Early Reported PTSD Symptoms and the Ability to Predict Long-Term Somatic Health Complaints

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Immel ◽  
Russell Jones
Keyword(s):  
Health Complaints ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Health

scholarly journals Exploring expected and perceived facilitators and barriers of an indicated prevention strategy to prevent future long-term sickness absence; a qualitative study among employers and employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie H. Klasen ◽  
Ludovic G. P. M. van Amelsvoort ◽  
Inge Houkes ◽  
Nicole W. H. Jansen ◽  
IJmert Kant
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Prevention Strategy ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
Indicated Prevention ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

Abstract Background An indicated prevention strategy (IPS), consisting of a screening questionnaire and early treatment, was found to be effective for the prevention of future long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in two large Dutch RCT’s. This IPS aims to detect employees who have a high risk to become absent, and subsequently offer them early treatment. Despite the overall effectiveness, only a few companies have implemented this strategy so far. This suggests that companies may not be convinced of the (cost) effectiveness of this strategy yet. In companies where IPS has been implemented, screenings uptake and adherence to early treatment appeared to be moderate, indicating that both employees and employers might perceive barriers. Methods The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the expected and perceived facilitators and barriers for the implementation of the IPS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 employers and 11 employees (acquainted and unacquainted with IPS) from large companies. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically. Results The employers believed they were primarily responsible for psychological and work-related health complaints and SA, while the employees felt responsible for health complaints related to their lifestyle. According to the employees, the responsibility of the employer was solely related to work-related health. This finding exposed a relation with the health culture, which was solely based on creating a safe work environment, omitting psychological health issues. The efficacy of this IPS regarding reducing SA was estimated positive, however, the efficacy regarding LTSA was questioned. Fear of a privacy breach was often mentioned by the respondents as an important barrier. Conclusions This study showed that the health culture within a company may be important for the perceived responsibility towards SA and health. A health culture which primarily focuses on physical complaints may raise barriers for the adoption and implementation of this preventive strategy. Participant’ perceptions of the nature of LTSA and the fact that not all participants were familiar with the exact content and phasing of IPS may have doubted the efficacy regarding LTSA. This study provides important clues for future and improved implementation of IPS.

scholarly journals Low Burnout and High Engagement Levels in Athletic Trainers: Results of a Nationwide Random Sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Giacobbi
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
Certified Athletic Trainers ◽  
Somatic Health ◽  
Occupational Setting ◽  
College Or University

Abstract To assess the prevalence of occupational burnout, engagement, and somatic health complaints and the associations among these constructs experienced by certified athletic trainers (ATs). A secondary objective was to examine differences between men and women, those with more versus less postcertification experience, and ATs who worked in different occupational settings.Objective: Survey-based, stratified, proportionate random sample of full-time ATs.Design: Data were collected online from ATs employed full time in the college or university, secondary school or youth, and industrial or clinical settings.Setting: Of 3998 invited ATs, 934 replied, for a response rate of 24%. The mean age of the participants was 33.84 ± 8.29 years, and each AT worked with an average of 90 clients.Patients or Other Participants: The dependent variables were perceived stress, occupational burnout, engagement, and somatic health complaints.Main Outcome Measure(s): Although 17.2% of participants were in the most advanced stages of burnout, low levels of burnout and high degrees of occupational engagement were observed. Women ATs and those working in the college or university settings scored higher for burnout, whereas men and those in the clinical or industrial settings scored higher for engagement. Women also reported significantly more somatic health complaints than men did.Results: The overall prevalence of burnout in ATs was relatively small, but sex and occupational-setting differences were observed and deserve greater scrutiny.Conclusions:

scholarly journals The Tension Between Cognitive and Regulatory Flexibility and Their Associations With Current and Lifetime PTSD Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilat Haim-Nachum ◽  
Einat Levy-Gigi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Traumatic Exposure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Regulatory Flexibility ◽  
Personalized Intervention

In recent years, researchers have tried to unpack the meaning of the term flexibility and test how different constructs of flexibility are associated with various psychopathologies. For example, it is apparent that high levels of flexibility allow individuals to adaptively cope and avoid psychopathology following traumatic events, but the precise nature of this flexibility is ambiguous. In this study we focus on two central constructs: cognitive flexibility – the ability to recognize and implement possible responses to a situation– and regulatory flexibility – the ability to modulate emotional expression and experience across situations. We aim to explore the connection between cognitive and regulatory flexibility and evaluate their relative effect on PTSD symptoms. Trauma-exposed college students (N = 109, M age = 25.31, SD = 4.59) were assessed for cognitive and regulatory flexibility and current and lifetime PTSD symptoms. We predicted and found a relatively weak, yet significant, overlap between participants’ cognitive and regulatory flexibility. Importantly, while both cognitive and regulatory flexibility were associated with lifetime PTSD symptoms, only cognitive flexibility was associated with current PTSD symptoms. The findings illuminate the possible value of differentiating between constructs of flexibility in predicting short and long-term effects of traumatic exposure and may pave the ground for developing personalized intervention methods.

scholarly journals Health and educational aspirations in adolescence: a longitudinal study in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Dobewall ◽  
Pirjo Lindfors ◽  
Sakari Karvonen ◽  
Leena Koivusilta ◽  
Mari-Pauliina Vainikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Educational Aspirations ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Health Selection ◽  
Selection Hypothesis ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Factors

Abstract Background The health selection hypothesis suggests that poor health leads to low educational attainment during the life course. Adolescence is an important period as poor health might prevent students from making the best educational choices. We test if health in adolescence is associated with educational aspirations and whether these associations persist over and above sociodemographic background and academic achievement. Methods Using classroom surveys, a cohort of students (n = 5.614) from the Helsinki Metropolitan Region was followed from the 7th (12–13 years,) up to the 9th grade (15–16 years) when the choice between the academic and the vocational track is made in Finland. Health factors (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), self-rated health, daily health complaints, and long-term illness and medicine prescribed) and sociodemographic background were self-reported by the students. Students’ educational aspirations (applying for academic versus vocational track, or both) and their academic achievement were obtained from the Joint Application Registry held by the Finnish National Agency for Education. We conducted multilevel multinomial logistic regression analyses, taking into account that students are clustered within schools. Results All studied health factors were associated with adolescents’ educational aspirations. For the SDQ, daily health complaints, and self-rated health these associations persisted over and above sociodemographic background and academic achievement. Students with better health in adolescence were more likely to apply for the academic track, and those who were less healthy were more likely to apply for the vocational track. The health in the group of those students who had applied for both educational tracks was in between. Inconsistent results were observed for long-term illness. We also found robust associations between educational aspirations and worsening health from grade 7 to grade 9. Conclusions Our findings show that selection by health factors to different educational trajectories takes place at early teenage much before adolescents choose their educational track, thus supporting the health selection hypothesis in the creation of socioeconomic health inequalities. Our findings also show the importance of adolescence in this process. More studies are needed to reveal which measures would be effective in helping students with poor health to achieve their full educational potential.

scholarly journals Treatment of victims of trauma

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Adshead ◽  
Scott Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stress ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Acute And Chronic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

Not all traumatic events cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and people develop PTSD symptoms after events that do not seem to be overwhelmingly traumatic. In order to direct services appropriately, there is a need to distinguish time-limited post-traumatic symptoms and acute stress reactions (that may improve spontaneously without treatment or respond to discrete interventions) from PTSD, with its potentially more chronic pathway and possible long-term effects on the personality. In this article, we describe acute and chronic stress disorders and evidence about the most effective treatments.

“Imagine your neighbor mows the lawn”: a pilot study of psychological sequelae due to awake craniotomy

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Milian ◽  
Ralf Luerding ◽  
Annette Ploppa ◽  
Karlheinz Decker ◽  
Tsambika Psaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Awake Craniotomy ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Sequelae ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Distressing Recollections

Object Although it has been reported that awake neurosurgical procedures are well tolerated, the long-term occurrence of general psychological sequelae has not yet been investigated. This study assessed the frequency and effects of psychological symptoms after an awake craniotomy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods Sixteen patients undergoing an awake surgery were surveyed with a self-developed questionnaire, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Inventory For Awake Surgery Patients, which adopts the core components of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria. The mean time between surgery and data collection was 97.3 ± 93.2 weeks. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results Forty-four percent of the patients stated that they had experienced either repetitive distressing recollections or dreams related to the awake surgery, 18.8% stated persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the awake surgery, and symptoms of increased arousal occurred in 62.5%. Two patients presented with postoperative psychological sequelae resembling PTSD symptoms. Younger age at surgery and female sex were risk factors for symptoms of increased arousal. The experience of intense anxiety during awake surgery appears to favor the development of postsurgical PTSD symptoms, while recurrent distressing recollections particularly affect HRQOL negatively. Conclusions In many cases awake craniotomy is necessary to preserve language and motor function. However, in some cases awake craniotomy can lead to postoperative psychological sequelae resembling PTSD symptoms. Therefore, possible long-term effects of an awake surgery should be considered and discussed with the patient when planning this type of surgery.

When social media traumatizes teens

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1169-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Christine McHugh ◽  
Pamela Wisniewski ◽  
Mary Beth Rosson ◽  
John M. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Online Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Explicit Content

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which negative online risk experiences (information breaches, explicit content exposure, cyberbullying and sexual solicitations) cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in adolescents. The study also explores whether teens’ short-term coping responses serve to mitigate PTSD or, instead, act as a response to stress from online events. Design/methodology/approach The study utilized a web-based diary design over the course of two months. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling with repeated measures. Findings The study confirmed that explicit content exposure, cyberbullying and sexual solicitations (but not information breaches) evoke symptoms of PTSD. Analyses also indicated that teens engage in active and communicative coping after they experience post-traumatic stress, regardless of risk type or frequency. Practical implications The authors found that teens took active measures to cope with online risks soon after they felt threatened (within a week). Actively coping with stressful situations has been shown to enhance adolescent resilience and reduce long-term negative effects of risk exposure. If these early coping behaviors can be detected, social media platforms may be able to embed effective interventions to support healthy coping processes that can further protect teens against long-term harm from exposure to online risks. Originality/value This is the first study to examine situational PTSD symptoms related to four types of adolescent online risk exposure within the week exposure occurred. By applying two competing theoretical frameworks (the adolescent resilience framework and transactional theory of stress), the authors show empirical evidence that suggests short-term coping responses are likely a stress reaction to PTSD, not a protective factor against it.

scholarly journals Long term sick leave, subjective health complaints and sense of coherence, a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1308082
Author(s):  
Hilde Stendal Robinson ◽  
Camilla Coward ◽  
Wenche S. Bjorbækmo ◽  
Eva Langeland ◽  
Albert Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sick Leave ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Health Complaints ◽  
Cross Sectional
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