Locus of Control as a Personality and Situational Variable

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Mc Donald ◽  
Vincent J. Tempone ◽  
William L. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Skilled Performance ◽  
Situational Variable ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Previous studies of the personality variable, locus of control (LC), have focused on the relationship between LC and chance versus skilled performance. This study examined the interaction between LC and an experimental task which elicited in Ss differential levels of control as a subjectively felt state. The experimental task consisted in driving an automobile simulator in such a way that S felt he had maximum or little control over the number of errors he made in his driving performance on subsequent trials. S's performance on the simulator and his own evaluation of that performance were studied in relation to the amount of control experienced and individual differences in LC assessed by a forced-choice questionnaire. Although experimental manipulation of control had significant effects on performance, there was no significant interaction with this main effect and individual differences in LC.

Investigating the Personality Variable (LOC) & Impression Management Relationship: Exploring the Role of Demographic Variables & Sectoral Difference of Managers

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poornima Madan ◽  
Shalini Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Public Sector Organizations ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Correlation

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between locus of control and impression management. The study also examines the variation in locus of control dimensions namely, internality, externality (others) and externality (chance). It further investigates the difference on perception of demographic variables (gender and marital status) and sectoral difference on impression management. The study was administered on 125 Managers who were representatives of different private and public sector organizations in Delhi/NCR. Variables in the study were assessed using validated instruments. Descriptive Statistics, t-test, Correlation and Regression were used for data analysis. Organizations will be better prepared to dig into the arena of one of the personality variable, i.e. locus of control and its relationship with impression management. The current research is imperative in providing insights into role of personality variable (locus of control) and impression management, which will be one of the pioneer researches available till date. Moreover, the research will highlight the significance of locus of control dimensions and impression management.

scholarly journals Corporate budget governance through the operating managers engagement: Does locus of control matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Anissa Dakhli
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Organizational Setting ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Budgetary Participation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between budgetary participation and job satisfaction, moderated by the personality variable, locus of control. The data is gathered via a questionnaire administered to 75 managers from Tunisian hotels. To test the hypothesis of this study, moderated regression analysis was performed. Our results in a developing country setting confirm the contingent aspect of budgetary participation and show that the locus of control moderates the budgetary participation effects on job satisfaction. Budgetary participation was found to have a positive effect on internal managers while having a negative effect on external managers. The results suggest that it is necessary for Tunisian hotels to focus on the broader context in which budgetary participation is used. This latter has two aspects: structural and behavioral. The success of budget participation certainly depends on the organizational setting in which it is used but also on the psychological willingness of actors involved to develop and succeed in such budgetary practice.

Effects of Perceived Freedom on the Relationship of Locus of Control Beliefs to Typical Shifts in Expectancy

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-820
Author(s):  
Daniel Graybill
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Free Condition ◽  
Regression Procedure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Construct

Rotter's hypothesis that internals show more typical shifts in expectancies (increase in expectancies following success or decrease in expectancies following failure) was tested after some refinements in his formulation of the locus of control construct were made. 100 subjects were administered Internal-External, Perceived Competence, and Origin-Pawn scales. Then, 50 subjects were given the choice to take an anagrams task (free condition), and 50 subjects were required to participate (forced condition). Using a multiple regression procedure, the findings were that internal subjects tended to show more typical changes in expectancy than external ones in the free condition, but the results did not achieve statistical significance. Contrary to Rotter's hypothesis, in the forced condition external subjects showed more typical shifts in expectancy than internal subjects. The findings, in general, did not support Rotter's theory concerning the relationship of individual differences in locus of control beliefs to typical shifts in expectancies.

scholarly journals Body Schema Illusions: A Study of the Link between the Rubber Hand and Kinesthetic Mirror Illusions through Individual Differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgane Metral ◽  
Corentin Gonthier ◽  
Marion Luyat ◽  
Michel Guerraz
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Body Schema ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Hand ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Neurophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multisensory Illusions ◽  
Healthy Participants

Background. The well-known rubber hand paradigm induces an illusion by having participants feel the touch applied to a fake hand. In parallel, the kinesthetic mirror illusion elicits illusions of movement by moving the reflection of a participant’s arm. Experimental manipulation of sensory inputs leads to emergence of these multisensory illusions. There are strong conceptual similarities between these two illusions, suggesting that they rely on the same neurophysiological mechanisms, but this relationship has never been investigated. Studies indicate that participants differ in their sensitivity to these illusions, which provides a possibility for studying the relationship between these two illusions. Method. We tested 36 healthy participants to confirm that there exist reliable individual differences in sensitivity to the two illusions and that participants sensitive to one illusion are also sensitive to the other. Results. The results revealed that illusion sensitivity was very stable across trials and that individual differences in sensitivity to the kinesthetic mirror illusion were highly related to individual differences in sensitivity to the rubber hand illusion. Conclusions. Overall, these results support the idea that these two illusions may be both linked to a transitory modification of body schema, wherein the most sensitive people have the most malleable body schema.

Locus of Control, Task Difficulty, and Their Interaction with Employees' Attitudes

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 971-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand A. Gul ◽  
Judy Tsui ◽  
Lokman Mia
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Large Company ◽  
Situational Variable ◽  
And Task

Using 64 middle-level managers of a large company as subjects, this study investigated the interacting effects on employees' attitudes of locus of control, a personality variable, and task difficulty, a situational variable. The results of a 2 × 2 analysis of variance provided evidence to support the notion that locus of control interacted with task difficulty to affect employees' attitudes.

The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freda-Marie Hartung ◽  
Britta Renner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health State ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
First Year University ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.

Attachment and Field Dependence: Individual Differences in Information Processing

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Vermigli ◽  
Alessandro Toni
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Figure Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Measure Field

The present research analyzes the relationship between attachment styles at an adult age and field dependence in order to identify possible individual differences in information processing. The “Experience in Close Relationships” test of Brennan et al. was administered to a sample of 380 individuals (160 males, 220 females), while a subsample of 122 subjects was given the Embedded Figure Test to measure field dependence. Confirming the starting hypothesis, the results have shown that individuals with different attachment styles have a different way of perceiving the figure against the background. Ambivalent and avoidant individuals lie at the two extremes of the same dimension while secure individuals occupy the central part. Significant differences also emerged between males and females.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

Investment Traits and Intelligence in Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie von Stumm
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Intelligence-as-knowledge in adulthood is influenced by individual differences in intelligence-as-process (i.e., fluid intelligence) and in personality traits that determine when, where, and how people invest their intelligence over time. Here, the relationship between two investment traits (i.e., Openness to Experience and Need for Cognition), intelligence-as-process and intelligence-as-knowledge, as assessed by a battery of crystallized intelligence tests and a new knowledge measure, was examined. The results showed that (1) both investment traits were positively associated with intelligence-as-knowledge; (2) this effect was stronger for Openness to Experience than for Need for Cognition; and (3) associations between investment and intelligence-as-knowledge reduced when adjusting for intelligence-as-process but remained mostly significant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document