Family, Health, and Poverty Factors Impacting Suicide Attempts in Cambodian Women

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Desiree M. Seponski ◽  
Charity M. Somo ◽  
Sovandara Kao ◽  
Cindy J. Lahar ◽  
Sareth Khann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Study Results

Abstract. Background: Our recent report demonstrates that 5.5% of Cambodian women have previously attempted suicide. Despite these high rates and critical need for intervention, research on suicide attempts in Cambodia is lacking, and life-saving information on suicide prevention is therefore unknown. Aims: This study explores factors impacting Cambodian women suicide attempts. Method: A total of 1,801 women participated in the large national survey during which 100 of these women (5.5%) reported at least one suicide attempt. Of the 100 participants 76 provided qualitative reasons for the suicide attempts. Only the 76 who provided the reasons for suicide attempt were included for analysis in this study. Results: Four major themes emerged: (1) family conflict, (2) emotional distress, (3) poverty, and (4) illness. Family conflict, emotional distress, poverty, and illness were all interrelated with each other; for example, women without money were unable to pay for treatment of otherwise treatable illnesses. Limitations: Owing to the nature of the data collection, member checking could not be conducted. Conclusion: Cumulative and intertwined personal, interpersonal, and contextual-level factors impacting suicide attempts included emotional distress, illness, family conflict, and poverty. Findings highlight points of intervention at individual, familial, and contextual levels to prevent suicide.

Family, Health, and Poverty Factors Impacting Suicide Attempts in Cambodian Women

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Desiree M. Seponski ◽  
Charity M. Somo ◽  
Sovandara Kao ◽  
Cindy J. Lahar ◽  
Sareth Khann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Study Results

Abstract. Background: Our recent report demonstrates that 5.5% of Cambodian women have previously attempted suicide. Despite these high rates and critical need for intervention, research on suicide attempts in Cambodia is lacking, and life-saving information on suicide prevention is therefore unknown. Aims: This study explores factors impacting Cambodian women suicide attempts. Method: A total of 1,801 women participated in the large national survey during which 100 of these women (5.5%) reported at least one suicide attempt. Of the 100 participants 76 provided qualitative reasons for the suicide attempts. Only the 76 who provided the reasons for suicide attempt were included for analysis in this study. Results: Four major themes emerged: (1) family conflict, (2) emotional distress, (3) poverty, and (4) illness. Family conflict, emotional distress, poverty, and illness were all interrelated with each other; for example, women without money were unable to pay for treatment of otherwise treatable illnesses. Limitations: Owing to the nature of the data collection, member checking could not be conducted. Conclusion: Cumulative and intertwined personal, interpersonal, and contextual-level factors impacting suicide attempts included emotional distress, illness, family conflict, and poverty. Findings highlight points of intervention at individual, familial, and contextual levels to prevent suicide.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Early Post-suicidal Period after Repeat Suicide Attempts in Patients with Mental Disorders

Doctor Ru ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
N.S. Rutkovskaya ◽  
◽  
V.K. Shamrey ◽  
E.S. Kurasov ◽  
A.I. Kolchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Retrospective Clinical Study ◽  
The Mean

Study Objective: To study characteristics of the early post-suicidal period after suicide attempts in patients with mental disorders. Study Design: This was a retrospective clinical study. Materials and Methods: The study looked at the characteristics of the early post-suicidal period after suicide attempts in a group of 260 subjects with mental disorders (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, organic, affective, neurotic, addictive, or personality disorders, or intellectual disability). The mean age of patients who attempted suicide was 43.5 ± 17.7 years. The numbers of men and women were almost equal: 134 (51.5%) and 126 (48.5%), respectively (p>0.05). The mean duration of hospitalization was 42.7 ± 43.2 bed-days. The study methods included clinical examinations, psychopathological assessments, psychometrics, and statistical-mathematical methods. Study Results: The authors identified the following main types of early post-suicidal period: the critical type (n = 73, 28.1%) and denial of a suicide attempt (n = 55, 21.2%) were the most common and the analytical type (n = 23, 8.8%) was the least common. The study determined that 77 (29.6%) psychiatric inpatients with a history of attempting suicide made another attempt. The most common methods of attempted suicide in this group of patients included poisoning with medications (n = 41, 53.2%) and self-cutting (n = 26, 33.8%), and 40.3% were under the influence of alcohol at the time of the repeat suicide attempt. Among the patients who made a repeat suicide attempt, manipulative and suicide-fixated types of post-suicidal period were observed significantly more often. Patients with mental disorders who made repeat suicide attempts showed poor social adjustment in their professional life and overall attitude toward life. Conclusion: The characteristics of the post-suicidal period identified in patients with mental disorders who have made a repeat suicide attempt should be taken into consideration when planning and providing secondary preventive mental healthcare services. Further investigation of these characteristics in various groups of patients, combined with a search for predictive factors for repeat suicide attempts, as well as evaluation of the effectiveness of previously provided preventive mental health care, will make it possible to better tailor these services and reduce the overall risk of suicidal behavior in people with mental disorders. Keywords: suicide, repeat suicide attempt, type of post-suicidal period, mental disorder, social adjustment.

scholarly journals VARTOJANČIŲJŲ PSICHOAKTYVIAS MEDŽIAGAS MĖGINIMŲ NUSIŽUDYTI TIPAI

Psichologija ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Jurgita Rimkevičienė ◽  
Danutė Gailienė
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Substance Users ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Suicidologijoje stokojama duomenų apie psichoaktyvių medžiagų vartojimo vaidmenį savižudybės procese bei impulsyvių ir neimpulsyvių mėginimų nusižudyti skirtumus. Šiame tyrime atlikta 15 vartojančių alkoholį arba narkotikus asmenų, per paskutinius metus mėginusių nusižudyti, kokybinių interviu teminė analizė. Tyrimas leido išskirti ne du, kaip aprašoma literatūroje, o tris mėginimų nusižudyti tipus, būdingus vartojantiems psichoaktyvias medžiagas: planuoti, neplanuoti ir mėginimai nusižudyti „aptemus sąmonei“, ir aprašyti visiems jiems būdingus bruožus. Nepaisant kai kurių ribotumų, šis tyrimas gali pasiūlyti vertingų įžvalgų vertinant vartojančių psichoaktyvias medžiagas asmenų suicidinę riziką.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: mėginimas nusižudyti, savižudybės procesas, psichoaktyvios medžiagos, alkoholis, narkotikai.THE TYPES OF SUICIDE PROCESS AMONG PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USERS Jurgita Rimkevičienė, Danutė Gailienė Summary Research regarding the role of psychoactive substance use in the process of suicide is lacking in current sui­cidology. In addition to this, evidence shows that im­pulsive suicide attempts are common among substance users. However there is no clear understanding of the impulsive suicide process. That makes it difficult to combine results of different studies and create clear guidelines for impulsive suicide risk evaluation. The purpose of this research is to depict the impulsive and non-impulsive process of suicide among psychoactive substance users. The participants of the study were 15 psycho­active substance (10 – alcohol, 5 – drug) users, who had attempted suicide during the last year. 8 of them attempted once, 4 – two or three times, other 3 – more than 5 times. All participants – 4 women and 11 men were patients from Vilnius Centre for Addictive Disorders and Vilnius Mental Health Centre. Quali­tative interviews based on Suicide Intent Scale were conducted about the suicide attempt or attempts. A thematic analysis of the interviews was used to depict the process of suicide. This study led to distinguishing 3 different types of attempted suicide – planned, unplanned and suicide attempts during a “blackout” – which are typical for psychoactive substance users. Both unplanned suicide attempts and suicide attempts during a “blackout” can be called impulsive, though the latter diverged by their hastiness, aggressiveness, inability to control one’s behaviour, intensive feeling of anger, serious danger caused to health and wellbeing, as well as a follo­wing amnesia of a major part of the suicide attempt. Intensive emotions, especially anger and stressors in interpersonal relationships, had a major impact for the respondents in the process of suicide. According to the participants of the survey, substance use had intensified their suicidal crisis having a clear effect on their emotional, relationship and other difficulties. In addition, alcohol and drug use was considered as one of the suicide methods. Despite several restrictions of the research, the study results provide some valuable insight in the suicide risk evaluation among psycho­active substance users. Key words: suicide attempt, suicide process, psychoactive substances, alcohol, drugs.

scholarly journals Masih ada harapan: Eksplorasi pengalaman pemuda yang menangguhkan bunuh diri

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-384
Author(s):  
F A Nurdiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Snowball Sampling

AbstractSuicide is a global crisis that cannot be resolved. Trends show that suicide began mostly by adolescents and more than 51% were committed by age <45 years. Previous research found that individuals who have experienced suicide attempts have a negative and pessimistic view of life. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the meaning of individual experiences in deferring suicide. Five survivors (3 women) participated through snowball sampling. Data collection was done by phenomenological interviews and observations of participants. Data were analyzed using the descriptive phenomenological analysis to bring out the essence of suicidal experiences. This study derives 4 themes that can facilitate reducing suicidal ideation: connectedness, spirituality, hope, and shame. This study implies that suicide prevention can consider this finding as a protective factor for individuals at risk of suicide and build a support network for suicide survivors.Keywords: Suicide attempt; protective factors; phenomenology. AbstrakBunuh diri merupakan krisis global yang belum dapat diselesaikan. Tren menunjukkan bahwa bunuh diri mulai banyak dilakukan oleh remaja dan lebih dari 51% dilakukan oleh kelompok usia kurang dari 45 tahun. Penelitian terdahulu mencatat individu yang memiliki pengalaman percobaan bunuh diri memiliki pandangan yang negatif sekaligus pesimis terhadap kehidupan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menggambarkan makna pengalaman individu dalam menangguhkan bunuh diri. Lima penyintas bunuh diri (3 wanita) berpartisipasi melalui snowball sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara fenomenologi dan observasi terhadap partisipan. Analisis data yang digunakan berupa analisis fenomenologis deskriptif untuk memunculkan esensi pengalaman bunuh diri ke dalam bentuk tema-tema fenomenologis. Studi ini memperoleh 4 tema yang dapat memfasilitasi dalam mengurungkan keinginan bunuh diri: keterhubungan, spiritualitas, harapan, dan malu. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah upaya pencegahan bunuh diri dapat mempertimbangkan temuan ini sebagai faktor protektif bagi individu yang memiliki risiko bunuh diri dan membangun jaringan pendukung bagi penyintas bunuh diri.Kata kunci: bunuh diri; faktor protektif; fenomenologi.

scholarly journals A lived experience co-designed study protocol for a randomised control trial: the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP) or Brief Cognitive Behavioural Therapy as additional interventions after a suicide attempt compared to a standard Suicide Prevention Pathway (SPP)

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg ◽  
Candice Bowman ◽  
Sabine Woerwag-Mehta ◽  
Sarah Walker ◽  
Angela Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Short Intervention

Abstract Background Despite being preventable, suicide is a leading cause of death and a major global public health problem. For every death by suicide, many more suicide attempts are undertaken, and this presents as a critical risk factor for suicide. Currently, there are limited treatment options with limited underpinning research for those who present to emergency departments with suicidal behaviour. The aim of this study is to assess if adding one of two structured suicide-specific psychological interventions (Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program [ASSIP] or Brief Cognitive Behavioural Therapy [CBT] for Suicide Prevention) to a standardised clinical care approach (Suicide Prevention Pathway [SPP]) improves the outcomes for consumers presenting to a Mental Health Service with a suicide attempt. Methods This is a randomised controlled trial with blinding of those assessing the outcomes. People who attempt suicide or experience suicidality after a suicide attempt, present to the Gold Coast Mental Health and Specialist Services, are placed on the Suicide Prevention Pathway (SPP), and meet the eligibility criteria, are offered the opportunity to participate. A total of 411 participants will be recruited for the study, with 137 allocated to each cohort (participants are randomised to SPP, ASSIP + SPP, or CBT + SPP). The primary outcomes of this study are re-presentation to hospitals with suicide attempts. Presentations with suicidal ideation will also be examined (in a descriptive analysis) to ascertain whether a rise in suicidal ideation is commensurate with a fall in suicide attempts (which might indicate an increase in help-seeking behaviours). Death by suicide rates will also be examined to ensure that representations with a suicide attempt are not due to participants dying, but due to a potential improvement in mental health. For participants without a subsequent suicide attempt, the total number of days from enrolment to the last assessment (24 months) will be calculated. Self-reported levels of suicidality, depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, problem-solving skills, and self- and therapist-reported level of therapeutic engagement are also being examined. Psychometric data are collected at baseline, end of interventions, and 6,12, and 24 months. Discussion This project will move both ASSIP and Brief CBT from efficacy to effectiveness research, with clear aims of assessing the addition of two structured psychological interventions to treatment as usual, providing a cost-benefit analysis of the interventions, thus delivering outcomes providing a clear pathway for rapid translation of successful interventions. Trials registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04072666. Registered on 28 August 2019

Attempted suicide attention at an emergency room: A hospital-based descriptive approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S603-S603
Author(s):  
D. Torres ◽  
G. Martinez-Ales ◽  
M. Quintana ◽  
V. Pastor ◽  
M.F. Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Medium Cost ◽  
Rule Out

IntroductionSuicide causes 1.4% of deaths worldwide. Twenty times more frequent, suicide attempts entail an important source of disability and of psychosocial and medical resources use.ObjectiveTo describe main socio-demographical and psychiatric risk factors of suicide attempters treated in a general hospital's emergency room basis.AimsTo identify individual features potentially useful to improve both emergency treatments and resource investment.MethodsA descriptive study including data from 2894 patients treated in a general hospital's emergency room after a suicidal attempt between years 2006 and 2014.ResultsSixty-nine percent of the population treated after an attempted suicide were women. Mean age was 38 years old. Sixty-six percent had familiar support; 48.5% had previously attempted a suicide (13% did not answer this point); 72.6% showed a personal history of psychiatric illness. Drug use was present in 38.3% of the patients (20.3% did not answer this question); 23.5% were admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit. Medium cost of a psychiatric hospitalization was found to be 4900 euros.ConclusionThis study results agree with previously reported data. Further observational studies are needed in order to bear out these findings, rule out potential confounders and thus infer and quantify causality related to each risk factor.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Risk of suicide after attempted suicide in the population of Slovenia from 1970 to 1996

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavko Ziherl ◽  
Bojan Zalar
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Frequency Table ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Commit Suicide

AbstractObjective:All suicide attempts cannot predict suicide, therefore we examined those characteristics of suicide attempt which could most accurately predict completed suicide.Subject and methods:Subjects were all individuals registered as committed suicides (N = 16,522) or attempted suicides (N = 15,057) in the register of suicides of the Republic of Slovenia between 1970 and 1996. Log linear analysis of a frequency table was used to uncover relationship between categorical variables.Results:The model we found fit between variables: mode, number of repetitions and type, then between number of repetitions, type and gender, and between mode, type and gender.Discussion:The risk of suicide in those who previously attempted suicide is approximately 773 times higher than the risk of suicide without a previous suicide attempt. Those who attempt suicide by hanging (hanging being in Slovenia the most frequent mode of completed suicide) are at even greater risk to commit suicide.Conclusion:Our data suggests that clinicians should heighten their awareness that any suicide attempt can in some 20% predict suicide. Someone who has attempted suicide by hanging is at the highest risk of suicide.

Suicide attempts preceding completed suicide

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki T. Isometsä ◽  
Jouko K. Lönnqvist
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
History Of

BackgroundThis study investigated three questions with major implications for suicide prevention: the sensitivity of the history of previous suicide attempt(s) as an indicator of suicide risk, the time interval from a preceding suicide attempt to the fatal one, and switching of suicide methods by those eventually completing suicide.MethodThe lifetime history of suicide attempts and the methods the victims (n=1397) used were examined in a nationwide psychological autopsy study comprising all suicides in Finland within a 12-month research period in 1987–1988.ResultsOverall, 56% of suicide victims were found to have died at their first suicide attempt, more males (62%) than females (38%). In 19% of males and 39% of females the victim had made a non-fatal attempt during the final year. Of the victims with previous attempts, 82% had used at least two different methods in their suicide attempts (the fatal included).ConclusionsMost male and a substantial proportion of female suicides die in their first suicide attempt, a fact that necessitates early recognition of suicide risk, particularly among males. Recognition of periods of high suicide risk on the grounds of recent non-fatal suicide attempts is likely to be important for suicide prevention among females. Subjects completing suicide commonly switch from one suicide method to another, a finding that weakens but does not negate the credibility of restrictions on the availability of lethal methods as a preventive measure.

scholarly journals 109 Near-fatal suicide attempts among Canadian Youth: A CPSP Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e45-e45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mitchell ◽  
Cornelius Ani ◽  
James Irvine ◽  
Claude Cyr ◽  
Ari Joffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Background Suicide is the second leading cause of death among Canadian adolescents. Youth who make near fatal suicide attempts, such as those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) level care, are the closest proxy to those that die by suicide; however, there is limited data on this group. Objectives To evaluate the minimum incidence rate and patterns of presentation of youth (under 18 years of age) admitted to the ICU for medically serious self-inflicted injury. Design/Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, over 2,700 paediatricians/subspecialist members of the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program were electronically surveyed on a monthly basis regarding cases of medically serious self-harm. Participants completed a detailed questionnaire about the reported case and descriptive statistics were used for analyses. Results Ninety-four cases (71 female; mean age 15.2 years) of confirmed (n=87) and suspected/probable (n=7) medically serious self-harm were reported. The majority (87%) of cases were reported from 4 out of 13 provinces and territories in Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec). There were 11 deaths by suicide (M&gt;F; p&lt;.05). Medication ingestion was the most common method of self-harm among females (76% F vs. 52% M; p=.03) compared with hanging among males (14% F vs. 39% M; p=.009). More females than males had a prior suicide attempt (62% F vs. 32% M; p=.07) and a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) (65% F vs. 14% M; p&lt;.05), although only history of NSSI reached significance. More females than males had a past psychiatric diagnosis (77% F vs. 55% M; p=.05), and past use of mental health services (69% F vs. 30% M; p&lt;.001), although only service use reached significance. Half of the youth left evidence of intent (54%) and 33% of parents of included youth were aware that their child was considering suicide. Family conflict was the most common precipitating factor for suicide attempt in both females and males (46%). Conclusion These Canadian findings are consistent with international epidemiologic data that observe a gender paradox of higher rates of suicide attempts in females and greater mental health care engagement but increased suicide mortality in males with decreased involvement with mental health care. This study suggests that family conflict is a potential target for suicide prevention interventions among youth. Future research focusing on gender-specificity in risk factor identification and effectiveness of primary prevention interventions among youth is warranted.

Jurors’ Evaluations of a High School Bullying Case in which the Victim Attempted Suicide

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel H. Gentry ◽  
Kerri L. Pickel
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Criminal Trial ◽  
Academic Problems ◽  
Criminal Trials ◽  
The Future

Given the large number of criminal trials that occur annually, it is important to understand jurors’ verdict choices and punishment preferences. Recently, legislators have begun moving to criminalize school bullying, and therefore more such cases will likely be tried in courtrooms in the future. In the current study, undergraduates (N = 170; 75% female) evaluated a criminal trial involving bullying. We manipulated the victim’s age (14 or 18 years old) and the harm level (emotional distress that led to academic problems or a suicide attempt). We hypothesized that greater harm would produce more pro-victim judgments for the younger but not the older victim, and that this effect would be mediated by jurors’ inferences about each individual’s degree of responsibility. As predicted, when the victim was younger, a higher versus lower level of harm led to a greater proportion of guilty verdicts, higher probability of guilt estimates, and harsher sentence recommendations. In contrast, when the victim was older, an increase in harm significantly decreased probability of guilt estimates and did not affect verdicts or sentences. Jurors seem to interpret harm in a complex way, taking into account the victim’s apparent capacity to deal with his or her mistreatment.

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