Social psychology and leadership: The past and future

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Reichart
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
The Past

Other People's Struggles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Owen
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
British History ◽  
Original Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Do So

Other People’s Struggles is the first attempt in over forty years to explain the place of “conscience constituents” in social movements. Conscience constituents are people who participate in a movement but do not stand to benefit if it succeeds. Why do such people participate when they do not stand to benefit? Why are they sometimes present and sometimes absent in social movements? Why and when is their participation welcome to those who do stand to benefit, and why and when is it not? The work proposes an original theory to answer these questions, crossing discipline boundaries to draw on the findings of social psychology, philosophy, and normative political theory, in search of explanations of why people act altruistically and what it means to others when they do so. The theory is illustrated by examples from British history, including the antislavery movement, the women’s suffrage and liberation movements, labor and socialist movements, anticolonial movements, antipoverty movements, and movements for global justice. Other People’s Struggles also contributes to new debates concerning the rights and wrongs of “speaking for others.” Debates concerning the limits of solidarity—who can be an “ally” and on what terms—have become very topical in contemporary politics, especially in identity politics and in the new “populist” movements. The book provides a theoretical and empirical account of how these questions have been addressed in the past and how they might be framed today.

Language and Social Psychology Approaches to Race, Racism, and Social Justice: Analyzing the Past and Revealing Ways Forward

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-28
Author(s):  
Natasha Shrikant ◽  
Howard Giles ◽  
Daniel Angus
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Justice Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Justice Research

Issues of race, racism, and social justice are under-studied topics in this journal. This Prologue, and our Special Issue (S.I.) more broadly, highlights ways that language and social psychology (LSP) approaches can further our understanding of race, racism, and social justice, while suggesting more inclusive directions for their theoretical development. Acknowledging the inspiration from the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, we begin by discussing our deeply-held personal and emotional connections to recent societal events, including police violence against innocent Black civilians and the prevalence of anti-Asian hate. What follows, then, is: a historical analysis of past JLSP publications on these issues, a proposal for more intersections between LSP and communication social justice research, and an overview of the BLM movement together with the four articles that follow. We conclude by advocating for individual and institutional practices that can create socially-just changes by LSP scholars in the academy.

Mystery God and Olympian God

1916 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-222
Author(s):  
George P. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual

That man's social instincts and emotions have been intimately bound up with his religious emotions and ideas is, happily, in no danger of being forgotten. Through the cumulative impact of many motives, we are learning to look to man's social experience for such insight as the analysis of individual experience seemed not to afford. Thus far, the most striking instance of this—at least in the popular mind—is in the domain of morals. Conscience, when viewed as the possession and experience of the individual alone, has every appearance of something sacred and imperious, absolute and inexplicable. But once let conscience be put into the crucible of anthropology and social psychology, and its mysteriousness and absoluteness seem to have vanished. We see its function and we comprehend its genesis. It is simply the echo within the individual of the past experience of the race, an inherited instinct, which has a definite survival value in the struggle for existence. It would hardly be fair to say that every question about the meaning and worth of conscience is forthwith settled. Concerning the ultimate inferences to be drawn from the undoubted fact that conscience has had a history within man's social experience, there is much which may easily escape us in our first enthusiasm for the concepts of history, development, and social experience.

Invasions of Personal Space in Demented and Nondemented Elderly Persons

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Rapp ◽  
Hans Gutzmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Specific Reaction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Reactions

Personal space has been a research issue in both social psychology and nursing in the past 20 years. In the context of behavioral and psychological signs and symptoms in dementia (BPSSD), however, personal space and other basic paradigms of social psychology sparsely play a role. In order to assess personal space in demented (n = 10) and nondemented (n = 10) elderly participants, we replicated the original study addressing personal space by Felipe and Sommer (1966). The two groups differed in the overall number of participants showing a specific reaction, in the mean duration until specific reactions occurred, and in the percentage of participants within a group showing a specific reaction at a given point in time. The argument is being made that such findings might reflect situational as well as disease-specific changes in the perception of and reactions to invasions of personal space in demented patients. We suggest that further research in that field could bring about more information on the nature of dementia, and especially BPSSD. Implications for therapy and care of dementia patients are being discussed.

The Development of the God Concept: A Symbolic Interaction Approach

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Larry G. Day
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Role Taking ◽  
God Concept ◽  
The Past ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Interaction Approach ◽  
Parent Child

Study in the area of the development of the God concept of children has been attempted by many writers in the past several years. Several theories have been put forth as to the nature of the formation of a child's God concept with some of the theories dealing with the great influence the parents have on this development. This article will give special attention to the theory of Symbolic Interaction and how its major tenets (reference group, interpretation, role-taking, Self, and Mind) offer a social psychology approach to the development of the child's God concept as seen in parent-child interactions around religious gestures and symbols.

Mémoire des conflits, conflits de mémoires: une approche psychosociale et philosophique du rôle de la mémoire collective dans les processus de réconciliation intergroupe

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Licata ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Raphaël Gély
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memoire Collective ◽  
Crucial Part

Reconstructing the past is a crucial part of intergroup reconciliation processes because, after a conflict, collective memory undermines a great part of animosity, hatred, and distrust between groups. The di ficulty of managing memories rests on the triple challenge it has to face: allowing the recognition and healing of individual su ferings; preserving social identities of both groups; while allowing them to live together in peace. Hence, an improper management of collective memory could lead to the resurgence of conflict, or even to a cycle of revenge wherein past wounds justify present violence. In this paper, which will draw both from social psychology and from philosophy, we start by delineating the concept of collective memory and its relationships with social identity. Then we identify the processes through which collective memory of past conflicts is likely to impede reconciliation. Finally, we attempt to envision solutions through processes of transmission of memories both within and between social groups.

scholarly journals Developing Prior Distributions for Bayesian Meta-Analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlan McKinney ◽  
Angelika Stefan ◽  
Quentin Frederik Gronau
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Prior Distribution ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Bayes Factors ◽  
Prior Distributions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Past Data ◽  
Meta Analyses

One effective way to consolidate studies is to use Bayesian meta-analyses. Bayesian methodology allows researchers to integrate their own predictions into the analysis. However, researchers may struggle to decide which prior distribution is appropriate. To help researchers in this pursuit, we outline a method to develop prior distributions based on past data. We constructed three prior distributions based on 100 social psychology meta-analyses of the past 20 years. We fit distributions to the data using maximum likelihood estimation. We then tested the effectiveness of our prior distributions against uninformed alternatives using testing data that had been separated out during the fitting process. Our prior distributions resulted in larger Bayes factors than the alternatives. Our results showcase the methodology’s potential to develop informed prior distributions for various purposes in the future.

The use and misuse of rational models in collective behavior and social psychology

1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph H. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Decision Models ◽  
Rational Decision ◽  
Rational Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Sociology Of Sociology

During the past two decades the use of rational decision models, especially those which assume self-interest motivation, has diffused widely throughout sociology, including the fields of collective behavior and social psychology. This trend is interesting as a datum for study in the sociology of sociology, for what it reveals about changing assumptions concerning the nature and dynamics of social behavior, and as a trend that is sometimes beneficial and sometimes deleterious. My objective is to raise questions based on these three kinds of interest, and to suggest some answers.

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