Tracing the Impact of Coastal Water Geochemistry on the Re-Os Systematics of Macroalgae: Insights From the Basaltic Terrain of Iceland

Under the terms of the 1976 Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against pollution, and the 1980 Protocol for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against pollution from land-based sources, the coastal states of the region have to develop criteria and standards for various aspects of coastal water quality. These are being progressively developed within the framework of the Mediterranean Action Plan, specifically within the Long-term Programme of Pollution Monitoring and Research in the Mediterranean Sea (MED POL Phase II). The impact of specific Mediterranean ecological conditions on health and related risks arising from specific uses of the sea, in relation to those risks arising from the same types of water use in regions with different conditions, and the effects of such differences on quality requirements, are discussed. The current situation in the Mediterranean region regarding national and international legislation for ensuring coastal water quality is described, together with the normal procedures for regional assessments of the situation with regard to specific pollutants and the formulation of proposed measures. The legal and technical problems involved in (a) the actual preparation of criteria and standards combining ecological and health requirements with political acceptability and (b) their adoption by Mediterranean states are described. These problems essentially arise out of the heterogeneous character of the states bordering the Mediterranean Sea, especially regarding the state of existing infrastructures for pollution prevention and control, including the availability of trained manpower and technical facilities, the degreee of priority accorded to marine pollution within the overall framework of national requirements, the type of legal and administrative machinery for the enactment and enforcement of statutory provisions, and the implications of new or amended legislation vis-a-vis already-existing international obligations.

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Does Coastal Local Government Competition Increase Coastal Water Pollution? Evidence from China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186862 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6862

Author(s):

Weiteng Shen ◽

Qiuguang Hu ◽

Xuan Yu ◽

Bernadette Tadala Imwa

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Local Government ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Water Environment ◽

Significance Test ◽

Pressure Group ◽

Fiscal Pressure ◽

The Impact

China has formulated many policies and regulations for the management of the coastal water environment. However, the coastal water environment has not been significantly improved. The perspective of local government competition can provide an explanation for this phenomenon. This study uses panel data comprising 48 coastal cities in China from 2004 to 2017 as bases explore the impact of coastal local government competition on coastal water pollution by using a two-way fixed-effects panel regression model. Results show that coastal local government competition increased coastal water pollution. However, a sub-sample estimation based on fiscal pressure shows that coastal local government competition only increased the coastal water pollution of the high fiscal pressure group, and its impact on the coastal water pollution in the low financial pressure group failed to pass the significance test. In addition, sub-sample estimation based on different periods shows that the impact of coastal local government competition on coastal water pollution was not significant before 2008, but showed a significant positive impact after 2008.

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Application of factor analysis in identification of dominant hydrogeochemical processes of some nitrogenous groundwater of Serbia

Geoloski anali Balkanskog poluostrva ◽

10.2298/gabp1374057s ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

Jana Stojkovic ◽

Petar Papic ◽

Marina Cuk ◽

Maja Todorovic

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Sea Water ◽

Hydrogeochemical Processes ◽

Data Matrix ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Water Geochemistry ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

New Variables ◽

The Impact

Multivariate statistical analyses are used for reducing large datasets to a smaller number of variables, which explain main hydrogeochemical processes that control water geochemistry. Factor analysis (FA) allows discovering intercorrelations inside the data matrix and grouping of similar variables, i.e. chemical parameters. In this way new variables are extracted, which are called factors, and each factor is explained by some hydrogeochemical process. Applying FA to a dataset that consists of 15 chemical parameters measured on 40 groundwater samples from Serbia, four factors were extracted, which explain 73.9% of total variance in the analyzed dataset. Interpretation of obtained factors indicated several hydrogeochemical processes: the impact of sea water intrusions and volatiles in previous geological periods, solutes diffusion from the marine clay, cation exchange and dissolution of carbonate and silicate minerals.

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Role of organic components in regulating denitrification in the coastal water of Daya Bay, southern China

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts ◽

10.1039/c8em00558c ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 831-844 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jian Zeng ◽

Min Chen ◽

Laodong Guo ◽

Hui Lin ◽

Xinyue Mu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Particulate Organic Matter ◽

Southern China ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Daya Bay ◽

Organic Components ◽

The Impact

The impact of dissolved and particulate organic mater on coastal water denitrification is evaluated. Particulate organic matter and its composition play a dominant role in regulating denitrifying activity.

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Absorption properties of high-latitude Norwegian coastal water: The impact of CDOM and particulate matter

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science ◽

10.1016/j.ecss.2016.05.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 178 ◽

pp. 158-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ciren Nima ◽

Øyvind Frette ◽

Børge Hamre ◽

Svein Rune Erga ◽

Yi-Chun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Coastal Water ◽

High Latitude ◽

Absorption Properties ◽

The Impact

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Airborne transmission pathway for coastal water pollution

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11358

Author(s):

Matthew A. Pendergraft ◽

Derek J. Grimes ◽

Sarah N. Giddings ◽

Falk Feddersen ◽

Charlotte M. Beall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Water Pollution ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Large Scale ◽

Coastal Pollution ◽

Airborne Transmission ◽

Transport Pathways ◽

Airborne Exposure ◽

Scale Experiment ◽

The Impact

Each year, over one hundred million people become ill and tens of thousands die from exposure to viruses and bacteria from sewage transported to the ocean by rivers, estuaries, stormwater, and other coastal discharges. Water activities and seafood consumption have been emphasized as the major exposure pathways to coastal water pollution. In contrast, relatively little is known about the potential for airborne exposure to pollutants and pathogens from contaminated seawater. The Cross Surfzone/Inner-shelf Dye Exchange (CSIDE) study was a large-scale experiment designed to investigate the transport pathways of water pollution along the coast by releasing dye into the surfzone in Imperial Beach, CA. Additionally, we leveraged this ocean-focused study to investigate potential airborne transmission of coastal water pollution by collecting complementary air samples along the coast and inland. Aerial measurements tracked sea surface dye concentrations along 5+ km of coast at 2 m × 2 m resolution. Dye was detected in the air over land for the first 2 days during two of the three dye releases, as far as 668 m inland and 720 m downwind of the ocean. These coordinated water/air measurements, comparing dye concentrations in the air and upwind source waters, provide insights into the factors that lead to the water-to-air transfer of pollutants. These findings show that coastal water pollution can reach people through an airborne pathway and this needs to be taken into account when assessing the full impact of coastal ocean pollution on public health. This study sets the stage for further studies to determine the details and importance of airborne exposure to sewage-based pathogens and toxins in order to fully assess the impact of coastal pollution on public health.

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A septic waste index model to measure the impact of septic tanks on coastal water quality and coral reef communities in Rincon, Puerto Rico

Ocean & Coastal Management ◽

10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.12.016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 169 ◽

pp. 201-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Norat-Ramírez ◽

P. Méndez-Lázaro ◽

E.A. Hernández-Delgado ◽

H. Mattei-Torres ◽

L. Cordero-Rivera

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Puerto Rico ◽

Coral Reef ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Coastal Water Quality ◽

Septic Tanks ◽

Index Model ◽

Reef Communities ◽

Waste Index ◽

The Impact

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Public acceptance of coastal zone management efforts: The role of citizen preferences in the allocation of funds

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review ◽

10.1017/age.2017.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 268-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Keith S. Evans ◽

Caroline L. Noblet ◽

Emma Fox ◽

Kathleen P. Bell ◽

Abigail Kaminski

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Coastal Zone Management ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Management Options ◽

Coastal Water Quality ◽

Zone Management ◽

Key Policy ◽

The Impact

We investigate allocation of funds by citizens across management options addressing impairments to coastal water quality. We study systematic variation in citizen allocation of funds to adaptive versus preventative strategies including the impact of referundum choices and test whether allocations will be impacted by cuing in the design of the referendum. Two key policy insights from our results: citizens who votenoon a water quality referendum have different preferences over allocating funds and providing cues to voters influenced allocation behavior. These results can assist decision makers in thinking about language used to communicate coastal water quality issues, particularly budget referenda.

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Assessment of Water Quality Along the Southeast Coast of India During COVID-19 Lockdown

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.659686 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

K. Vijay Prakash ◽

Ch. S. Geetha Vimala ◽

T. Preethi Latha ◽

Chiranjivi Jayaram ◽

P. V. Nagamani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Marine Pollution ◽

Human Interaction ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Coastal Water Quality ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽

The Impact ◽

Matter Concentration

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world and has had a devastating impact on both lives and livelihoods in India. The only way to defeat the rapid spread of COVID-19, is to shut down socio-economic activities and to maintain minimal human interaction with the implementation of a lockdown. Such lockdowns have manifested in a pollution curtailment in almost all spheres of the planet, including in marine pollution. Quantifying this decrease in pollution levels enables the scientific community to assess the contribution of anthropogenic (especially non-essential) activities to global/regional pollution levels. This paper aims to study the impact of the stringent lockdown period (phase 1 and 2) on coastal water quality along the Chennai coast of India, by analyzing suspended matter concentration (SPM), a key element of water quality and diffuse attenuation coefficient, Kd(490), using LANDSAT-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data. LANDSAT-8/OLI, L1TP scenes were subjected to radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction to derive surface reflectance values from raw digital numbers using ACOLITE software and a brief insight has been given for the Dark Spectrum Fitting algorithm used in ACOLITE. SPM concentration decreased by 15.48 and 37.50% in the Chennai and Ennore ports, respectively, due to minimal vessel movement and cargo handling. The stringent lockdown led to the operation of fewer thermal plant units, thus less fly ash was emanated, resulting in a 28.05% reduction in SPM levels over Ennore creek. As industrial and commercial activities subsided, the city’s water bodies became clearer than they were just a fortnight prior to the lockdown, with a reduction of 22.26% of SPM in Adyar and 33.97% in Cooum riverine estuaries. Decrease in Kd(490) showed a positive relationship with SPM and thus improved coastal water quality because of the reduction of SPM during this period. The variations in PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were studied using National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) data and reduced levels in particulate matter concentration (PM2.5 and PM10) for the Adyar residential area (24.38 and 28.43%) and for the Nungampakkam commercial area (36.09 and 67.18%) were observed. A significant reduction in PM2.5 concentration (45.63%) was observed in the Ennore-Manali Industrial region.

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