Empirical Support for Resilience as More than the Counterpart and Absence of Vulnerability and Symptoms of Mental Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oddgeir Friborg ◽  
Odin Hjemdal ◽  
Monica Martinussen ◽  
Jan H. Rosenvinge
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

The construct of resilience has been viewed as the direct counterpart of factors jeopardizing mental health, i.e., vulnerability and psychopathology. Any operationalization of resilience, thus, risks lying on the same latent continuum as indicators of mental illness, although indicating their absence. A factor analysis combining items from these measurement domains, followed by analyses of second-order factor scores was performed to test this assumption. A random selection of 1,724 participants (34% response rate) from the general population of Norway responded. All items were discriminated well by their primary factors. A second-order factor analysis extracted two components, which was confirmed on a hold-out sample by confirmatory factor methods. The Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), which measures protective factors, correlated with both second-order factors. Thus, the RSA shared common variance with vulnerability and psychopathology, as well as being unique from illness indices. A hierarchical regression analysis that tested interactions between vulnerability and resilience further supported the unique contributions of the RSA. Thus, the notion of resilience-protective indicators as solely counterparts of vulnerability and psychopathology is not empirically supported.

scholarly journals Trust as a factor in determining how to attract, motivate and retain talentT

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Martins ◽  
Hartmut Von der Ohe
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

The aim of this study was to validate a questionnaire that can be used to determine how employees select the best company to work for. The second focus was to determine the role of trust in a relationship where employers must attract, motivate and retain employees. The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in 10 dimensions that supported most of the theoretically constructed dimensions. A second-order factor analysis was done and it became clear that there are two second-order factors underlying factor 1, namely leadership and trust. A strong correlation was found between trust and the dimensions of job satisfaction, relationships and leadership. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om ‘n vraelys te valideer wat gebruik kon word om te bepaal hoe werknemers die beste organisasie om voor te werk kies. Die tweede fokus was om die rol van vertroue te bepaal in ‘n vertrouensverhouding waar werkgewers werknemers moet lok, motiveer en behou. ‘n Bevestigende faktorontleding het tien faktore tot gevolg gehad wat die meeste van die teoreties opgestelde dimensies ondersteun. ‘n Tweede-orde-faktorontleding van faktor een het aangetoon dat die faktor uit twee tweede-orde-faktore, leierskap en vertroue bestaan. ‘n Sterk korrelasie het voorgekom tussen vertroue en die dimensies van postevredenheid, verhoudinge en leierskap.

scholarly journals Itemformaat, differensiële itemskeefheid en die faktorstruktuur van 'n selfvoltooïngsvraelys

1999 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Swart ◽  
G. Roodt ◽  
J. M. Schepers
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Test Construction ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

The purpose of this study was twofold: Firstly an existing Workvalues questionnaire was evaluated against criteria for test construction; and secondly the role of differential item skewness in the grouping of second order factors, within this Workvalues questionnaire, was empirically investigated. The existing data of the Workvalues questionnaire, consisting of 110 items on a random sample of 8000 respondents, within a financial institution, was used for the empirical analysis. A first- and second order factor analysis was done on the items of the 2099 completed quiestionnaires. Three clearly differentiated second order factors with seemingly acceptable internal consistencies were identified. The results indicated that the items of the first second order factor, grouped together on the base of differential skewness. The items of the second and third scale were less skew and could be interpreted. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie was tweeledig: Eerstens is 'n bestaande Werkwaardesvraelys teenoor kriteria vir toetskonstruksie geevalueer; en tweedens is die rol van differensiele itemskeefheid in die groepering van tweedeordefaktore van hierdie Werkwaardesvraelys empiries ondersoek. Die bestaande datastel van die Werkwaardesvraelys se 110 items, op 'n ewekansige steekproef van 8000 respondente in 'n finansiele instelling, is vir die empiriese ontleding gebruik. 'n Eerste- en tweedeordefaktorontleding is ten opsigte van die items van 2099 voltooide vraelyste uitgevoer en drie duidelik gedifferensieerde tweedeordefaktore met öenskynlike, aanneemlike interne konstanthede het na vore gekom. Resultate dui daarop dat items van die eerste tweedeordefaktor gegroepeer het op grond van differensiële skeefheid. Die items van die tweede en derde skaal was minder skeef en kon vertolk word.

ATTITUDINAL AND BEHAVIORAL CORRELATES OF VOLUNTARY SIMPLICITY LIFESTYLES

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Voluntary Simplicity ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

Questionnaires containing 20 statements of voluntary simplicity lifestyles and 23 statements of selected attitudes and behavior related to these lifestyles were administered to 135 undergraduates. The subjects were required to rate the degree of agreement or disagreement with the statement on 5-point scales. Three unrotated factors were obtained by factor analysis. According to second-order factor analysis, voluntary simplicity lifestyles, cautious attitudes in shopping and acceptance of self-sufficiency had significant loadings on the first factor. Significant correlations between these dimensions and the selected attitudes and behavior substantially supported the validity of the scale of voluntary simplicity lifestyles.

A second-order factor analysis of reasoning abilities

Psychometrika ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Matin ◽  
Dorothy C. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Reasoning Abilities ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

scholarly journals The determinants of gastronomic tourists' satisfaction: a second-order factor analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antónia Correia ◽  
Miguel Moital ◽  
Carlos Ferreira Da Costa ◽  
Rita Peres
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

A Cross-Cultural Test of the Two-Part Typology of Humor

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1275-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette S. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
American University ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Part Structure ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis

Ten humorous television advertisements were shown to 44 Finnish and 68 American university students to investigate whether Freud's two-part humor typology (tendencious/nontendencious) adequately represented the perceptions of both nationalities. Confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the two-type structure for either nationality, and subsequent exploratory factor analysis indicated different humor perceptions for Finns and Americans Second-order factor analysis yielded an aggressive and a nonsense factor, which suggests that the more reductive two-part structure may exist across cultures.

scholarly journals Using Second-Order Factor Analysis in Examining Multiple Problems of Clients

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy King Pike ◽  
Walter W. Hudson ◽  
Douglas L. Murphy ◽  
Eloise Rathbone McCuan
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Second Order Factor Analysis
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