Effekte von L-Dopa auf die Speicherung und den Abruf verbaler Informationen bei Schlaganfallpatienten

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Golz ◽  
E. Erdfelder
Keyword(s):  
Off Time

Zusammenfassung: In einer Doppel-Blind-Studie wurde geprüft, ob das katecholaminerg stimulierende Medikament L-Dopa die Gedächtnisleistungen von Schlaganfallpatienten steigern kann. 37 Patienten wurden zur On-Time und Off-Time des Medikaments einer neuropsychologischen Untersuchung unterzogen. Mittels Varianzanalysen konnte gezeigt werden, dass L-Dopa die verbalen episodischen Gedächtnisleistungen verbessern kann, und zwar offenbar speziell die Reproduktion und weniger die Rekognition von Informationen. Analysen auf der Grundlage des Speicherungs-Abruf-Modells von Batchelder und Riefer (1980 , 1986 ) demonstrierten darüber hinaus, dass eher die itemspezifische als die semantisch-relationale Verarbeitung von Itemgruppen profitiert. Eine Steigerung der Aufmerksamkeitsleistung im Sinne der “Alertness” konnte nicht ausgemacht werden, ebenso wenig ein bedeutsamer Zusammenhang von Aufmerksamkeits- und Gedächtnisleistungen. Die Ergebnisse können zusammenfassend dahingehend interpretiert werden, dass insbesondere der Abruf itemspezifischer Informationen durch L-Dopa selektiv gefördert werden kann. Die mögliche vermittelnde Rolle des Neurotransmitters Noradrenalin wird diskutiert.

QUANTITATIVE CRITERIA FOR VALIDATION OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM NEUROFEEDBACK TRAINING PROTOCOL: A PILOT STUDY ON NEUROPATHIC PAIN

2019 ◽  
Vol XVI (4) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abul Hasan ◽  
Matthew Fraser ◽  
Saad Ahmed Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Off Time ◽  
Training Protocol

Neurofeedback (NF) training has been used for the treatment of neuropathic pain. This paper presents the results of assessment of the learning ability of five patients having neuropathic pain. The following two types of baselines were adopted: Baseline 1 refers to power on Day 1 in PreNF state; and Baseline 2 refers to power recorded on each training day in PreNF state. The result of the study demonstrated that not only the baseline its selection is also important to demonstrate the validity of training protocol. It was also found that Baseline 2 can be used to define cut-off time for training (when training should be stopped). All five patients can be classified as learner and alpha band was found to be most relevant for NF training.

scholarly journals Active Clamp Boost Converter with Blanking Time Tuning Considered

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Yeu-Torng Yau ◽  
Kuo-Ing Hwu ◽  
Yu-Kun Tai
Keyword(s):  
Boost Converter ◽  
Zero Current Switching ◽  
Active Clamp ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Auto Tuning ◽  
Voltage Spike ◽  
Resonant Inductor ◽  
Off Time ◽  
Conduction Mode ◽  
Time Point

An active clamp boost converter with blanking time auto-tuned is presented herein, and this is implemented by an additional auxiliary switch, an additional resonant inductor, and an additional active clamp capacitor as compared with the conventional boost converter. In this structure, both the main and auxiliary switches have zero voltage switching (ZVS) turn-on as well as the output diode has zero current switching (ZCS) turn-off, causing the overall efficiency of the converter to be upgraded. Moreover, as the active clamp circuit is adopted, the voltage spike on the main switch can be suppressed to some extent whereas, because of this structure, although the input inductor is designed in the continuous conduction mode (CCM), the output diode can operate with ZCS turn-off, leading to the resonant inductor operating in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), hence there is no reverse recovery current during the turn-off period of the output diode. Furthermore, unlike the existing soft switching circuits, the auto-tuning technique based on a given look-up table is added to adjust the cut-off time point of the auxiliary switch to reduce the current flowing through the output diode, so that the overall efficiency is upgraded further. In this paper, basic operating principles, mathematic deductions, potential designs, and some experimental results are given. To sum up, the novelty of this paper is ZCS turn-off of the output diode, DCM operation of the resonant inductor, and auto-tuning of cut-off time point of the auxiliary switch. In addition, the efficiency of the proposed converter can be up to 96.9%.

The Effects of Sophistication on Type V Bekesy Patterns in Simulated Hearing Loss

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick N. Martin ◽  
Deborah A. Monro
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
General Decrease ◽  
Continuous Tone ◽  
Type V ◽  
Békésy Audiometry ◽  
Off Time

Forty-five normal-hearing subjects were divided into three groups according to sophistication regarding Bekesy audiometry in simulated hearing loss. Both standard pulsed (200 msec on/200 msec off) and lengthened off-time (200 msec on/800 msec off) were compared with a continuous tone tracing at 1000 Hz. Data revealed a general decrease in the number of Type V patterns observed as sophistication increased.

Compound Finish Processes Using Burnishing and Ultrasonic Electrochemical Finishing on Hole-Wall Surface

2008 ◽  
Vol 53-54 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Pai Shan Pa
Keyword(s):  
Wall Surface ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
High Rotational Speed ◽  
Hole Wall ◽  
Finishing Processes ◽  
Pulsed Direct Current ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Electrochemical Finishing ◽  
Off Time ◽  
Better Than

This study using ultrasonic energy transmitted into the electrolyte to assist in discharging of electrolytic product out of the machining gap in the compound finishing processes of electrochemical finishing and burnishing on hole-wall surface beyond traditional process of holes machining instead of conventional hand or machine polishing. The design finish-tool includes a burnishing-tool and an electrode as a hole-wall surface finish improvement that goes beyond traditional rough boring. In the experiment, the finish-tool travels across the hole-wall surface with continuous or pulsed direct current. The experimental results show that the large supply of current rating is effectively to reach the amount of the material removal and is advantageous to the finishing processes. The average effect of the ultrasonic is more better than the pulsed current while the machining time needs not to be prolonged by the off-time. The finish effect is better with a high rotational speed of the finish-tool because the dregs discharge of electrochemical finishing becomes easier and is also advantageous to the finish. The compound processes of burnishing and ultrasonic electrochemical finishing just require a short time to make the hole-wall surface smooth and bright.

Comparison of Surface Nanostructured Electrodeposited Cu Produced from Different Power Types: Microstructure and Tensile Properties

2009 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
H.L. Chan ◽  
Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Pulse Power ◽  
Double Pulse ◽  
Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment ◽  
Electrodeposition Process ◽  
Mechanical Attrition ◽  
Off Time

Different Power types and parameters in the electrodeposition process result in different microstructures and hence mechanical properties. In this paper, direct current and double pulse power with different combinations of on and off time have been used for electrodeposition. The tensile properties of the electrodeposited (Ed) Cu with different parameters in process have been studied and also the microstructures of the Cu obtained have been examined by SEM. This paper aims at explaining the effects of one of the important parameters in electrodeposition: different power types on the tensile properties. The tensile properties of Ed Cu after Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT) are also shown in this paper.

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