State smoking rate down 20 percent: Twenty-seven-thousand fewer adults smokers in Alaska since 1996

Aims: In Finland, smoking rates in the general population are decreasing due to increased awareness of the adverse effects and tightened tobacco legislation. However, previous studies have shown that smoking in pregnant Finnish women remained as high as in the general Finnish female population at around 15% in 2010. Our aim was to describe temporal and spatial trends in smoking behaviour, and determinants of changes in smoking behaviour between first and second pregnancy. Methods: Self-reported smoking from the Finnish Medical Birth Register covered the years 1991–2015 ( N=1,435,009). The association of maternal age and socioeconomic status with smoking rate was analysed. Spatial trends were assessed at municipality level. Results: The overall smoking rate during early pregnancy remained fairly stable at around 15% from 1991 to 2015, but increased in teenage and young women below 25 years of age. The mean smoking rate (36%) was higher in these age groups than in older pregnant women (11%). Through the study period the smoking rate remained higher in blue collar workers compared with higher socioeconomic groups. Between the first and second child, on average only 4% of women started to smoke and 41% quitted. Smoking rates developed less favourably in Eastern Finland. Conclusions: The observed increase in smoking rate during pregnancy in teenage and young women is concerning. Pregnancy is a trigger point for smoking cessation in a big fraction of pregnant women. More studies are needed to explain the opposite trends of smoking rates in Northern and Western Finland compared with Eastern Finland.

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Smoking Rate Trends in Korean Occupational Groups: Analysis of KNHANES 1998–2009 Data

Journal of Occupational Health ◽

10.1539/joh.12-0148-oa ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 452-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Tae‐Won Jang ◽

Hyoung‐Ryoul Kim ◽

Sarah E. Choi ◽

Hyeon‐Woo Yim ◽

Hye‐Eun Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Rate ◽

Occupational Groups

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Tobacco control and Healthy China 2030

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054372 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 409-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mark Goodchild ◽

Rong Zheng

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Control Measures ◽

Smoking Rate ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Real ◽

The Third ◽

Full Implementation ◽

Tobacco Taxes ◽

Real Price ◽

Business As Usual

BackgroundThe Healthy China 2030 strategy sets ambitious targets for China’s policy-makers, including a decrease in the smoking rate from 27.7% in 2015 to 20% by 2030. China has made progress on tobacco control in recent years, but many key measures remain underused. This study explores the potential for full implementation of these measures to achieve the targeted reduction in smoking by 2030.MethodsFirst, a ‘business as usual’ scenario for China’s cigarette market was developed based only on underlying economic parameters. Second, non-price tobacco control measures were then added assuming they are fully implemented by 2030. Third, excise per pack was raised to a level that would increase the real price of cigarettes by 50% in 2030.FindingsUnder the business as usual scenario, the rate of smoking falls to around 26.6% in 2030. When non-price measures are included, the rate of smoking falls to 22.0% (20.9%~23.1%). Thus, non-price measures alone are unlikely to achieve the Healthy China target. Under the third scenario, excise per pack was roughly doubled in 2030 in order to increase real cigarette prices by 50%. The rate of smoking then falls to 19.7% (18.2%~21.3%), reflecting 78 million (59~97 million) fewer smokers compared with 2016. In addition, real excise revenue from cigarettes increases by 21% (−3%~47%) compared with 2016.ConclusionSignificantly higher tobacco taxes will be needed to achieve Healthy China 2030 target for reduced smoking even after the implementation of other tobacco control measures.

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An Intertemporal Analysis of Post-FCTC Era Household Tobacco Consumption in Pakistan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16142532 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (14) ◽

pp. 2532

Author(s):

Biplab Kumar Datta ◽

Muhammad Jami Husain ◽

Nigar Nargis

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

National Level ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Smoking Rate ◽

Middle Income ◽

Household Level ◽

The Poor ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

Since the ratification of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2004, Pakistan has taken various measures of tobacco control. This study examines how these tobacco control measures are associated with change in household-level tobacco consumption patterns in Pakistan over the decade (2005 to 2016) after FCTC ratification. We used multiple waves of the household survey data of Pakistan from 2004–2005 to 2015–2016 for analyzing household-level tobacco use. We find that tobacco consumption remains at a significantly high level (45.5%) in Pakistan despite the recent declining trend in the post-FCTC era. During the preparatory phase of FCTC implementation between 2005 and 2008, the smoking rate was on the rise, and smokeless tobacco use was declining. Over the implementation phase of FCTC policies between 2008 and 2016, the pattern of change in tobacco use reversed—the smoking rate started to decrease while smokeless tobacco use started to rise. However, the decrease in the smoking rate was slower and the increase in smokeless tobacco use at the national level was driven by an increase among the poor and middle-income households. These trends resulted in the growing burden of tobacco expenditure among the poor and middle-income households relative to the wealthier households.

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Temporal patterns in smoking rate and mouth-level nicotine exposure

Addictive Behaviors ◽

10.1016/0306-4603(80)90024-6 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 91-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J.C. Robinson ◽

J.C. Young

Keyword(s):

Temporal Patterns ◽

Nicotine Exposure ◽

Smoking Rate

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Health behaviors in major chronic diseases patients: trends and regional variations analysis, 2008–2017, Korea

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09940-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Young-Jee Jeon ◽

Jeehee Pyo ◽

Young-Kwon Park ◽

Minsu Ock

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

General Population ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Series Data ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Smoking Rate ◽

Regional Variations ◽

Drinking Rate ◽

Chronic Disease Patients

Abstract Background Improving the health behaviors of those with chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes is important for disease management. Few in-depth studies have been conducted in Korea on the health behaviors of chronic disease patients. This study examined the health behaviors of chronic disease patients over time and compared them with those of the general population. Methods Cross-sectional time-series data obtained from the Korea Community Health Survey from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed. Thirteen diseases were included in this analysis, namely, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, cataract, and depression. The current smoking rate, drinking rate, and the walking rate, which are leading health behaviors necessary for preventing chronic diseases, were analyzed by disease type. We compared patients’ health behaviors with those of the general population and identified regional variations. Results Although the current overall smoking rate was seemingly declining, the overall monthly drinking and high-risk drinking rates were increasing. In 2017, patients experiencing depression symptoms had a higher smoking rate than did the general population; hypertension and diabetes patients had a higher risk-drinking rate than did the latter. The general population’s walking rate was highest. There were considerable variations by region among chronic disease patients. Conclusions Chronic disease patients displayed worse health behaviors than those of the general population, in some instances. Rather than focusing only on chronic disease patients’ medication adherence, strategies must be devised to increase their smoking cessation rate, decrease their drinking rate, and increase their walking rate.

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