European Differences in Self-Perceived Multiple Intelligences

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tim Rakow ◽  
Ivan Sarmany-Schuller ◽  
Filip De Fruyt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Culture Differences ◽  
Three Factor

In this study, 140 Belgian, 227 British, and 177 Slovakian students estimated their own multiple IQ scores as well as that of their parents (mother and father) and siblings (first and second brother and sister). Various factor analyses yielded a clear three-factor structure replicating previous studies. A sex × culture ANOVA on self-ratings of three factors that underline the seven intelligences (verbal, numerical, cultural) showed culture and sex effects as well as interactions. As predicted, males rated their own overall IQ, though not that of their parents or siblings, higher than females did. Males also rated their numerical IQ, but not their verbal or cultural IQ, higher than females did. There were few culture differences but many interactions, nearly all caused by Slovakian females, who rated aspects of their own and their fathers' IQ higher than Slovakian males, while the pattern for the Belgians was precisely the opposite. Participants believed their verbal IQ was higher than their numerical IQ and their cultural IQ. Males believed their verbal and numerical IQ score to be fairly similar, though much higher than their cultural IQ, while females believed their verbal IQ the highest, followed by numerical and cultural IQ. Females also believed they were more intelligent than both parents. Overall results showed consistency in the sex differences in ratings across cultures but differences in level of estimated IQ possibly as a result of cultural demands for modesty.

THE LEVENSON LOCUS OF CONTROL SCALES: CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSES AND EVALUATION

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Presson ◽  
Steven C. Clark ◽  
Victor A. Benassi
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Three Factor

Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factor structure of several versions of Levenson's (1973) locus of control scales. Two- and three-factor models based on all 24 of Levenson's items and on 20 of her items were tested. The 3-factor models provided a good fit. Models proposed by R. M. Shewchuk, G. A. Foelker Jr., and G. Niederehe (1990) and R. M. Shewchuk, G. A Foelker Jr., C. J. Camp, and F. Blanchard-Fields (1992) also provided a good fit of the data. In concurrent and prospective tests of the predictive ability of the various models, the 24 and 20 item versions of Levenson's models accounted for a significant amount of variance In depressive symptomatology. The three-factor models revealed that only scores on the chance scale reliably predicted time 2 depressive symptomatology. Neither of the models proposed by Shewchuk and colleagues accounted for a significant amount of variance.

scholarly journals Exploring the dimensionality of the TRIM-18 in the Spanish context

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernández-Capo ◽  
Silvia Recoder ◽  
Juana Gómez-Benito ◽  
María Gámiz ◽  
Pilar Gual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Reliability Method ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Three Factor

<p>Introduction: The Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivation (TRIM-18) Inventory is an instrument that assesses episodic forgiveness. This scale is composed of three subscales: <em>avoidance</em>, <em>revenge</em> and <em>benevolence</em>. The present study examined the dimensionality of the Spanish version of the TRIM-18 (TRIM-18-S) and provided evidence of validity and reliability. Method: A total of 943 participants completed the TRIM-18-S.  A subset of 277 participants completed additional measures of empathy, anger, and information regarding the relation with the offender. Results: The TRIM-18-S showed good psychometric properties, and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a three-factor structure. Conclusions: The scale presents adequate psychometric properties for its potential use in a Spanish population.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The Structure of Bryant's Empathy Index for Children: A Cross-Validation Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Lasa Aristu ◽  
Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello ◽  
Miguel Ángel Carrasco Ortiz ◽  
María Victoria del Barrio Gándara
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Polychoric Correlations ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Three Factor

The present study examined the structure of Bryant's Empathy Index (BEI) using different samples for conducting exploratory and confirmatory analyses. The BEI was administered to a sample of 2,714 children (mean age 11.12, SD = 1.59). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed a three-factor structure: Feelings of Sadness, Understanding Feelings and Tearful Reaction. The results revealed both the multidimensionality of the instrument and appropriate fit indices for the model proposed. Although these results were very similar to those reported in other studies with a Spanish population, the analyses were conducted in a more robust way: with a larger sample and using polychoric correlations and cross validation estimation.

Estimating One's Own and One's Relatives' Multiple Intelligence: A Cross-Cultural Study from East Timor and Portugal

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Neto ◽  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Maria da Conceição Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Study ◽  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Multiple Intelligence ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Self Presentations ◽  
Culture Differences

This study examined estimates of their own, and their parents' general and multiple intelligences. Three hundred and twenty three students from East Timor, and one hundred eighty three students from Portugal estimated their own, and their parents' IQ scores on each of Gardner's ten multiple intelligences. Men believed they were more intelligent than were women on mathematical (logical), spatial, and naturalistic intelligence. There were consistent and clear culture differences. Portuguese gave higher self, and family ratings than Timorese, as expected. Participants of both cultures rated overall intelligence of their father higher than that of their mother. Implications of these results for education and self-presentations are considered.

scholarly journals Factor structure of Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices

Psico-USF ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monalisa Muniz ◽  
Cristiano Mauro Assis Gomes ◽  
Sonia Regina Pasian
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract This study's objective was to verify the factor structure of Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM). The database used included the responses of 1,279 children, 50.2% of which were males with an average age of 8.48 years old and a standard deviation of 1.49 yrs. Confirmatory factor analyses were run to test seven models based on CPM theory and on a Brazilian study addressing the test's structure. The results did not confirm the CPM theoretical proposition concerning the scales but indicated that the test can be interpreted by one general factor and one specific factor or one general factor and three specific factors; both are bi-dimensional models. The three-factor model is, however, more interpretable, suggesting that the factors can be used as a means of screening children's cognitive developmental stage.

The Cognitive Map of Occupations: Factor Structure in a Spanish Sample

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Muñoz Sastre ◽  
Etienne Mullet ◽  
Christèle Semin
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Correlated Factors ◽  
Three Factor

Summary: The present work was aimed at assessing the factorial structure of Gottfredson's (1981) cognitive map of occupations. Participants, 500 Spanish pupils aged 14 years, were presented 129 occupations derived from Shinar's (1975) questionnaire, and asked to rate each occupation on one of 10 different scales derived from Gottfredson 's work: femininity, masculinity, prestige, income, realistic, research, artistic, social, entrepreneurial, and conventional. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on the 129 × 10 matrix of means. The best solution was found to be a three-factor solution, with an independent social status factor and two correlated factors: gender and creativity.

Dimensionality of mental health activities in a German sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1106-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Hofmann ◽  
Carl-Walter Kohlmann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Delphi Consensus ◽  
Mental Impairment ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract For the promotion of mental health and the reduction of mental impairment, a person’s behavior is of vital importance. Therefore, the assessment of mental health behavior is crucial in the development of suitable interventions. The present study investigates 14 self-help strategies compiled by Morgan and Jorm (Self-help strategies that are helpful for sub-threshold depression: a Delphi consensus study. J Affect Disord2009;115: 196–200) as items of a self-report scale to assess mental health promoting behavior. Dimensionality and psychometrics of mental health activities were examined in a sample of 852 German adults (76% female). After exploratory factor analyses (EFAs, n = 543), several factor structure possibilities were subsequently tested by confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs, n = 309). Based on these results, psychometric properties were calculated. Factor analyses result in a three-factor solution with the subscales positive orientation, physical engagement and emotion regulation. CFAs indicate a good model fit. The total scale showed acceptable reliability. Correlations with indicators of positive mental health were higher than with those of mental impairment. Moreover, correlations support the three-factor structure of the instrument. Women scored higher than men in the total scale, due to differences in the subscale emotion regulation. Although some modifications were performed, the results of our analyses suggest that the self-help strategies introduced by Morgan and Jorm (2009) are indeed useful items for a brief scale to assess mental health activity. The identification of the multidimensionality is an important step in supporting the work of mental health promotion.

Intellectual Structure of Southern Negro Children

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus B. Caldwell ◽  
Timothy A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Intellectual Performance ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Southern States ◽  
And Performance

In the 1950's the WISC was given by the same examiner to a selected sample of 84 Negro children in each of five Southern states. Ages which ranged from 5 yr., 7 mo., to 12 yr., 6 mo., and sexes were equally distributed within each state. Analysis of the data showed that the Verbal IQ was significantly higher ( p = .01) than the Performance IQ for both sexes, all ages, and all but one location. There were few sex differences. Except for its influence on the factor structure of the 12 verbal and performance tests, age was not an interesting classification of the data. In all, geographical groups differed much more in WISC performance than did age or sex groups. This is consistent with strong regional differences in Negro intellectual performance apparent from a review of previous studies.

Worry and Emotionality Components of Test Anxiety in Different Sex and Age Groups of Elementary School Children

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1327-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut A. Hagtvet
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
School System ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public School System ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Anxiety Response

Alpha factor analyses and standard independent cluster rotations were applied to scores on 12 modes of anxiety response obtained on four samples selected from 264 boys and girls in Grades 6, 7, and 8 in the Norwegian elementary public school system. The worry-emotionality distinction of test anxiety was clearly supported in all samples with the exception of Grade 6. No sex differences in the factor structure across grade levels were obtained. The findings also supported the notion that the worry-emotionality distinction represents a pattern of anxiety responses that is characteristic of an individual.

scholarly journals The 21-item Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Revised (BIS-R-21): An alternative three-factor model

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-246
Author(s):  
Máté Kapitány-Fövény ◽  
Róbert Urbán ◽  
Gábor Varga ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cognitive Impulsivity ◽  
Three Factor

AbstractBackground and aimsDue to its important role in both healthy groups and those with physical, mental and behavioral disorders, impulsivity is a widely researched construct. Among various self-report questionnaires of impulsivity, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale is arguably the most frequently used measure. Despite its international use, inconsistencies in the suggested factor structure of its latest version, the BIS-11, have been observed repeatedly in different samples. The goal of the present study was therefore to test the factor structure of the BIS-11 in several samples.MethodsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on two representative samples of Hungarian adults (N = 2,457; N = 2,040) and a college sample (N = 765).ResultsAnalyses did not confirm the original model of the measure in any of the samples. Based on explorative factor analyses, an alternative three-factor model (cognitive impulsivity; behavioral impulsivity; and impatience/restlessness) of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale is suggested. The pattern of the associations between the three factors and aggression, exercise, smoking, alcohol use, and psychological distress supports the construct validity of this new model.DiscussionThe new measurement model of impulsivity was confirmed in two independent samples. However, it requires further cross-cultural validation to clarify the content of self-reported impulsivity in both clinical and nonclinical samples.

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