Dissociating Pathological Buying From Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Using Delay Discounting

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nicolai ◽  
Morten Moshagen
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Personality Inventories ◽  
Trait Impulsivity ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Symptom Measures

Abstract. Pathological buying (PB) has been associated with elevated impulsivity in personality inventories, yet limited research has considered components of behavioral impulsivity. This study examined the relationship between discounting of delayed rewards, symptoms of PB, comorbid disorders (including obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD), and trait impulsivity. One hundred three participants completed two delay discounting tasks (DDT). In addition to the traditional DDT, a loan variant assessing the preference to receive a certain amount of money immediately when a fixed amount has to be returned after a certain delay was included in this study. Regression analysis revealed that PB symptoms predicted steeper discounting functions in both variants of the DDT over and above the remaining symptom measures and trait impulsivity. In contrast, symptoms of OCD were associated with less delay discounting. With regard to delay discounting, PB seems to be more similar to behavioral addictions than to OCD.

Disentangling Doubt and Checking Behaviors and Examining Their Association With Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262199386
Author(s):  
Asher Y. Strauss ◽  
Isaac Fradkin ◽  
Jonathan D. Huppert
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Tracking ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Null Results ◽  
Unobtrusive Measure ◽  
Compulsive Checking ◽  
Tone Discrimination ◽  
Neutral Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Experiencing doubt in an uncertain situation has been theorized to be an antecedent of compulsive checking. However, whether and when obsessive compulsive (OC) symptoms are associated with experiencing doubt and increased checking is unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between OC symptoms, the experience of doubt, and checking in a tone-discrimination task. Doubt was measured using mouse tracking, an indirect, unobtrusive measure. The results of two studies ( N = 119) showed that OC symptoms were associated with elevated experiences of doubt when uncertainty was low. However, OC symptoms were not associated with increased checking, but doubt was. Results highlight the utility of mouse-tracking measures to capture the tendency of individuals with OC symptoms to experience doubt even under neutral conditions. The unexpected null results concerning checking suggest some specific directions for research to determine the conditions under which doubt evolves into checking in obsessive compulsive disorder.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Affective and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Internet Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Moretta ◽  
Giulia Buodo
Keyword(s):  
Internet Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the relationships and diagnostic power of symptoms associated with affective disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and drug addictions on Internet use disorder. Moreover, we tested whether Internet use disorder is characterized by a specific network of symptoms. One-hundred-and-four young adults (78 women) were assessed in laboratory using self-report measures of Internet addiction, alcohol use disorder, cannabis abuse, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, impulsiveness, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Only hoarding, obsessing, and depression symptoms were positively linked to Internet use disorder severity, with hoarding having greater power and accuracy than other obsessive-compulsive and affective symptoms. Only individuals with mild-moderate Internet use disorder were characterized by a network of strong and positive associations of affective and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. These findings may encourage future longitudinal studies aimed at identifying potential clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Internet use disorder and treatment targets.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Obsessive-compulsive Characteristics and Symptoms of Eating Disorders in a Nonclinical Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
John Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
College Sample ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has documented similarities between symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Anorexia Nervosa, and Bulimia Nervosa and elevated comorbidity between these conditions in clinical samples, with the relationship between OCD and Anorexia being stronger than between OCD and Bulimia. Researchers adopting a continuum view of psychopathology have also found that individuals with sub-clinical expressions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms resemble their clinical counterparts in several ways. The goal of the current study was to explore whether or not the observed relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and eating disorder symptoms observed in clinical populations would also be observed in a nonclinical population. 264 participants from a college sample completed self-report measures of these symptoms. A positive correlation was found between scores on obsessive-compulsive, anorexia and bulimia instruments, and reflective of their clinical counterparts the relationship between obsessive-compulsive and anorexia symptoms was more significant than the one between obsessive compulsive symptoms and bulimia symptoms. Implications and limitations for research and clinical practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Nosographic considerations on obsessive-compulsive disorder occurring exclusively during the menstrual phase

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham Laaraj ◽  
◽  
Mina Ouhamou ◽  
Omar El Omari ◽  
Jalal Doufik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the menstrual cycle and mood disturbances has been described in the literature and is linked to changes in the secretion of sex hormones. Rare studies have reported the exacerbation of obsessions during menstruation, while no case reports the onset of premenstrual Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Nosographically, obsessive symptoms are not part of premenstrual syndrome, and no specification of the menstrual cycle for obsessive disorders was mentioned in DSM 5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). We report a 39-year-old patient followed for panic disorder since adolescence, and who currently presents for obsessive symptoms that meet the diagnostic criteria for an obsessive-compulsive disorder, and which have the particularity of occurring exclusively during menstruation. Our case emphasizes the importance of establishing a new nosographic framework that takes into account the development of obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to the menstrual cycle. Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder; menstruation cycle; nosography.

scholarly journals Mediating Role of Rumination and Negative Affect in the Effect of Mind-Wandering on Symptoms in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengchong Wang ◽  
Wenwen Cao ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Response Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

To explore the relationship between negative affect, mind-wandering, rumination and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, 100 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 100 healthy controls were assessed using the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Mind Wandering Scale and the Ruminative Response Scale. The results show that (i) patients diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder displayed higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms, negative affect, mind-wandering and rumination compared with healthy controls; (ii) negative affect, mind-wandering and rumination were positively correlated with the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms; (iii) mind-wandering predicted the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (both directly and indirectly); (iv) rumination and negative affect mediated the relationship between mind-wandering and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The results preliminarily reveal the relationship between mind-wandering and psychopathological obsessive-compulsive symptoms, providing a reference for exploring novel psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

scholarly journals Thought-action fusion and inflated responsibility in psychopathology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kirsty Jane Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Inflated Responsibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thought Action Fusion

<p>The aim of the current research was to investigate the presence and roles of inflated responsibility and thought-action fusion in psychopathology. The three underlying research themes were to examine the relationship between thought-action fusion and inflated responsibility, the roles that they play in psychopathology, and the possible etiology of these types of beliefs. It is proposed that these responsibility beliefs are not specific to obsessive compulsive disorder, as commonly assumed, and that they play important roles in the maintenance of a range of psychological symptoms. This thesis presents the results of four studies. The first study was designed to investigate the presence of Thought-Action Fusion (TAF) and Inflated Responsibility (IR) alongside symptoms of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, with thought suppression playing an intermediary role. Study 2 examined the interaction between responsibility beliefs and locus of control on obsessive-compulsive symptoms with non-clinical and clinical participants. The third study focussed on the etiology of responsibility beliefs, taking Salkovskis, Shafran, Rachman, and Freeston’s (1999) theory of Pathways to Inflated Responsibility and empirically testing this with both clinical and non-clinical samples. Study 4 focussed on the relationship between responsibility beliefs and religiosity, using participants of Protestant Christian beliefs and Atheists. These studies collectively show that Thought-Action Fusion and Inflated Responsibility are both important and contributing factors in psychopathology, especially playing a part in the maintenance of symptoms and feelings of distress. Results indicated that while TAF tends to be specific to obsessive compulsive symptoms, IR is more of a general cognitive bias. Results also indicate that critical experiences in one’s life can lead to biases in responsibility beliefs. Additionally, results show that these biases are not always indicative of psychopathology when they are acceptable within a particular set of morals, for example religion. These findings are of both theoretical and clinical significance because they add to the growing understanding of TAF and IR in psychopathology. The current research was conducted with observational, self-report measures; further research using longitudinal studies is needed for more clarity on causality.</p>

scholarly journals Thought-action fusion and inflated responsibility in psychopathology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kirsty Jane Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Inflated Responsibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thought Action Fusion

<p>The aim of the current research was to investigate the presence and roles of inflated responsibility and thought-action fusion in psychopathology. The three underlying research themes were to examine the relationship between thought-action fusion and inflated responsibility, the roles that they play in psychopathology, and the possible etiology of these types of beliefs. It is proposed that these responsibility beliefs are not specific to obsessive compulsive disorder, as commonly assumed, and that they play important roles in the maintenance of a range of psychological symptoms. This thesis presents the results of four studies. The first study was designed to investigate the presence of Thought-Action Fusion (TAF) and Inflated Responsibility (IR) alongside symptoms of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, with thought suppression playing an intermediary role. Study 2 examined the interaction between responsibility beliefs and locus of control on obsessive-compulsive symptoms with non-clinical and clinical participants. The third study focussed on the etiology of responsibility beliefs, taking Salkovskis, Shafran, Rachman, and Freeston’s (1999) theory of Pathways to Inflated Responsibility and empirically testing this with both clinical and non-clinical samples. Study 4 focussed on the relationship between responsibility beliefs and religiosity, using participants of Protestant Christian beliefs and Atheists. These studies collectively show that Thought-Action Fusion and Inflated Responsibility are both important and contributing factors in psychopathology, especially playing a part in the maintenance of symptoms and feelings of distress. Results indicated that while TAF tends to be specific to obsessive compulsive symptoms, IR is more of a general cognitive bias. Results also indicate that critical experiences in one’s life can lead to biases in responsibility beliefs. Additionally, results show that these biases are not always indicative of psychopathology when they are acceptable within a particular set of morals, for example religion. These findings are of both theoretical and clinical significance because they add to the growing understanding of TAF and IR in psychopathology. The current research was conducted with observational, self-report measures; further research using longitudinal studies is needed for more clarity on causality.</p>

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Internal Encoding Style and Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms in a Subclinical Sample

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaâ Belayachi ◽  
Martial Van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Mode ◽  
Dysfunctional Beliefs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study examined the relationships between obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCs) and encoding style in a subclinical sample, by using a questionnaire that evaluates the extent to which preexisting schemata (versus cues from the outside world) affect encoding processes (Lewicki, 2005). Research on encoding style has revealed on one hand the existence of individual differences in the tendency to impose interpretive schemata in the process of encoding, and on the other hand the fact that an extremely internal mode of encoding has been found to be related to an increased propensity to self-perpetuate preexisting schemata. Furthermore, internal encoding may contribute to the development of psychopathological symptoms, through the self-perpetuation of dysfunctional schemata. The results confirmed that OCs are connected with an internal encoding style; specific relationships between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) dimensions and internal encoding style were also found. These results are discussed in terms of the role of encoding style in the perpetuation of OCs, and its relationship to the dysfunctional beliefs characterising OCD.

The Price of Love: An Investigation into the Relationship between Romantic Love and the Expression of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
James McLauchlan ◽  
Emma M. Thompson ◽  
Ygor A. Ferrão ◽  
Euripedes C. Miguel ◽  
Lucy Albertella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Romantic Love ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Relationship
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document