penman-FAO) and 0.82 to 1.49 for KcR (Radiation-FAO) from stages II to V; - the plant water using ranged from 4.09 to 6.25 mm/day for 40 cm water level, and 2.68 to 5.25 mm/day for 50 cm water level for the same stages, respectively. The lysimeters at 50 cm water level yielded 64,3% less inflorescences and 8.1% lower water using efficiency than the plants from 40 cm water level lysimeters.  KEY WORDS: irrigation, evapotranspiration, broccoli.  KLAR, A.E.; FONTES, E.W.S. USO D’ÁGUA POR PLANTAS DE BRÓCOLOS (Brassicaoleracea F, var. Itálica).  2 RESUMO  Plantas de brócolos foram transplantadas para 4 lisímetros de 116 x 116 de área x 150 cm de profundidade, sendo dois mantidos com 40 cm e outros dois com 50 cm de nível de lençol freático. Outros dois lisímetros foram usados para medir a evapotranspiração de referência (EToLy) com grama batatais nos mesmos níveis de água. Os lisímetros foram colocados no meio de uma cultura de brócolos com área de 2500 m2, com o potencial de água do solo mantido acima de –30kPa. Os resultados permitiram que se concluísse: - não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os valores de área foliar, pesos de matéria seca das folhas e das inflorescências entre as plantas de fora e de dentro dos lisímetros de nível de água de 40 cm; - os métodos do tanque Classe A, FAO-Radiação, Penman-FAO e Penman-Monteith, nesta ordem, correlacionaram-se significativamente com os dados obtidos no lisímetro de grama de nível 40 cm; - os lisímetros com brócolos e nível de 50 cm tiveram produtividade 64,3% menor e mostraram eficiência de uso de água 8,1% menor que os de 40 cm e 2,68 a 5,25 mm de evapotranspiração por dia, não sendo, portanto, indicados para a medir-se EToLY;- os valores dos coeficientes de cultura variaram de 0,88 a 1,42 para KcLY (lisímetro de 40 cm), de 1,24 a 2,14 para KcA (tanque Classe A), de 1,19 a 1,71 para KcPM (Penman-Monteith), de 0,95 a 1,42 para KcPF (Penman-FAO) e de 0,82 a 1,49 para KcR (FAO-Radiação) para os estádios II a V, respectivamente.  UNITERMOS: brócolos, coeficiente de cultura, evapotranspiração de referência.

Soil water extraction by a mixed eucalypt forest during a drought period

Soil Research ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Talsma ◽  
EA Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Drought Period

Eucalypt trees growing on deep soils, with a water table at about 8 m depth, showed no apparent drought effects during the 1982-83 dry period in south-east Australia when gross precipitation was only 388 mm. At the end of the drought, soil water to 4 m depth was depleted to a soil water potential of -0.5 MPa and under these conditions unsaturated flow from the water table to the lower root zone was calculated to be 0.17 mm day-1. Water extraction over the depth interval from 0 to 6 m in the drought year was 533 mm, some 200 mm in excess of that used during a year of average rainfall. The contribution to tree water use from unsaturated flow from the water table was calculated to be small (15 mm) even in a drought year, and in most years water movement would be towards the water table to yield a deep drainage term estimated between 40 and 100 mm. Growth ring studies indicated that the lower water use, estimated at 2.6 mm day-1 during the spring-summer drought, did not affect the slowly growing E. radiata species, but reduced stem diameter growth of the faster growing E. dalrympleana and E. pauciflora species.

Estimating water table contributions to corn and sorghum water use

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R Sepaskhah ◽  
A Kanooni ◽  
M.M Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table

scholarly journals Water use efficiency and yield of cowpea and nutrient loss in lysimeter experiment under varying water table depth, irrigation schedules and irrigation method

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binny Dasila ◽  
Veer Singh ◽  
HS Kushwaha ◽  
Ajaya Srivastava ◽  
Shri Ram
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
Use Efficiency

Lysimeter experiment was conducted at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar during summer season 2013 to study the effect of irrigation schedules and methods on yield, nutrient uptake and water use efficiency of cowpea as well as nutrient loss from silty clay loam soil under fluctuating water table conditions. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design having three irrigation schedules at IW/CPE ratio of 0.3. 0.2 and 0.15 with two irrigation methods (flood and sprinkler) and at 30±1.5, 60±1.5 and 90±1.5 cm water tables replicated thrice. Maximum root length (129.4 cm) and root length density (0.395 cm/cm3) were obtained when irrigation was scheduled at IW: CPE 0.3 associated with 30±1.5 cm water table depth using sprinkler method. Increase in water table depth and IW: CPE ratio decreased water use efficiency where IW: CPE 0.3 produced highest grain yield (1411.6 kg ha-1) with the WUE of 1.15 kg ha mm-1. Significant nutrients uptake response was observed owing to variation in water table depth, irrigation schedules and methods. Analysis of lysimeter leached water showed that with deep drainage and more IW:CPE, leaching losses of N,P and K were more however water applied through sprinkler saved 20.1, 53.7 and 24.4% N, P and K, respectively, over flooded method. Irrigation given at IW: CPE 0.3 through sprinkler form at 60±1.5 cm water table depth favours the higher grain yield and nutrient uptake by crop whereas flooded irrigation with deep water table condition accelerated nutrient leaching.SAARC J. Agri., 14(2): 46-55 (2016)

scholarly journals Water Table Depth Effect on Water Use and Tuber Yield for Subirrigated Caladium Production

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Stanley ◽  
B.K. Harbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Depth Effect ◽  
Production Index ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Rain Events

A study was conducted to determine the effect of water table depth on water use and tuber yields for subirrigated caladium (Caladium × hortulanum) production. A field-situated drainage lysimeter system was used to control water table depths at 30, 45 and 60 cm (11.8, 17.7, and 23.6 inches). Water use was estimated by accounting for water added or removed (after rain events) to maintain the desired water table depth treatments. In 1998, tuber weights, the number of Jumbo grade tubers, and the production index (tuber value index) of `White Christmas' were greater when plants were grown with the water table maintained at 30 or 45 cm compared to 60 cm. In 1999, tuber weights, the number of Mammoth grade tubers, and the production index, also were greater when plants were grown at water table depths of 30 or 45 cm compared to 60 cm. The average estimated daily water use was 6.6, 5.1, and 3.3 mm (0.26, 0.20, and 0.13 inch) for plants grown at water table depths of 30, 45, and 60 cm, respectively, indicating an inverse relationship with water table depth. While current water management practices in the caladium industry attempt to maintain a 60-cm water table, results from this study indicate that, for subirrigated caladium tuber production, the water table should be maintained in at 30 to 45 cm for maximum production on an organic soil.

scholarly journals Electing superior trees: a study on the phenotypic traits of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 205 (02) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Mikhail Karpukhin ◽  
Abdo M. Yussef
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Pine Trees

Abstract. The purpose of this study was electing superior Stone Pine trees to get the seeds with high genetic traits. Method. This study is carried out in four sites using four samples per site. Ten phenotypic traits of the trees in our sample are examined to determine the maximum value for each trait (measured in points out of ten). We then calculate the percentage value for each tree; weighted of each trait’s value. Then, the total number of points for each tree is calculated in order to be able to choose trees that have achieved the highest points i.e. considered superior. As a result. Four superior trees are elected from each site. Next, a one-way analysis of variance (Anova) is conducted on the superior trees in each site. The results show no significant differences between them. However, when the analysis is applied to traits, statistically significant differences are found where some traits outweigh the others in terms of the role they play in the evaluation of superior trees, and thus we can adopt these traits as basic traits for evaluate the superior trees. Scientific novels. According to this study, these superior trees can be selected as distinct mother seeds which can be used in propagation Pinus pinea.

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