Individual Differences in Locus of Control and the Effectiveness of Structured Retrieval Activities

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel P. Poston ◽  
Megan A. Smith ◽  
Jeffrey D. Karpicke
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control

scholarly journals Less Illusion of a Just World in People with Formally Diagnosed Autism and Higher Autistic Traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bertrams
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
Just World ◽  
External Locus ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Autistic People

AbstractPeople differ in how strongly they believe that, in general, one gets what (s)he deserves (i.e., individual differences in the general belief in a just world). In this study (N = 588; n = 60 with a formal autism diagnosis), whether or not autistic people and those with high autistic traits have a relatively low general belief in a just world is examined. The results revealed the expected relationship between autism/higher autistic traits and a lower general belief in a just world. In a subsample (n = 388), personal belief in a just world, external locus of control, and self-deception mediated this relationship. These findings are discussed in terms of autistic strengths (less biased information processing) and problems (lowered well-being).

The Benefits of (Automated) Dialogue

2011 ◽  
pp. 241-261
Author(s):  
Robert Hurling ◽  
Marco De Boni ◽  
Alannah Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Evaluation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Dialogue System ◽  
Exercise Barriers ◽  
Simple Difference

The authors compared user evaluation of a text based dialogue system with a simple pick list for the same task. The authors matched the systems in terms of key factors, such as design for Usability, and took into account individual differences between participants that might have influenced their perception, such as Locus of Control, Experience and Personality. They found participants rated the text based dialogue system as being more informative, more credible, less frustrating and more persuasive than the simple pick list system. Participants’ ratings were dependent on their Personality, Locus of Control and reported level of physical activity. Participants did not differentiate between the systems in terms of their ease of use, indicating the other observed differences were not due to a simple difference in Usability. This study demonstrated the benefits of including automated dialogue in a system designed to help people find solutions for their exercise barriers. Further work is required to establish in what other situations dialogue provides a benefit.

Belief in Supernatural Phenomena and Locus of Control

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1159-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick J. Scheidt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Attitude Questionnaire ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Superstitious Beliefs

It is hypothesized that Rotter's I-E variable mediates individual differences in supernatural and superstitious beliefs, with externals exhibiting more positive attitudes toward such phenomena. An approximately equal number of male and female introductory psychology students were selected as externals ( N = 20) and internals ( N = 23) from upper and lower quartiles of the Rotter I-E scale. All Ss were administered an attitude questionnaire assessing beliefs toward several paranormal, occult, and pseudoscientific phenomena. Analysis via a 2 × 2 (I-E Control × Sex) analysis of variance strongly confirmed the hypothesis ( p < .01). Although not predicted, females, regardless of I-E status, were much more favorably disposed toward such phenomena than males ( p < .01). Differences in more general attitudes toward both religion and science are suggested as mediating the over-all I-E and sex differences.

Individual Differences in Locus of Control During the Second Half of the Life Span for Identical and Fraternal Twins Reared Apart and Reared Together

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. P100-P105 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Pedersen ◽  
M. Gatz ◽  
R. Plomin ◽  
J. R. Nesselroade ◽  
G. E. McClearn
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Life Span

Locus of Control as a Personality and Situational Variable

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Mc Donald ◽  
Vincent J. Tempone ◽  
William L. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Skilled Performance ◽  
Situational Variable ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Previous studies of the personality variable, locus of control (LC), have focused on the relationship between LC and chance versus skilled performance. This study examined the interaction between LC and an experimental task which elicited in Ss differential levels of control as a subjectively felt state. The experimental task consisted in driving an automobile simulator in such a way that S felt he had maximum or little control over the number of errors he made in his driving performance on subsequent trials. S's performance on the simulator and his own evaluation of that performance were studied in relation to the amount of control experienced and individual differences in LC assessed by a forced-choice questionnaire. Although experimental manipulation of control had significant effects on performance, there was no significant interaction with this main effect and individual differences in LC.

Elaboration Likelihood Model and Locus of Control: Is There a Connection?

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1051-1056
Author(s):  
Yiorgos Zotos ◽  
Steven Lysonski ◽  
Peter Martin
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Advertising Information

This study uses the Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion to explore information-processing activities according to locus of control. A 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design was used with a sample of 317 to assess whether locus of control accounts for individual differences in cognitive processing of advertising stimuli related to credibility and message factors according to the Elaboration Likelihood Model. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance suggested that locus of control does not explain the processing of advertising information. Implications are discussed.

Effects of Perceived Freedom on the Relationship of Locus of Control Beliefs to Typical Shifts in Expectancy

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-820
Author(s):  
Daniel Graybill
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Free Condition ◽  
Regression Procedure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Construct

Rotter's hypothesis that internals show more typical shifts in expectancies (increase in expectancies following success or decrease in expectancies following failure) was tested after some refinements in his formulation of the locus of control construct were made. 100 subjects were administered Internal-External, Perceived Competence, and Origin-Pawn scales. Then, 50 subjects were given the choice to take an anagrams task (free condition), and 50 subjects were required to participate (forced condition). Using a multiple regression procedure, the findings were that internal subjects tended to show more typical changes in expectancy than external ones in the free condition, but the results did not achieve statistical significance. Contrary to Rotter's hypothesis, in the forced condition external subjects showed more typical shifts in expectancy than internal subjects. The findings, in general, did not support Rotter's theory concerning the relationship of individual differences in locus of control beliefs to typical shifts in expectancies.

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