attitude questionnaire
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Author(s):  
Giulio D’URSO ◽  
Simone PARRETTA ◽  
Uberta Ganucci CANCELLIERI ◽  
Irene PETRUCCELLI

The literature suggests that sex offenders are more at risk of relapse and how much treatment pathways are needed to prevent it. Furthermore, the picture of predisposing factors connected to relapse appears complex. Therefore, the aim of this work is to verify the framework of social-cognitive risk factors connected to relapse in sex offenders. Participants in the study are 128 male sex offenders. The age range of the participants goes from 21 to 75 years (M = 41.74; SD = 13.45). Participants were given self-report questionnaires to evaluate cognitive distortions towards children and towards the right to sexuality, the Hanson Sex Attitude Questionnaire; cognitive distortions towards women, the Vindictive Rape Attitude Questionnaire; the mechanisms of moral disengagement, the Moral Disengagement Scale; furthermore, based on the grid of De Leo and colleagues, any adverse conditions (abuse, mistreatment, poverty, substance abuse, institutionalization) during childhood and/or adolescence were identified. Recidivism, on the other hand, was examined by asking participants if they had been convicted several times of the same crime and verifying this information through their files. The results showed that institutionalization, abuse, cognitive distortions towards women, and the mechanism of attributing blame to the victim can be relevant risk factors associated with relapse. The picture that emerged could suggest how the occurrence in a context of institutionalization during childhood could evidently represent an adverse condition during individual development that acts as a predisposing factor for the risk of relapse; in fact, it is possible to hypothesize that this condition may be linked to experiences of neglect. In the direction, the cognitive distortions towards women and the mechanism of attributing guilt to the victim represented the fulcrum of the deviant cognitive scheme capable of legitimizing the activation of violent and abusive behavior.


2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 104269
Author(s):  
Francesco La Barbera ◽  
Fabio Verneau ◽  
Mario Amato ◽  
Klaus G. Grunert ◽  
Berta Schnettler

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingui Huang ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Bizhen Liao

Abstract Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) occurs before, during and after pregnancy and is harmful to both the pregnant woman and the fetus. Identifying the prevalence and predictors of FOC can help us generate strategies for alleviating women’s FOC. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 646 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at a subordinate hospital of a university in China. Data were collected using a basic information form, the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The minimum and maximum total scores of the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire are 16 and 64, respectively, with higher scores reflecting a greater degree of FOC. We conducted hierarchical regression analysis to explore the predictors of FOC and used a structural equation model to further examine the direct and indirect associations between FOC, resilience and childbirth self-efficacy. Results The total prevalence of FOC was 67.1%. The percentages of women with mild (score of 28–39), moderate (40–51), and severe FOC (52–64) were 45.4, 19.5, and 2.2%, respectively. The average score on the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire was 32.49, indicating mild FOC. The final regression analysis revealed six variables predicting FOC that explained 64.5% of the variance in FOC: age, gestational age, parity, spousal support, resilience, and childbirth self-efficacy. Furthermore, childbirth self-efficacy mediated the relationship between resilience and FOC, and the mediation effect rate was 53.5%. Conclusions A high prevalence of FOC among pregnant Chinese women was found in this study. Age, gestational age, parity, spousal support, resilience, and childbirth self-efficacy were predictors of FOC. It is suggested that healthcare professionals should pay close attention to FOC and implement targeted interventions in accordance with these predictors, especially resilience and childbirth self-efficacy.


Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Francesco La Barbera ◽  
Mario Amato ◽  
Roberto Fasanelli ◽  
Fabio Verneau

Insects are a promising alternative protein source and their possible integration in the human diet has been extensively studied, also with reference to the degree of consumer acceptability and the main factors determining reluctance among Western consumers. Several studies have also proposed the use of protein meals derived from insects in animal feed as a possible way to promote the development of the insect chain. Consumer attitudes, perceived risks, and intention to eat insect-based foods have been extensively researched, yet the relationships between those factors are still unclear. On a sample of 202 Italian consumers, the present research used the Entomophagy Attitude Questionnaire (EAQ) to analyse the degree of acceptability of insects as food and meat obtained from animals raised on insect-based feeds with a specific focus on the role of attitudes and perceived risk. The research also evaluated the differences in acceptability between different types of animals fed with insects. The results show that the intention to engage in entomophagy is significantly correlated with all three of the EAQ’s subscales, as well as with perceived risk. However, the effect of perceived risk does not significantly improve the predictive validity of EAQ with respect to the intention to eat insect-based food. The results also show that the degree of acceptability for different insect meal-reared animals changes among consumers: beef and pork are characterized by a lower degree of acceptability, while poultry and fish are more accepted by consumers.


Author(s):  
Dainora Šakinytė ◽  
◽  
Rasa Markšaitytė ◽  
Laura Šeibokaitė ◽  
Auksė Endriulaitienė ◽  
...  

"Social advertisements with threat appeals are widely used to reduce drunk driving. However, research on the effectiveness of such advertising is limited. This study aimed to evaluate, what emotions cause threat appeal ads targeting drunk driving and whether these ads change risky driving attitudes. 41 students (17.1 percent males; mean age 20.9 years; 53.7 percent had a driving license) voluntarily participated in the experimental study. Every participant was randomly assigned to one of three groups: two experimental (watched one of two TV ads with threat appeals) or control group (watched car wash ad with no threatening stimuli). After watching one of three ads, all participants were asked to evaluate seven emotions and to fill in Driving Attitude Questionnaire (DAQ). Results revealed that both road safety threat appeal ads targeting drunk driving did not arouse any stronger fear emotions or differences in driving attitudes compared to control group. Both experimental groups didn’t differ in emotions or attitudes as well. No difference in emotions and attitudes was found when comparing the reaction of participants who have seen the specific ad before the experiment and those who haven’t. The fact of being a licensed driver was also not related to the level of reported emotions or attitude differences in both experimental groups. The study results reveal that the possible effectiveness of threat appeal ads from ongoing social marketing campaigns on reducing drunk driving is questionable and further studies are needed."


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingui Huang ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Bizhen Liao

Abstract Background: Fear of childbirth(FOC) runs through before, during and after pregnancy, which is harmful to both the pregnant woman and fetus. To identify the prevalence and predictors of FOC can help us generate strategies for alleviating women’s FOC.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 646 pregnant women attending antenatal care at a subordinate hospital of an university in China. Data were collected using a Basic information form, Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, and 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. We conducted hierarchical regression analysis to explore the predictors of FOC and used a structural equation model to examine the direct and indirect associations between FOC, resilience and childbirth self-efficacy further.Results: The average score on the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire scale was 32.49 and the total prevalence of FOC was 67.1%. 45.4% women reported a mild level of fear, 19.5% reported moderate fear, and 2.2% reported a severe level of fear. The final regression analysis displayed six variables predicting FOC that explained 64.2% of variance in FOC: age (t=2.795, P<0.05), gestation age (t=2.566, P<0.05), parity (t=-5.191, P<0.01), spousal support (t=-6.119, P<0.01), resilience (t=-10.302, P<0.01) and childbirth self-efficacy (t=-16.435, P<0.01). Furthermore, childbirth self-efficacy mediated the relationship between FOC and resilience, and the mediation effect ratio was 53.5%.Conclusions: A high prevalence of FOC among pregnant Chinese women was found in this study. Age, gestation age, parity, spousal support, resilience and childbirth self-efficacy were predictors of FOC. It is suggested that the health-care professionals should pay close attention to FOC and take targeted interventions according to these predictors especially resilience and childbirth self-efficacy.


2021 ◽  
Vol XIX (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Snježana Dobrota

U radu je istražen utjecaj dobi/godine studija studenata na njihove stavove prema djeci izbjeglicama, na interkulturalne stavove i na preferencije glazbi svijeta te je ispitana povezanost između stavova prema djeci izbjeglicama, interkulturalnih stavova i preferencija glazbi svijeta. U okviru istraživanja primijenjen je upitnik općih podataka, Skala stavova prema djeci izbjeglicama (Attitude Questionnaire toward Refugee Children – AQReC), Upitnik interkulturalnih stavova (Munroe Multicultural Attitude Scale Questionnaire – MASQUE) te skala procjene za ispitivanje preferencija glazbenih ulomaka na uzorku od 259 studenata Filozofskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu. Rezultati ne potvrđuju utjecaj dobi/godine studija na stavove studenata prema djeci izbjeglicama ni na njihove interkulturalne stavove. Potvrđen je utjecaj dobi/godine studija na preferencije glazbi svijeta, pri čemu studenti viših godina studija pokazuju veće preferencije takve glazbe. I, konačno, rezultati potvrđuju da studenti koji imaju pozitivnije stavove prema djeci izbjeglicama, imaju i pozitivnije interkulturalne stavove i veće preferencije glazbi svijeta. Autorica ističe važnost interkulturalnog glazbenog obrazovanja za formiranje studentskih interkulturalnih stavova te njihovih stavova prema djeci izbjeglicama.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Panut Setiono ◽  
Sri Dadi ◽  
Nani Yuliantini

Curiosity is a character that must be mastered by students to be able to learn independently. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the attitude of curiosity in grade 7A students. The research method used in this research is the Classroom Action Research model of Kemmis, Taggart & Nixon with the stages of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting activities. The data collection instruments used in this study were the observation sheet of learning implementation and a curiosity attitude questionnaire. From the results of observations of the implementation of learning, there was an increase in the implementation of the PjBL learning model from cycle I and cycle II with a percentage score of 70.0 and 84.17. While the results of the questionnaire attitude of curiosity showed an increase in very high criteria with a score of 9.38% in the first cycle, an increase of 15.63% in the second cycle. So that it can be concluded that the PjBL model can increase the curiosity of students.


2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 6547-6560
Author(s):  
Tianyang Huang, Chiwu Huang

This article attempted to understand the attitude of the elderly to the use of robots to assist in activities of daily living (ADLs). The study first learned about major items of ADLs of elderly people living independently through one-on-one interviews, and then let the seniors fill in the attitude questionnaire and the acceptance questionnaire after watching the robot video. The results showed that the mean scores of seniors in the attitude questionnaire were greater than 3 (3 stands for neutral), and they highly accept the use of robots to assist ADLs such as reminding people to carry items, reminding to take medicine, reminding important things, reminding the location of items, cleaning and looking for things. The results suggested that seniors hold an open attitude towards the use of robot assistance. The research results can provide an understanding on the user's assistance needs and attitudes, as well as reference for the design of the robot, especially the functional design, ultimately improving the ability of the elderly to live independently and improve their quality of life.


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