Brooding rumination and heart rate variability in women at high and low risk for depression: Group differences and moderation by COMT genotype.

Non-invasive measures are preferred when assessing animal welfare. Differences in behavioral and physiological responses toward a stressor could be the result of the selection of horses for specific uses. Behavioral and physiological responses of working and Chilean rodeo horses subjected to a handling test were assessed. Five behaviors, number of attempts, and the time to cross a bridge were video recorded and analyzed with the Observer XT software. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), to assess the physiological response to the novel stimulus, were registered with a Polar Equine V800 heart rate monitor system during rest and the bridge test. Heart rate variability data were obtained with the Kubios software. Differences between working and Chilean rodeo horses were assessed, and within-group differences between rest and the test were also analyzed. Chilean rodeo horses presented more proactive behaviors and required significantly more attempts to cross the bridge than working horses. Physiologically, Chilean rodeo horses presented lower variability of the heart rate than working horses.

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Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Parents at Risk for Child Physical Abuse

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260515619169 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (10) ◽

pp. 1629-1652 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Julie L. Crouch ◽

Regina Hiraoka ◽

Thomas R. McCanne ◽

Gim Reo ◽

Michael F. Wagner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Risk ◽

Physical Abuse ◽

Task Difficulty ◽

Physiological Arousal ◽

Child Physical Abuse ◽

Low Risk ◽

Sinus Arrhythmia ◽

Anagram Task

The present study examined heart rate and heart rate variability (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) in a sample of 48 general population parents (41.7% fathers), who were either at high risk ( n = 24) or low risk ( n = 24) for child physical abuse. During baseline assessments of heart rate and RSA, parents sat quietly for 3 min. Afterward, parents were presented with a series of anagrams (either easy or difficult) and were instructed to solve as many anagrams as possible in 3 min. As expected, high-risk (compared with low-risk) parents evinced significantly higher resting heart rate and significantly lower resting RSA. During the anagram task, high-risk parents did not evince significant changes in heart rate or RSA relative to baseline levels. In contrast, low-risk parents evinced significant increases in heart rate and significant decreases in RSA during the anagram task. Contrary to expectations, the anagram task difficulty did not moderate the study findings. Collectively, this pattern of results is consistent with the notion that high-risk parents have chronically higher levels of physiological arousal relative to low-risk parents and exhibit less physiological flexibility in response to environmental demands. High-risk parents may benefit from interventions that include components that reduce physiological arousal and increase the capacity to regulate arousal effectively.

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Heart-rate variability in low-risk prematurely born infants reaching normal term: A comparison with full-term newborns

Early Human Development ◽

10.1016/0378-3782(93)90011-i ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 32 (2-3) ◽

pp. 183-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

M. Eiselt ◽

L. Curzi-Dascalova ◽

J. Clairambault ◽

F. Kauffmann ◽

C. Médigue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Full Term ◽

Low Risk ◽

Normal Term ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Prematurely Born Infants

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Preserved heart rate variability identifies low risk nonischemic cardiomyopathy patients: Results from the definite trial

Heart Rhythm ◽

10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.02.174 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. S54-S55

Author(s):

Eric Rashba ◽

N.A. Mark Estes ◽

Paul Wang ◽

Andi Schaechter ◽

Adam Howard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Low Risk ◽

Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy

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Unexpected interaction between beta-adrenergic blockade and heart rate variability before and after myocardial infarction. A longitudinal study in dogs at high and low risk for sudden death.

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.90.2.976 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 976-982 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

P B Adamson ◽

M H Huang ◽

E Vanoli ◽

R D Foreman ◽

P J Schwartz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Sudden Death ◽

Low Risk ◽

Adrenergic Blockade ◽

Beta Adrenergic ◽

Before And After

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Heart rate variability before and after myocardial infarction in conscious dogs at high and low risk of sudden death

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(10)80351-1 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 978-985 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Stephen S. Hull ◽

Angela R. Evans ◽

Emilio Vanoli ◽

Philip B. Adamson ◽

Marco Stramba-Badiale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Sudden Death ◽

Low Risk ◽

Conscious Dogs ◽

Before And After

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Maternal Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants Have Acute Effects on Fetal Heart Rate Variability in Late Gestation

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.680177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Kayleigh S. J. Campbell ◽

Abby C. Collier ◽

Michael A. Irvine ◽

Ursula Brain ◽

Dan W. Rurak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Fetal Heart Rate ◽

Fetal Heart ◽

Late Gestation ◽

Group Differences ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Post Dose ◽

Depressed Group ◽

Fetal Heart Rate Variability

Background: Prenatal exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressants increases risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, yet little is known about whether effects are present before birth. In relation to maternal SRI pharmacokinetics, this study investigated chronic and acute effects of prenatal SRI exposure on third-trimester fetal heart rate variability (HRV), while evaluating confounding effects of maternal depressed mood.Methods: At 36-weeks' gestation, cardiotocograph measures of fetal HR and HRV were obtained from 148 pregnant women [four groups: SRI-Depressed (n = 31), SRI-Non-Depressed (n = 18), Depressed (unmedicated; n = 42), and Control (n = 57)] before, and ~5-h after, typical SRI dose. Maternal plasma drug concentrations were quantified at baseline (pre-dose) and four time-points post-dose. Mixed effects modeling investigated group differences between baseline/pre-dose and post-dose fetal HR outcomes. Post hoc analyses investigated sex differences and dose-dependent SRI effects.Results: Maternal SRI plasma concentrations were lowest during the baseline/pre-dose fetal assessment (trough) and increased to a peak at the post-dose assessment; concentration-time curves varied widely between individuals. No group differences in fetal HR or HRV were observed at baseline/pre-dose; however, following maternal SRI dose, short-term HRV decreased in both SRI-exposed fetal groups. In the SRI-Depressed group, these post-dose decreases were displayed by male fetuses, but not females. Further, episodes of high HRV decreased post-dose relative to baseline, but only among SRI-Non-Depressed group fetuses. Higher maternal SRI doses also predicted a greater number of fetal HR decelerations. Fetuses exposed to unmedicated maternal depressed mood did not differ from Controls.Conclusions: Prenatal SRI exposure had acute post-dose effects on fetal HRV in late gestation, which differed depending on maternal mood response to SRI pharmacotherapy. Importantly, fetal SRI effects were sex-specific among mothers with persistent depressive symptoms, as only male fetuses displayed acute HRV decreases. At trough (pre-dose), chronic fetal SRI effects were not identified; however, concurrent changes in maternal SRI plasma levels suggest that fetal drug exposure is inconsistent. Acute SRI-related changes in fetal HRV may reflect a pharmacologic mechanism, a transient impairment in autonomic functioning, or an early adaption to altered serotonergic signaling, which may differ between males and females. Replication is needed to determine significance with postnatal development.

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An effect size distribution analysis of heart rate variability studies: Recommendations for reporting the magnitude of group differences

10.1101/072660 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel S. Quintana

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Effect Size ◽

Case Control ◽

The Body ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Group Differences ◽

Distribution Analysis ◽

Effect Size Distribution

AbstractThe calculation of heart rate variability (HRV) is a popular tool used to investigate differences in cardiac autonomic control between population samples. When interpreting effect sizes to quantify the magnitude of group differences, researchers typically use Cohen's guidelines of small (0.2), medium (0.5), and large (0.8) effects. However, these guidelines were only proposed for use when the effect size distribution (ESD) was unknown. Despite the availability of effect sizes from hundreds of HRV studies, researchers still largely rely on Cohen's guidelines to interpret effect sizes. This article describes an ESD analysis of 297 HRV effect sizes from case-control studies, revealing that the 25th, 50th, and 75th effect size percentiles correspond with effect sizes of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.84, respectively. The ESD for separate clinical groups are also presented. The data suggests that Cohen's guidelines underestimate the magnitude of small and large effect sizes for the body of HRV case-control research. Therefore, to better reflect observed HRV effect sizes, the data suggest that effect sizes of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.85 should be interpreted as small, medium, and large effects. Researchers are encouraged to use the ESD dataset or their own collected datasets in tandem with the provided analysis script to perform bespoke ESD analyses relevant to their specific research area.

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